学位英语语法-各种从句
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3. 宾语从句 宾语从句用陈述句的语序
（1）Can you tell me _____ about the city that makes people love it so much? A. it is what B. what it is C. what is it D. is it what （答案：B。宾语从句用陈述句的语序。）（1999 年 47 题） （2）No one doubts _____ it is true. A. whether B. if C. that d. what （答案：C。I doubt whether/if…我怀疑。I don’t doubt that …我毫不怀疑。又如：I doubt whether he can speak English. 我怀疑他是否会说英语。） （1997 年 38 题） 介词后面的宾语从句 （1）The people at the party were worried about Janet because no one was aware _____ she had gone. A. where that B. of where C. of the place D. the place （答案: B。where 引导的从句做介词的宾语。）（1998 年 48 题） （2）He was a man of fine character in all points _____ he was rather timid. A. in that B. except that C. for that D. except for （答案：B）（1997 年 53 题） suggest，insist，order，demand 等动词后作宾语时，表示欲望、建议、命令等时，用虚拟 语气。 （1）His mother insisted that he _____ the coat when going out. A. put on B. puts on C. to put D. putting on （答案：A）（1999 年 58 题） （2）The doctor advised that Mr. Malan _____ an operation right away so as to save his life. A. had B. would have C. have D. was going to have （答案：C）（1998 年 28 题） 练习： 1. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow． A．when does he come B．how will he come C．if he comes D．whether he'll come 答案是 D 2. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help？ A．how did he mend B．what did he mend C．how he mended D．what he mended 答案是 C 3. Do you know where _________ now？ A．he lives B．does he live C．he lived D．did he live 答案是 A 4. 表语从句 在从句中做表语的从句叫表语从句。它位于主句中的系动词之后，常用的关联词和主语从句 相同。 （1）This is what he wants. 这就是他想要的东西。
误：His first question was if Tom had arrived yet.
练习：
1. It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning grey.
A. which B. that C. if D. for
答案是 B
2. _______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
important tasks.
A. would leave B. leave C. left D. have left
（答案：B）（2002 年 48 题）
C. what did the press report D. What the press reported
（答案：D。主语从句，what 在从句中做宾语。）（1998 年 24 题）
It is desirable （suggested, necessary, requested, ordered, proposed, urgent）+that+主语
陈述句的语序。
（1）_____ I saw was two men crossing the street.
A. What B. Whom C. Who D. That （答案：A）（2001 年 38 题）
（2）_____ was not the way the event happened.
A. Which the press reported B. That the press reported
能否赶上末班车。
7）if 不能引导同位语从句。
例题：The question came up at the meeting_____ we had enough money for our research.
A. that
B. which
C. whether D. if（答案是 C）
8）.当宾语从句提到句首时,只能用 whether 引导,而不能用 if.
如： 正：Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell.
误：If it is true or not, I can’t tell.
9）If 不能以引导表语从句
如：正：His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.
2. 主语从句 在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫主语从句。主语从句可以由下列连词、连接 代词和连接副词引导，且不能省略。
连词：that，whether 连接代词：what，whatever，who，whoever 等。 连接副词：when，where，how，why *由连词 that，whether 引导的主语从句。 连词 that，whether 在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句，它在从句中不担任成分，不能 省略，且由它们引导的主语从句，多用 it 做形式主语。 （1）_____ was unimportant. A. Whether he enjoyed our dinner or not B. No matter how he enjoyed our dinner C. If he enjoyed our dinner D. What he enjoyed our dinner （答案：A）（2000 年 40 题） （2）That the earth is round is true.（It is true that the earth is round.） 地球是圆的， 是个事实。 由连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句 它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语和状语，不能省略。注意翻译时不能把它们译为疑问 句。由它们引导的主语从句，也可以用形式主语 it 引导。 （1）Who let out the news remained unknown.（It remained unknown who let out the news.） 谁泄露了那个消息仍旧无人知道。 （2）When we’ll start is not clear.（It is not clear when we’ll start.） 我们何时出发还不清楚。 以关系代词 what, whatever, whoever…引导的主语从句。 What 有时可以用来表示 the thing which 这种意思，引导从句，表示一样东西或一件事 情。Who，whom，which，what，可以和 ever 构成合成词，和 what 一样引导从句，ever 起强调作用。此类句子不能用形式主语 it 引导，它们在句子中担任成份，不能省略，语序为
3）他提出我们能否筹集到必要的资金这个问题。
4）if 不能引导主语从句：Whether they win or lose is all the same to me.
5）他们胜利也好，失败也好，对我来说都是一样的。
6）后面直接跟 or not：I wonder whether I’ll catch the last bus or not. 我不知道我
+should（可省略）+V（动词原形）
例题：It’s urgent that a meeting _____ before the final decision is made.
A. will be arranged B. must be arranged
C. be arranged D. would be arranged （答案是 C）
（2）The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.
问题是我们明天上午能否完成任务。
用 suggestion 等词表示愿望、建议、命令等情绪时，用虚拟语气，从句中用 should（可省
略）+动词原形。
（1）The general’s command was that the soldiers _____ their fort and carry out more
答案是 A
4. ______ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one
aspect.
A. What B. That C. This D. Which
答案是 B
5. _______ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 答案是 B
Whether 和 if 引导名词性从句时的区别：
在下列情况不能用 if , 而用 whether。
1）后跟不定式：He didn’t tell me whether to go or stay. 他没有告诉我是走还是留下。
2）前面有介词：He raised the question of whether we could find the necessary money.
学位英语语法
名词性从句：名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句
1. That 和 what 引导名词性从句时的区别
答题要点：请记住 that 引导名词性从句的时候，只是起到引导作用，不能在 该名词性从句中充当任何成分。What 则不然，它不但起引导作用，而且还 要在该名词性从句中充当一定的成分（比如充当主语或宾语）。 1. ___ he said has nothing to do with me. A. What B. That (答案是 A) 2. ___ he has passed the test really surprises us. A. That B. What (答案是 A)
A. There B. This C. That D. It
答案是 D
3. It matters little _______ a man dies, but _______ matters much is _______ he lives.
A. how; what; how B. how; it; how C. why; it; why D. that; what; that
（1）Can you tell me _____ about the city that makes people love it so much? A. it is what B. what it is C. what is it D. is it what （答案：B。宾语从句用陈述句的语序。）（1999 年 47 题） （2）No one doubts _____ it is true. A. whether B. if C. that d. what （答案：C。I doubt whether/if…我怀疑。I don’t doubt that …我毫不怀疑。又如：I doubt whether he can speak English. 我怀疑他是否会说英语。） （1997 年 38 题） 介词后面的宾语从句 （1）The people at the party were worried about Janet because no one was aware _____ she had gone. A. where that B. of where C. of the place D. the place （答案: B。where 引导的从句做介词的宾语。）（1998 年 48 题） （2）He was a man of fine character in all points _____ he was rather timid. A. in that B. except that C. for that D. except for （答案：B）（1997 年 53 题） suggest，insist，order，demand 等动词后作宾语时，表示欲望、建议、命令等时，用虚拟 语气。 （1）His mother insisted that he _____ the coat when going out. A. put on B. puts on C. to put D. putting on （答案：A）（1999 年 58 题） （2）The doctor advised that Mr. Malan _____ an operation right away so as to save his life. A. had B. would have C. have D. was going to have （答案：C）（1998 年 28 题） 练习： 1. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow． A．when does he come B．how will he come C．if he comes D．whether he'll come 答案是 D 2. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help？ A．how did he mend B．what did he mend C．how he mended D．what he mended 答案是 C 3. Do you know where _________ now？ A．he lives B．does he live C．he lived D．did he live 答案是 A 4. 表语从句 在从句中做表语的从句叫表语从句。它位于主句中的系动词之后，常用的关联词和主语从句 相同。 （1）This is what he wants. 这就是他想要的东西。
误：His first question was if Tom had arrived yet.
练习：
1. It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning grey.
A. which B. that C. if D. for
答案是 B
2. _______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
important tasks.
A. would leave B. leave C. left D. have left
（答案：B）（2002 年 48 题）
C. what did the press report D. What the press reported
（答案：D。主语从句，what 在从句中做宾语。）（1998 年 24 题）
It is desirable （suggested, necessary, requested, ordered, proposed, urgent）+that+主语
陈述句的语序。
（1）_____ I saw was two men crossing the street.
A. What B. Whom C. Who D. That （答案：A）（2001 年 38 题）
（2）_____ was not the way the event happened.
A. Which the press reported B. That the press reported
能否赶上末班车。
7）if 不能引导同位语从句。
例题：The question came up at the meeting_____ we had enough money for our research.
A. that
B. which
C. whether D. if（答案是 C）
8）.当宾语从句提到句首时,只能用 whether 引导,而不能用 if.
如： 正：Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell.
误：If it is true or not, I can’t tell.
9）If 不能以引导表语从句
如：正：His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.
2. 主语从句 在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫主语从句。主语从句可以由下列连词、连接 代词和连接副词引导，且不能省略。
连词：that，whether 连接代词：what，whatever，who，whoever 等。 连接副词：when，where，how，why *由连词 that，whether 引导的主语从句。 连词 that，whether 在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句，它在从句中不担任成分，不能 省略，且由它们引导的主语从句，多用 it 做形式主语。 （1）_____ was unimportant. A. Whether he enjoyed our dinner or not B. No matter how he enjoyed our dinner C. If he enjoyed our dinner D. What he enjoyed our dinner （答案：A）（2000 年 40 题） （2）That the earth is round is true.（It is true that the earth is round.） 地球是圆的， 是个事实。 由连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句 它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语和状语，不能省略。注意翻译时不能把它们译为疑问 句。由它们引导的主语从句，也可以用形式主语 it 引导。 （1）Who let out the news remained unknown.（It remained unknown who let out the news.） 谁泄露了那个消息仍旧无人知道。 （2）When we’ll start is not clear.（It is not clear when we’ll start.） 我们何时出发还不清楚。 以关系代词 what, whatever, whoever…引导的主语从句。 What 有时可以用来表示 the thing which 这种意思，引导从句，表示一样东西或一件事 情。Who，whom，which，what，可以和 ever 构成合成词，和 what 一样引导从句，ever 起强调作用。此类句子不能用形式主语 it 引导，它们在句子中担任成份，不能省略，语序为
3）他提出我们能否筹集到必要的资金这个问题。
4）if 不能引导主语从句：Whether they win or lose is all the same to me.
5）他们胜利也好，失败也好，对我来说都是一样的。
6）后面直接跟 or not：I wonder whether I’ll catch the last bus or not. 我不知道我
+should（可省略）+V（动词原形）
例题：It’s urgent that a meeting _____ before the final decision is made.
A. will be arranged B. must be arranged
C. be arranged D. would be arranged （答案是 C）
（2）The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.
问题是我们明天上午能否完成任务。
用 suggestion 等词表示愿望、建议、命令等情绪时，用虚拟语气，从句中用 should（可省
略）+动词原形。
（1）The general’s command was that the soldiers _____ their fort and carry out more
答案是 A
4. ______ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one
aspect.
A. What B. That C. This D. Which
答案是 B
5. _______ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 答案是 B
Whether 和 if 引导名词性从句时的区别：
在下列情况不能用 if , 而用 whether。
1）后跟不定式：He didn’t tell me whether to go or stay. 他没有告诉我是走还是留下。
2）前面有介词：He raised the question of whether we could find the necessary money.
学位英语语法
名词性从句：名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句
1. That 和 what 引导名词性从句时的区别
答题要点：请记住 that 引导名词性从句的时候，只是起到引导作用，不能在 该名词性从句中充当任何成分。What 则不然，它不但起引导作用，而且还 要在该名词性从句中充当一定的成分（比如充当主语或宾语）。 1. ___ he said has nothing to do with me. A. What B. That (答案是 A) 2. ___ he has passed the test really surprises us. A. That B. What (答案是 A)
A. There B. This C. That D. It
答案是 D
3. It matters little _______ a man dies, but _______ matters much is _______ he lives.
A. how; what; how B. how; it; how C. why; it; why D. that; what; that