九年级英语unit6导学案 (2)

九年级英语unit 6导学案
重要短语：
1. shoes with special heels 特殊后跟的鞋子
2. hot ice-cream scoop热的冰其淋勺子
3. run on electricity 电动的
4. be used for 被用作
5. the subject for my school project学校项目的课题
6. our daily lives 我们的日常生活
7. have a point有点道理
8. by mistake 错误地9. by accident偶然，意外地
10. a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong一位叫神农的中国统治者
11. over the open fire在火堆上12. fall into the water 落入水中
13. make tea 泡茶14. take place 发生
15. without doubt毫无疑问16. the saint of tea茶圣
17. at a low price 以一个很低的价格18. take these photos 拍这些照片
19. go out alone 单独外出20. all of sudden突然
21. translate the book into different language 把书翻译成不同种的语言
22. work on 从事，进行23. a much-loved and active sport一个深受喜爱并且积极的运动24. divide…into把…分开25. work together配合，合作
26. at the same time同时27.stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
28. dream of doing sth梦想做某事29. look up to钦佩，仰慕
30. the professional basketball groups职业篮球机构
31. decide on决定，判定32. come up with想到，想起
33. lead to导致34. use someone else’s idea借用其他人的想法
语法知识：
一、一般过去时的被动语态的概念及构成
一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作，由“主语+ was / were + 及物动词的过去分词+ by + 动作执行者”构成.
This bridge was built in October last year. 这座桥是去年十月份建的。

These cakes were made by my mother last night. 这些蛋糕是我妈妈昨天晚上做的。

The girl said she was often beaten by her brother. 女孩说她经常被她兄弟打。

二、一般过去时的被动语态句型的变换方法
一般过去时被动语态句型变换应围绕was, were进行，否定形式应在其后加not, 一般疑问句形式应将其提至句首，特殊疑问句形式应将一般疑问句置于特殊疑问词后面，反意疑问句形式应保留was / were。

如：
His computer was not stolen by thieves last night. 他的电脑昨天晚上没有被小偷偷走。

Was your homework finished in time yesterday evening? 昨天晚上你及时完成家庭作业了吗？When was your letter written? The day before yesterday? 你的信是什么时候写的？前天吗？三、一般过去时的被动语态疑问句的回答方法
一般过去时的被动语态的一般疑问句形式肯定回答用“Yes, ... was / were.”，否定回答用“No, ... wasn’t / weren’t.”; 特殊疑问句应抓住特殊疑问词进行回答，可用简略方法，也可用完整方法; 反意疑问句也应用“Yes, ... was / were.”或“No, ... wasn’t / weren’t.”进行回答。

如：
—Was your office cleaned yesterday afternoon? 你的办公室昨天下午打扫了吗？
—Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 是的，打扫了。

/ 不，没有打扫。

—Were your rooms painted again last week? 你的房间上周重新粉刷了吗？
—Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t. 是的，重新粉刷了。

/ 不，没有重新粉刷。

—When was your brother sent to work in Beijing? 你兄弟是什么时候被派到北京去工作的？—Last year. / He was sent to work in Beijing last year. 去年。

/ 他是去年被派到北京工作的。

词句讲解：
invent (v.)发明；创造
invent指发明创造出自然界本来不存在的东西，如工具、方法、手段、汽车、电器、合成材料等。

Bell invented the telephone. 贝尔发明了电话。

Smith invented a new teaching method. 史密斯发明了一种新的教学方法。

【横向辐射】discover, find, create
1.discover是“发现”的意思，是指发现原来就有而一直没被发现，
如发现电、煤、石油等矿藏及新星、星系或科学真理等。

Columbus discovered America in 1492.1492年哥伦布发现了新大陆。

Recently they have discovered a comet. 最近他们发现了一颗彗星。

2.find的意思是“寻找”，强调找的结果，并不指发现。

I've tried to find another copy but couldn't find one. 我试图再找一本，但
没能弄到。

X k B 1 . c o m
3.create指有目的地把原材料制成新产品，也指创造出原来不存在的
或与众不同的事物。

Man creates himself. 人类创造了自己。

A novelist creates characters and a plot. 小说家塑造人物并设计情节。

【课堂变式】
根据语境提示，用invent, discover，find或create的形式填空，完成
句子。

1.When _____ the stream engine（蒸汽机）___?
2.I can’t ____ my bike, I’m looking for it.
3. Scientists are now trying to ___ if this is possible.
4. Do you know who______ the plane？
5. He ____quite a number of wonderful characters in his play.
【解析】I.1.was, invented 2.find 3.discover 4.invented 5. created
be used for 用来做……
此短语中的for是介词，表示用途，后接名词或动词-ing形式。

An orange is used for medicine. 桔子可以入药。

A pen is used for writing. 钢笔用来写字。

【横向辐射】be used as & be used by
1.be used as 意为“被用作……”，介词as表示“作为”，其后一般接
名词，强调使用的工具及手段。

【例句】
English is used as the second language in many countries. 英语在许多国
家被当作第二语言使用。

This room is used as their office. 这人房间被用作他们的办公室。

2.be used by 意为“被……使用”，介词by后面接动作的执行者（宾语）。

【例句】
English is used by travelers and business people all over the world. 全世界的旅行者和商人们使用英语。

Tractors are used by the farmers. 农民使用拖拉机。

【课堂变式】
1. 在中国英语作为外语来使用。

__________________________________
2.教师用粉笔。

__________________________________
3.毛衣是用来保暖的。

__________________________________
【解析】1. English is used as a foreign language in China.
2. Chalk is used by teachers.
3.A sweater is used for keeping warm.
pleasure n. 高兴，愉快；
常用于口语中；it’s my pleasure. With pleasure.
It’s my pleasure to help you look after your pet cat.
我感到很荣幸帮你照看你的宠物猫。

【课堂变式】
（1）根据句意，用pleasant, pleased或pleasure填空。

1.I had a ___ time.
2.He will be ___ to help you.
3.Reading gives me great ___.
4.It gives me ___to see you looking happy.
5.We spent a ___ day in the country.
【解析】1.pleasant 2.pleased 3. pleasure 4.pleasure 5. pleasant
（2）I think it is impossible to make everyone______.
A. please
B. pleased
C. pleasant
D. pleasure
【解析】由句意可知，要让每个人高兴是不可能的。

pleased表示“高
兴的，喜欢的”; 故选B。

remain (v.) 保持；剩余；残余
remain意为“停留，留下”，相当于stay。

“呆在那里”可以说remain / stay there，但“呆在家里”只能说stay (at) home。

She remains in the house all these days. 她这些天一直呆在那栋房子里。

They all wished us to remain. 他们都希望我们留下来。

【横向辐射】remain作连系动词
remain用作连系动词，意为“保持(某种状态)，继续存在，仍旧是”，
后面接形容词，名词，分词，不定式或介词短语。

【例句】
She remained sitting when they came in．他们进来时，她仍然坐着(没
有站起来)。

Peter became a manager but John remained a worker. 彼得当上了经理,
但约翰仍然是一个工人。

Whatever great progress you have made, you should remain modest. 无
论你取得了多么大的进步,你都应一直保持谦虚。

This remains to be proved. 这有待证实。

(将来被动动作)
Whether it will do us good remains to be seen. 这是否对我们有好处,还
要看一看。

【课堂变式】
The leaves ____in the water for a long time.
A. came
B. remained
C. lived
D. arrived
【解析】根据for a long time可知是指树叶在水中停留了很长时间，
正确答案是B。

by accident偶然地；意外地
He made this mistake by accident.他犯这个错误纯属偶然。

【课堂变式】
She found her keys _____when she cleaned her room after she lost them
two weeks ago.
A. with mistake
B. in this way
C. by accident
D. with pleasure
【解析】由when she cleaned her room after she lost them two weeks ago
可知她是偶然地找到了她丢失的钥匙，正确答案是C。

In this way, you will find the answer to this question.
用这种方法，你可以找到这个问题的答案。

知识拓展
way主要有以下几种用法：
◎表示“方法”，接不定式，...way to do sth这一结构等于...way of doing sth。

Scientists are trying to find ways to prevent(of preventing) disease.
科学家们正在寻找预防疾病的方法。

There are many ways of traveling(to travel), for example, by air.
旅行有许多方式，例如乘飞机。

◎表示“路途”，“路线”，常构成on one’s/the way to...“在……的途中”。

在这一结构中，介词to表示方向，后接名词。

如果后面接地点副词如here, there, home时则不用to。

I’m on my way home.我正在回家的路上。

She’s on her way to see the film.她正在去看电影的路上。

◎表示“方向”。

Look this way.看这边。

Go that way.往那边走。

◎表示“距离”，“路程”。

Beijing is a long way from here.北京离这里很远。

In England, tea didn’t appear until around 1660.在英国，茶直到1660年才出现。

此句是由until引导的时间状语从句。

not.. until 意为“只到…才…”。

She didn’t leave until I felt better.只到我感觉好点了，她才离开。

【横向辐射】until的用法
until常用作介词或连词，用来引导介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状
语。

1. 在肯定句中，until与延续性、持续性动词连用，表示“直到……为
止”。

I worked until late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下午很晚的时候。

2. 在否定句中，until常与瞬间动词、短暂性动词连用，表示“直到……
才……”，“不到……不……”。

The rain didn’t stop until midnight. 雨直到半夜才停。

I won’t leave until you promise to help me. 你不答应帮助我，我不会离
开。

【课堂变式】
—How was your climbing Mount. Huang?
—I didn’t believe I could do it ______I got to the top.
A. until while C. after D. and
【解析】考查连词用法。

not…until…直到……才……。

根据句意“直
到我爬到山顶我才相信我能做到”可知选A。

by mistake 错误地
by mistake 是介词短语，意为“错误地；无意地；不小心地”，指由于错误的判断而千百万的失误，常在句中作状语。

I took your bag instead of mine by mistake. 我错拿了你的手提包，还以为是我的呢。

Susan forgot her key and locked herself out by mistake. 苏珊忘了带钥匙，误把自己关在门外了。

【横向辐射】mistake...for…
mistake...for…把……错认为, 错把……当作
She mistook him for the professor.她把他错当作教授了。

【课堂变式】
—I’m sorry I’ve taken your dictionary ____ because they have the same
colour.
—It doesn’t matter.
A. at once
B. by mistake
C. in general
D. as well
【解析】由because they have the same colour可知是错拿了词典，正
确答案是B。

George wanted to make the customer happy. 乔治想让顾客开心。

句中的make意为“使得”，happy是形容词，作宾语you的补足语，对宾语起补充说明作用，常用的结构为“make＋名词/代词＋形容词”。

The bad news makes her sad. 那个坏消息使得她伤心不已。

A boy broke the window. It made the headmaster angry. 一个孩子打碎了玻璃。

这使得校长很生气。

【温馨提示】
当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。

I made it a condition that everybody must be on time. 我提出一个条件，人人都要准时。

The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。

【横向辐射】make的其他相关句式
1.“make＋宾语＋n”意为‘使/让某人/ 某物(成为)……”。

【例句】
We made him captain of our football team. 我们推选他作我们足球队队
长。

We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。

2.“make＋宾语＋do sth”意为“使某人做某事”。

在被动语态中，
此类结构中省略的动词不定式to 要还原。

【例句】
Our teacher makes us feel more confident. 老师使得我们感到更自信
了。

The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 这个男孩被迫每天干十
二个小时的活。

divide (v.) 分开；划分
divide …into 意为“把……划分为……”，be divided into 意为“划分为”。

This class is too large; we shall have to divide it for oral practice.这个班级太大,我们必须把它分
成小班作口语练习。

This river divides at its mouth. 这条河在河口处分岔。

His lecture divides into three parts.他的演讲分三部分。

Let's divide ourselves into several groups. 我们分成几个小组吧。

【课堂变式】
We have d____ ourselves into three groups since this term.
【解析】自从本学期开始就已经把我们自己分成了三个组。

have在此
是助动词，空格处要填过去分词，再根据divide …into…确定填
divided。

It is believed that the first basketball game in history was played on December 21st, 1891,. 人们认为1891年12月21日是历史上的第一次篮球比赛的日子。

本句中的It is believed that... 相当于people believe that...是“人们相信/认为“的意思，that 引导的是主语从句。

It is believed that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.(=People believe that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.)人们都认为到2010年，世界人口将达到七十亿。

【横向辐射】类似的结构：
It is reported that… 据报道……
It is supposed/thought that… 人们认为……
It’s known that…众所周知……
【课堂变式】
我不知道这所学校，但据说是非常好的一所学校。

I don’t know the school, but _____it is quite a good one.
【解析】it is said that
巩固练习题：
一．单项选择：
( )1. —Michael Jackson was called the king of pop, wasn’t he?2-1-c-n-j-y
— Of course. He by people all over the world.【出处：21教育
A. was looked up
B. was looked up to
C. looked up
D. looked up to
( )2. — Was table tennis invented by the Chinese?
— No. It in China until the start of the 20th century.
A. played
B. was played
C. didn’t play
D. wasn’t played
( )3. — Do you know in ancient China?
— I have no idea. But I know people once used tree leaves to make paper.
A. how paper was made
B. how was paper made
C. what paper was made
D. what was paper made
( )4.[2013·陕西] The mobile phone has influenced people's life a lot since it________.
A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented
( )5.[2013·淮安] Many people do not realize the importance of health________ they have fallen ill.
A．until B．while C．when D．after
( )6.[2013·孝感] —Dad, why must I stop________ computer games?—For your health, my
boy.
A．play B．to play C．to playing D．playing
( )7.[2013·北京] Flowers_____ along the road last year.
A．plant B．planted C．are planted D．were planted
( )8.[2013·泰州] —Frog, Mo Yan's latest novel, please!—Sorry, it________ just now. But it will come out again soon.
A．sold out B．is sold out C．has sold out D．was sold out
( )9.[2013·雅安] —Who designed this game?—It________ by Tom in 1999.
A．is designed B．designs C．was designed D．designed
( )10.[2013·临沂] —Do you know Earth Day?—Sure. It________ in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.
A．sets up B．set up C．is set up D．was set up
( )11.[2013·衢州] Lots of food and water ______to Ya'an, Sichuan Province immediately after the earthquake happened.
A．were sent B．are sent C．send D．sent
( )12.[2013·台州] —You bought a new car! An American car?
—No. A Chinese car. It________ in Taizhou.
A．makes B．made C．was made D．will be made
( )13.[2013·江西] The Chinese writer has got lots of fans in France. His new book _____into French as soon as it came out.
A．was translated B．translated C．is translated D．translates ( )14.[2013·苏州] —Have you heard about that car accident near the school?
—Yes, luckily no one________．
A．hurt B．was hurt C．has hurt D．were hurt
( )15.[2013·广东] It________ last week that the haze (雾霾) in Beijing caused many
problems.
A．reports B．reported C．is reported D．was reported
二．根据汉语提示完成句子。

1. I found the key __________ (偶然) when I was cleaning the house.
2. The May 4 Movement ___________（发生）in Beijing in 1919.
3. He’ll succeed ____________ (毫无疑问) this time.
4. ________ (据说) Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.
5. Tea _________________(被带到) Korea and Japan during 6th and 7th centuries.
6. The __________ (Canada) song Alouette(百灵鸟) is a fun song about a bird.
7. They ____________ (invite) to take part in the May Day celebrations in Beijing.
8. The ___________ (popular) of private cars is changing the people’s life style.
9. When the bill ____________ (bring) to him, he was such surprised.
10. They gave their lives for their country and were honored as ________ (hero).
11. We ___________ (divide) into eight groups by our teacher last week.
三．完成句子
1.汽车是什么时候发明的？它是在1885年被发明的。

When _________ the car________? It _____ _____ _____1885.
2. 带灯的鞋子是什么时候发明的？是去年发明的。

When ________shoes with lights ______? They _____ _____last year.
3. 他们是谁发明的。

是朱丽.汤普森发明的。

_____ were they ____ _____? They were _____ ____Julie Thompson.
4. 他们是用来做什么的？是用来在黑暗中视物的。

What are they ____ ____? They’re used _____ _____ in the dark.
5.顾客最后终于高兴了。

The customer was happy ____ ____ ____. .
6.这个顾客说这个薯条不够脆。

The customer said that the potato chips weren’t ____ ____ . .。