8. 名词性从句解释版

名词性从句
（组员：林凤琳、陈艳艳、黄婷、陈建辉、余雨薇、林翠莹、陈咏雯、黄仪贤、李艳清、方玉莹、蓝婉铓、易芝茵、叶春妙、黎清怡、彭媛、李淑贤、林文珠、黎振、林钰雯）
选择题
Test 1
Section A:
1. The receptionist, ___job was to answer the phone, had laryngitis（喉炎）.
A. whose
B. who
C. who's
D. that
这里定语从句缺什么定语，所以需要whose作为引导词，故选A
陈建辉
2. ____difficulties we may come across, we will help one another to get over them.
A. Whatever
B. Whichever
C. However
D. What
Whatever 引导让步状语从句，意为无论我们遇到什么困难，故选A
whatever 和whichever的区别
比如这两个句子：
1. We have plenty of books here. You may take ____you like most.
2. I went to the library and read____ I could find about Robert Owen.
whichever前面必然有个范围，前面铺垫了一下，所以用whichever
whatever不用，就没有范围，用whatever
You can pick ———— one you like.
你喜欢哪个就挑哪个。

陈建辉
3. is his own decision.
A. When leaving
B. When does he leave
C. When he leaves
D. He leaves
(Subject clause)
从句子判断缺少主语，故这里选择一个从句作主语，从句中应用陈述句语序，不难选出C 陈建辉
Test 2
4. It ____that the other planets cannot support human life.
A. was generally believed
B. believes
C. is generally believed
D. Believed
余雨微T2A8
解释：It is believed that…这是个主语从句，习惯性的以it作为形式主语的被动语态，that 引导的句子是真正的主语。

这句子的意思是：普遍认为，其他星球不能支持人类生存。

应
用一般现在时。

5. The captain controls two thousand men, ___ must obey his orders in both war and peace.
A. all of which
B. those
C. all of whom
D. whom
余雨微T2A17
解释：宾语从句中先行词为人，排除A选项；both...of...搭配，介词后面用宾格,选C
Test 3
T3 A27
6．In September, 1939, ____ everyone had dreaded happened——the Second World War broke out. that B. which C. what D. why
解释：查此句考名词性从句中的主语从句。

1. 题目中下划线后分句的第一层结构是主谓结构：sth. happened. 而主语sth. 用了一个句子充当，故为主语从句。

（主语从句的释义和例句可参考书本P348页）
2. 在主语从句中dreaded 是缺宾语的，成分不完整，可排除that、why。

而dreaded sth. ，what 可作宾语成分意为“什么”，所以排除which。

题目的意思为：在1939年9月，所有人都害怕的事情发生了——第二次世界大战爆发。

林翠莹
Test 4
7. The reason Beethoven went away to the country is ______he was gradually going deaf.
A. that
B. because
C. on account of the fact
D.since
T4 A18 陈咏雯
解释：根据书本P349页提到，名词性分句做主语补语，如：The fact is that he didn’t notice the car until too late，题目中主干句为The reason is that he was gradually goning deaf.并且句子中省略了关系副词why。

因此这题选A
8. I am lucky _____ the thing I enjoy doing most is ____ I’ve ended up doing.
A. when…that
B.if…what
C. that…what
D.tha t…that
T4 A25 陈咏雯
解释：I am lucky 引导宾语从句，因此选that。

根据书本P17页，主-动-补（svc）结构，如：The car is mine. 所以句中the thing I enjoy doing most 是主语，is是be动词，is后引导的是表语从句,而表语从句中又缺乏主语，根据书本P349页，名词性分句做主语，如：What caused the fire is still a mystery.题目可变为What I’ve ended up doing is the thing I enjoy doing most,可看出表语从句是缺主语的，因而选C。

订正：根据书本P348 名词性分句作宾语, what 在表语从句中作宾语
Test 5
9．All ____is a nice meal and a good rest.
A. what I want
B. that I want
C. the thing wanted
D. which I want
黄仪贤t5a3
解释：课本P382页提到，在限制性关系分句中作主语的关系代词的选择，按照一般规则是用用which/that指物。

但在实际使用中，大多数是用that指物，较少用which。

所以D选项不选。

课本P383页提到，当先行项为all或其他指物的不定代词时，关系代词作主语时通常用that，作宾语用that/zero。

课本还举出了例句：All （that）I want is peace and quiet.与B选项类似。

所以应当选B项。

A选项中what与all同为代词，功能重复，所以不能选。

C选项语义不通，所以不能选。

10. Harry wishes to be a doctor. Can you tell me what ____?
A, are you aiming at
B. are you aiming for
C. you are aiming at 目标
D. you are aiming for
黄仪贤t5a12
解释：what引导主语从句采用陈述语序，所以排除A,B选项。

而C、D选项中aim at, aim for
都有“致力于做……“但aim at 有瞄准目标，目的的意思，for 则没有。

所以选择C选项。

11. In the year A.D. 79, a volcano erupted in ____is now Italy.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
黄仪贤t5a15
解释：C直接排除，D不能与in搭配。

而B选项则构成一个定语从句修饰erupted不通顺，所以应该选A，what是介词in 的宾语从句，what 在从句做主语。

12. I know you're planning to travel this summer, but do you know ____?
A. how much cost it will be
B. how much has it cost
C. how much it will cost
D. how much will it cost
黄仪贤t5a19
解释：know后跟随宾语从句，应该选择陈述语序。

ABD选项语序不符，所以直接选择C
选项。

Test 6
名词性从句（同位语从句）
13．In 1900, the place where he had been buried was finally discovered, marked only by___, with even a simple stone.
∙the 61 number
∙the number 61st
∙the number 61
∙ a 61-number
用英文填写地址等,都是n+基数，有一下范例：
201房：Room 201
2单元：Unit 2
3号楼：Building No.3
T6A19 林钰雯
Test 7
14．Roger suggested that they＿some sausages for supper.
∙might have
∙could have
∙had
∙have
方玉莹T7A11
解释:书本P181中提到用于表示命令、决定、建议等词语之后的that从句中用be-型虚拟式：should ﹢V原形或省略should。

其中一种用法用在decide，demand，move（提议），suggest等的动词后。

题目的宾语从句中动词suggest表建议所以从句要用should+V原形，因为可以省略should，所以选D
15．It was proposed that Longfellow, a famous American poet, ____Europe for the purpose of preparing himself for the position.
A. visited
B. would visit
C. visit
D. had visited
方玉莹T7A27
解释：书本P181中提到用于表示命令、决定、建议等词语之后的that从句中用be-型虚拟式：should ﹢V原形或省略should。

其中一种用法用在advisable，appropriate，desirable，essential，proper，proposed等的形容词后。

题目中主语从句中的proposed是被提议的意思，所以用be –型虚拟式：should﹢V原形或省略should，排除ABD,所以选C.
16．She hadn't revealed her true destination ____that her mother would stop her going.
A. for
B. for fear
C. unless
D. because
方玉莹T7A28
解释：直接排除C,D。

通常unless和because后面不加that。

For表原因的时候通常+N词/
Ving,或者直接加一个从句不加that，所以不选A. for fear that的意思是以防万一，从句的内容是不想出现的内容。

整句话的意思是她还没有透露她真实的目的地生怕她妈妈来阻止她。

所以选B.
Test 8
17．The politician urged that all citizens ____to the polls（投票处）on election day.
A. goes
B. go
C. must go
D. Went
蓝婉铓T8A8
解释：“ that all citizens ____to the polls（投票处）on election day.”是一句宾语从句。

urge（强烈要求）后的宾语从句中要用should do 表示虚拟语气，should可以省略。

所以选B.
Test 9
18．What ____if I had been asked to join, I cannot tell.
A. should I have done
B. should I do
C. I should do
D. I should have done
易芝茵T9A4
解释：
正常语序：I can’t tell what I should have done if I had been asked to join.
如果我当时被邀请加入的话，我真不知道当时我该怎么办。

(宾语从句的倒装句) 虚拟语气。

首先判断句子是宾语从句，因此句子的语序要用陈述句的形式，排除A.B，分析得出正确语序后进而判断是虚拟语气（had been asked），因此选D
19．I shall give one dollar to ____comes first.
A. whom
B. whomever
C. who
D. whoever介词宾语从句（做主语）
易芝茵T9A26
解释：句意：无论是谁来第一，我会给一美元；因此排除了A,C;whomever是在从句中主要充当宾语的 whoever是主语这个句子里面 come first缺的是主语不是宾语所以是whoever而不是whomever
例如：I will love you no matter whomever you love.
20. I am pleased with what you have given me and ____you have told me.
A. that
B. all that (what)
C. all what
D. Which
易芝茵T9A27
解释：“with”后面跟的是由and连接的两个并列的宾语从句，这两个从句，同时做
“with”的宾语，处于并列地位，在语法上面无先后之分，但是先后排列顺序可能
会受到具体语境的影响，本题不予考虑。

既然是并列关系的两个从句就要求形式
上面也相似，而all that 等于what。

订正：其实不是两个并列的宾语从句啦，第一个是从句是宾语从句，第二个是all
做宾语，其后是that引导的定语从句，that在从句作宾语，其实也可以省略that。

这句是宾语从句，宾语从句中that不做任何成分，you have told me.这句话成份残缺
因此不能选A；排除D，前面没有给出选择
因此答案选B
改正：you have told me.缺少直接宾语，that在宾语从句中不做成分，排除A。

all后面引导的是定语从句，关系代词只能用that，因此排除了C。

D选项缺少先行词
Test 10
Section A:
21. Such an explanation fails to account for how ____.
A. does the brain originate thought
B. the brain does originate thought
C. the brain originates thought
D. thought the brain originates
叶春妙T10A7 答案：C how引导的宾语从句作介词for的宾语，宾语从句用陈述语序。

AD
不是陈述语序错，B不需要助动词does，因为根据句意它不是强调，B错。

22. He commanded that she ____ from everything that had happened since he had departed from
Bughdad.
A. must tell
B. might tell
C. shall tell
D. Tell
叶春妙T10A12 答案：D 课本中181中讲到command意为命令，当表示命令，决定，建议（decide, require, suggest command)等词语之后的宾语从句用虚拟语气(should) do should 可以省略。

因此A B C都不对。

23. We ____we are to have the benefit of your criticism.
A. welcome what
B. welcome that
C. welcome it that
D. welcome it
叶春妙T10A22 答案：C welcome后面一般不接从句，B错，A中连接词错误，从句中不缺少成分，所以用that，D没有连接词，都错。

it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的从句。

(欢迎批评，我们会从中获益。

)
24. How strange ___!
A. that the children are so quiet is
B. that the children so quiet are
C. is the children are so quiet
D. it is that the children are so quiet
叶春妙T10A25 答案：D 学生在教室里如此安静是多么的奇怪啊!根据句意可知此处为形式主语，真正主语为the students are so quiet并且意思完整, 故用连接词that引导。

感叹句
应用陈述语序，故C错，AB均缺少形式主语。

Test 11
25.“Do you think_____I should attend the meeting?”she asked me.
A.whether
B.if
C.how
D.that
黎清怡T11A17
解释：think后跟宾语从句I should attend the meeting，从句中I作主语，should attend作谓语，the meeting作宾语，从句句子结构完整，所以不需要增加其他句子成分，排除C选项。

D选项that作为名词性从句中的从属连词，在宾语从句中不做成分，选D选项。

A B选项有“是否”的含义，整个句子的意思是“你认为我应该参加这个会议吗？”已包含“是否”的含义，所以也排除A B 选项。

Test 12
26 We had hoped the game, but the other team played very well.
A.State University to win
B.that State University win
C.that State University would win
D.State University’s winning
彭媛T12 A14
解析：该句缺少跟在hoped 后面的宾语，可句子本身便有谓语，所以可以判定所缺内容是从句，而且跟在动词后面，所以为宾语从句。

从句要有谓语，所以可以排除A、C .而hoped 需要用虚拟语气，但B 不是虚拟语气，所以可以的出答案为C。

C答案句式为sth+would do 符合虚拟语气，且有完整的主谓语，便可更加肯定答案为C.
Test 13
27．_____is none of your business.
A. She spends her time
B. Where does she spends her time
C. Where she spends her time
D. It is where she spends her time
李淑贤T13SA9
解释：这个句子缺少了一个主语，因此，属于名词性从句中的主语从句。

书本348页，该句子是由连接副词where引导的主语从句，where在从句中做状语。

A选项缺少了连接词，不选；D选项应改为It is none of your business where she spends her time.由it作形式主语引导从句。

28. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through____ the savings can reach those___ need finance.
A. that…who
B. which…who
C. whom…that
D. what…that
李淑贤T13SA15
解释：这个句子包含了两个从句，定语从句和宾语从句。

Which通常指物，that通常指人，而题目中的channel是物，所以用which；后面的句子是由who引导的宾语从句，所以选B。

29. I don’t know
A. how you can do a crossword and spend all evening
B. how can you spend all evening for doing a crossword puzzle
C. however can you spend all evening for doing a crossword puzzle
D. how you can spend all evening doing a crossword puzzle
李淑贤T13SA25
解释：该句子缺少一个宾语，因此是宾语从句。

宾语从句要用陈述语序，即连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分，A选项不合题意，B,C选项都不是陈述语序，D选项符合陈述语序，因此选D
Test 14
30____that the hope for cancer control may lie in the use of a vaccine.
A. To believe
B. It is believed
C. Believing
D. The belief
解释：此句为一个由that引导的主语从句。

其中it 是作为形式主语，其结构为it be +形容词
+that从句，主语是“the hope for cancer control may lie in the use of a vaccine”，所以选B
T14 A26 林文珠
31. The reason I didn't go to France was ____a new job.
A. because I got
B. because of getting
C. due to
D. that I got
解释：此句是一个主系表结构，主语是“the reason I didn't go to France”，表语由“I got a new job”
句子充当，因此该句为一个表语从句，由连词that 连接，排除A、B、C选项，所以选D
T14 A27 林文珠
Test 15
32.We believe that younger generation will prove C our trust.（宾语从句）
A.worth of
B.worthless
C.worthy of
D.worthy
解析：我们相信年轻一代不会辜负我们的信任。

“worthy”在句中作表语，常与of连用，所以选C。

Worth作表语时后接名词或动名词的主动形式，排除A;B项不符合句意;D项中“worthy”缺乏of链接。

黎振
33. Mary asked whether I thought that it would rain tomorrow, and I said that ____.
A. it was obvious so
B. it appears so
C. I hope so
D. it seemed so
解释：这个句子是个宾语从句。

宾语从句表示预测，猜测。

所以that后面应该跟猜测语气一致。

首先I said that 用了过去式，所以根据事态一致，B、C是错的（语法书P128）。

根据题目意思：玛丽问我我是否觉得明天会下雨，我说__ , A表达的是（我已知道事实）肯定语气，所以不对。

所以，应该选D。

T10A16 李艳清
34.The Consumer Price Index lists ____.
A. how much costs every car
B. how much does every car cost
C. how much every car costs
D. how much are every car cost
彭媛T12 A17
解析：根据书本P348 名词性从句作宾语部分
例句：We never doubt that he is honest. 从句部分是主
+谓+宾的陈述句形式。

所以，可以得出题目中的C项为陈述句语序，其他三项都为
疑问句语序，所以不选。

所以可知答案为C
35. ____will not even be noticed. 我能做的这点点事是不会被注意到的。

A. What I can do little
B. Little can I do
C. The little of which I can do
D. The little / that I can do
The little / that I can do作句子主语，根据书本P69 The little可用作不定代词，所以用that引导，
这与句型“All that I have is money.”是一样的。

林凤玲Test 13 A16
36. Jane will not lend you the book because she is fearful ____you will forget to return it.
A. if
B. whether
C. that
D. as
先行词fearful 在句子中充当表语，先行词为表语时，只能用that引导，并且that可以省略。

林凤玲Test 15 A5
改错题
Test 1
Section B:
1. The group of spectators was dispersed by the police who was (were) at the scene of the accident within minutes.
（driven off被驱散）
成员的具体动作
Police作为集体名词，当集体名词侧重指各个成员而不是一个整体时，它的谓语动词应用复数形式。

陈建辉
2. From the chart shown on page 115, one can easily see how large each country is and how many inhabitants does it have. (it has). （从115页我们可以看到。

）
how 引导宾语从句，用陈述语序
陈建辉
3. The salesman told me that a good set of tires were (was) supposed to last at least twenty thousand miles.
a set of 一套，（车轮应该能开2万英里。

）
当名词由量词修饰时，谓语动词的数取决于量词，这里是a set of ,故谓语动词用单数
陈建辉
4. His father mentioned to me that Robert had written to him requesting money for buying (to buy)
a new car.
to do 做目的状语
陈建辉
5. The food that Betty is cooking in the kitchen is smelling (smells) delicious. 不用进行时态
smell一般用作静态动词，不用进行时态（课本P111-112）
陈建辉
Test 2
6. Edger never told us why was he (why he was)
one hour late for class, did he?
余雨微T2B3
解释：句子中，宾语从句要用陈述语序
7. The librarian insists that Dianna takes (should take) no more books- from' the library before she returns the dictionary she borrowed last month. (Subjunctive mood)
余雨微T2B7
解释：类似insist that……宾语从句中，从句应该用……(should) do sth. 这种形式。

类似的还
有suggest that.
Test 3
Test 4
8.Contrary to that （what）I had expected, he lost for a second time.
Test 4 B12 陈咏雯
解释：根据书本P349,页，名词性分句作介词补足成分，如：Before I came downstairs I had prepared myself very carefully for what I must say.因此to后作介词补足成分，而其又缺少主语，因此将that 改为what。

Test 5
9. Until he came to the United States to study, he didn't know to cook (how to cook).
黄仪贤t5b3
解释：know其后一般不直接跟不定式，但在以下情况可接不定式：
(1)后接“疑问词（why 除外）+不定式”。

如：
I didn’t know what to say. 我不知道说什么。

We don’t know when to start. 我们不知道什么时候出发。

他会弹钢琴。

误：He knows to play the piano.
正：He knows how to play the piano.
Test 6
Test 7
Test 8
Test 9
10.I don't know as(whether) you can recognize her from here, but the girl reading the magazine is Mary。

if
易芝茵T9B12
解释：这是一句宾语从句，连接词中并没有as。

因此有错误
11.He will not lend you the book because he is fearful if (that) you will forget to return it.
易芝茵T9B13
解释：句意是他不会借书给你因为他害怕你会忘记还书。

因此后面fearful的内容是肯定的，if的错误的
12.Manslaughter is where (when) a person is killed unlawfully but without premeditation.
易芝茵T9B18
解释：句意是过失杀人是指在没有预谋的前提下，一个人被触犯法律杀害。

这是一句表语从句，由句意我们得出where引导下的句子是不对的
Test 10
13. We all know how (what) the body world is lik e because we live in it.
解释：首先这是个宾语从句→We all know 后面接的是宾语从句；because后面引导原因状语从句。

How the body world is like 是倒装语序，正确语序是the body world is like sth. 此处like 是介词，缺宾语，而宾语一般是名词或动名词。

而how 是作为连词和副词意思是“怎样”，作名词的意思是“方式”，根据此句子中文意思“我们都知道这个世界是什么样子。

”因此how在这里用是不对的。

Like后面缺宾语且根据中文意思how这里应该换成what。

Live in 是个固定搭配。

李艳清T10 B6
Test 11
14.Fox was advised to give the assignment to whomever(whoever)he believed had a strong s ense of responsibility,and the courage of his conviction.
黎清怡T11B15
解释：该句子中有三层结构。

第一层结构是主句
Fox was advised to give the assignment to whoever；第二层结构是斜体部分的宾语从句充当直
接宾语；第三次结构是he believed作whoever的定语。

所以根据句子结构，在宾语从句中，主语应该用whoever,而whomever是作宾语用。

订正：he believed是插入语，to 后是宾语从句，从句缺少主语，故应用whoever 。

Test 12
15.Who knows the name of this song will receive a prize from the station.
答案：把who 改为whoever
彭媛T12 B8
解析：whoever 有两个用法：
（1）作连接代词，引导名词性从句，解析为“任何一个xx 的人”= anyone who，没有疑问语气
（2）作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意思是“无论、不管是谁”= no matter who
Who 的用法有三种：
1)作连接代词，引导名词性从句，意为“谁”含有疑问的语气
2)作疑问代词，引导特殊疑问句，意思同上
3)作关系代词，引导定语从句。

而题目中缺少的是主语，然而是陈述的表达方式，并没有疑问意思的存在，所以要把who 改为
whoever，表示任何人都行。

Test 13
16. Whom do you believe is not about to pay compliments to our political leaders or to the draft board?
Who
李淑贤T13SB7
解释：该句子是属于主语从句，who与whom在句中所充当的成分不同，who既可以做主语，又可以做宾语，而whom只能做宾语。

在这个句子中，who do you believe是做主语成分，因此，只能用who而不用whom。

Test 14
Test 15
17.She had hoped that she graduate (would graduate)this term,but she couldn’t finish her thesis in time.(宾语从句）
解析：had hoped后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，通常用would+动词原形，表示过去未能实现的愿望，所以graduate应改成would graduate
黎振
18.She claims that,in her opinions,neither the girl nor I are(am)to blame.宾语从句
解析：根据就近原则，neither...nor...中最靠近谓语动词的主语是I,所以动词用am
黎振
19.It’s very obvious that his parents disapprove of him(his)learning to fly at such an early age.（主语从句）
解析：该句考察动名词的复合结构用法。

动名词的复合结构his learning 作介词of的宾语，当动名词前有它的逻辑主语时，要用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格形式，所以him应改成his。

黎振
20.Whoever has skills and knowledge should be treated and rewarded properly regardless to(of)his
educational background.（主语从句）
解析：regardless of 为固定搭配。

黎振
21.It’s essential that all applications and transcripts are filed (be filed)no later than July 1st.（主语从
句）
解析：参考课文181页，be型虚拟式中，如果动词为被动态，则助动词be一律用原形，所以are filed
应该为be filed。

黎振
22.We felt that despite all its(our)efforts we had made no real progress toward a just and equitable peace.（宾语从句）
解析：由句中主语we可知its应该为our。

黎振
23.I was told that Professor Li worked till late last night,but(or) rather,early this morning.(宾语从句）
解析：”or rather”为固定搭配，意为“更确切地说，更确实地”。

黎振
补充内容
Test 7
24．During the American War of Independence, women were involved to (involved in) the active Fighting in three ways.
解释：the American War 译为美国战争，是个专有名词，著名战争前须加定冠词the; 因为be involved in 是个固定搭配，所以be involved to是错的；动词fight 加-ing 变为动名词，译为战争，且前面是active 形容词→修饰名词，所以这样使用正确；three ways 译为三种方式，二或二以上，可数名词用复数。

T7B4 李艳清
因为be involved in 是个固定搭配，所以be involved to是错的。