英语平行结构和比较结构

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英语平行结构和比较结构 Parallelism & Comparison
英语平行结构和比较结构
一、平行结构, 即并列结构:由并列连词连 接两个或两个以上对等的语言成分构成。
• 连词是一种虚词, 它不能独立担任句子成 分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句 与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类:并列 连词和从属连词。
• Hurry up, or we’ll be late.
• Have one more try, or you won’t be successful.
• Either he didn’t speak clearly or you didn’t hear well.
英语平行结构和比较结构
三、表示转折和对比意义的并列连词
分必须在结构上等同。不能连接句子。 • The new tax policy benefits both workers and
farmers. • Bothe she and I are interested in English
literature.
英语平行结构和比较结构
• 3. not only…but (also)…不仅……而且…… • not only…but…as well不仅……而且……也 • as well as和 • …and…as well和 • * not only…but (also)…结构侧重在后者,而
英语平行结构和比较结构
• 常见的并列连词有: 1、表递进关系:and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, not… but… 2. 选择关系:or,either…or…, otherwise,
whether...or 3. 转折对比关系: but, yet, whereas, while, still 4. 因果关系:so, for 5. 并列关系:and, when
had to be postponed. • He must have done something wrong, for the
head teacher called him to the office. • *so不能与because同时出现在同一句中。
For从句主要是对前面的句子作出解释或进 行推断,因此for引导的句子不能用于句首。
英语平行结构和比较结构
二、表示选择关系的连词
• 1. neither A nor B • 这一结构表示否定意义,若连接两个句子
可以采用倒装形式。 • Einstein cared for neither money nor fame.
You can neither take it out nor photocopy it. • *在否定结构中通常用or连接两个并列成分。 • You can never take it out or photocopy it.
as well as侧重在前者。
• Not only George but also his wife did a lot for us.
• It is said that he can fly a plane as well as drive a car.
• She can play pop music and classical music as well.
wenku.baidu.com• but(但是),yet(然而),while(而,却) 等
• After a busy day, I felt tired but happy. • Difficulties will arise in the course of reforming,
but we will certainly overcome them. • He was not feeling well, yet he kept on until it
英语平行结构和比较结构
一、表示平行、递进关系的连词
• 1. A and B • And连接两个并列成分。and也常位于句首,
使上下文联系更紧密。 • The fabric is light and strong. • I like reading and fishing in my spare time. This
was done. • China is rich in natural resources, while Japan
is poor.
英语平行结构和比较结构
四、表示因果关系的并列连词
• so(因此,所以),for(因为) • Many directors were absent, so the meeting
model of the computer is powerful, and the price is competitive. • It was a severe winter. And we had not enough food for ourselves.
英语平行结构和比较结构
• 2. both A and B • 这一结构是and的强化形式,连接的两个成
英语平行结构和比较结构
1. Tom is tall _w_h_il_e _____ his brother is short. 2. She got up early,_b_u_t _____ she failed to be
• 并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。 • 从属连词用来引导名词从句和各类的状语
从句。
英语平行结构和比较结构
并列结构的连接手段
• 1)并列连词 • 2)标点符号 • 3)并列结构的插入语 • 在最后一个项目之前插入一个词语,使这
个项目处于更加突出的地位。 • 4)并列结构的对称组合 • 成对组合的办法使整个结构更加紧凑。
英语平行结构和比较结构
• 2. or或者,大约,否则,不然 • either…or…或者…….或者……,不是……就
是……(either…or…结构是or的强化形式)
• Do you stay at home alone or go to theatre with me?
• You’ll have to wait one or two days before you know the result.
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