独立主格结构详解
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独立主格结构： Upon entering the room inside, the tailor was terrified to find out that he was to sew the pieces of a body together. Having no other choice, he set to work on the task, his face covered with sweat. 走进里屋，那个裁缝才惊恐地发觉他得把几段尸体缝 合起来。没有办法，他只得去干这活儿。他的脸上布满了 汗珠。
1
句子的主语是he, 而分词所表示的动作的逻辑主语 却不是he, 而是his face.如果分词的逻辑主语和句子的主 语不同，但是又需要把分词所表示的动作的执行者或者 承受者清楚地表达出来，就得把这个分词的逻辑主语放 在分词之前。这种“分词逻辑主语+分词”的结构就是 英语语法中的分词独立结构。
2
After he had finished, Morgiana took him back to his home with his eyes covered with a piece of black cloth. 裁缝干完活之后， 摩吉娜把他蒙着眼带回了家。
5
The robbers came back to the cave the following morning, with terror beaming from their eyes. The four pieces were gone.
强盗们于次日早晨回到了山洞，他们的眼中流露出 恐惧之色。被切成四段的尸体不见了。
分词独立结构也可以用with来引导。这句with his eyes covered with a piece of black cloth 就是属于这 种情形。
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
3
This done and the body clothed, a notice was given to the neighbours and friends: “Cassim died of a sudden illness. Whether permitting, the last services will be performed tomorrow.” 此事做完，尸体被穿上衣服后，他们给邻居和朋友 们发出了一份通知：“卡西姆死于急病。如果天气允许， 最后的仪式将在明日举行。” This done and the body clothed 是用过去分词表示 的分词独立结构。 Whether permitting是用现在分词表 示的分词独立结构。
6
4
Things thus having been arranged, there was nothing left to do but wait. 事情就这么定了下来。这时，除了等待，没什么事可做了。
Things thus having been arranged 也是一个分词独立结 构，只是用的是分词的完成被动式。
1
句子的主语是he, 而分词所表示的动作的逻辑主语 却不是he, 而是his face.如果分词的逻辑主语和句子的主 语不同，但是又需要把分词所表示的动作的执行者或者 承受者清楚地表达出来，就得把这个分词的逻辑主语放 在分词之前。这种“分词逻辑主语+分词”的结构就是 英语语法中的分词独立结构。
2
After he had finished, Morgiana took him back to his home with his eyes covered with a piece of black cloth. 裁缝干完活之后， 摩吉娜把他蒙着眼带回了家。
5
The robbers came back to the cave the following morning, with terror beaming from their eyes. The four pieces were gone.
强盗们于次日早晨回到了山洞，他们的眼中流露出 恐惧之色。被切成四段的尸体不见了。
分词独立结构也可以用with来引导。这句with his eyes covered with a piece of black cloth 就是属于这 种情形。
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
3
This done and the body clothed, a notice was given to the neighbours and friends: “Cassim died of a sudden illness. Whether permitting, the last services will be performed tomorrow.” 此事做完，尸体被穿上衣服后，他们给邻居和朋友 们发出了一份通知：“卡西姆死于急病。如果天气允许， 最后的仪式将在明日举行。” This done and the body clothed 是用过去分词表示 的分词独立结构。 Whether permitting是用现在分词表 示的分词独立结构。
6
4
Things thus having been arranged, there was nothing left to do but wait. 事情就这么定了下来。这时，除了等待，没什么事可做了。
Things thus having been arranged 也是一个分词独立结 构，只是用的是分词的完成被动式。