高中动词讲解大全及物非及物动词和时态非谓语动词及介词

第二章动词七十二变

一．实战演练

语法填空：I advised you (stop) (think of) (go) abroad recently. 改错：Many fail to recognizing that all these things are good.

The number of students in my school have risen from 200 to 600.

判断对错：史密斯先生来这儿五天了。

Mr. Smith has come here for five days.

Mr. Smith has been here for five days.

Mr. Smith came here five days ago.

It is five days since Mr. Smith came here.

Five days has passed since Mr. Smith came here.

判断对错：How long have you come here?

How long have you been here?

When did you come here?

二．动词之及物不及物（动作完整）

简单句-五大句型

主谓I come

主谓宾I miss you

主谓宾宾You give me your heart

主谓宾宾补You make me happy

主系表you are my little apple

不及物动词误用作及物动词

误: deal a problem 正：deal with a problem处理问题

误: depend sb. 正：depend on sb. 依靠(依赖）某人

误: rely sb./sth. 正：rely on sb./sth.依靠（依赖）某人（某物）

误: insist doing sth. 正：insist on doing sth. 坚持要做某事

误: knock the door 正：knock at/on the door敲门

误: operate sb. 正：operate on sb.为某人做手术

误: participate sth. 正：participate in sth.参加某事

误: refer sth. 正：refer to sth.查阅（参考）某物

误: reply a letter 正：reply to a letter回信

注意：在某些其他用法中，以上有的动词也可能及物,如insist, reply等动词后可接宾语从句，operate表示“操作”、“管理”等时则及物

及物动词误用作不及物动词

三．有两个以上动词（动作）的简单句

我爱篮球

I love basketball. 第1变：变非动词

我爱打篮球简单句中的+ 动词

I love playing basketball.

我想去打篮球

I want to go to play basketball.

四．动词（动作）之延续不延续

4.1非延续性动词(只限肯定式)表示的动作短暂，不能持续；不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。

4.2非延续性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。

如：The train has arrived.

Have you joined the computer group?

非延续性动词（动作）的用法

4.3非延续性动词一般不可与how long连用。

4.4非延续性动词可以用于when引导的时间状语从句中，但不可以用于while引导的时间状语从句中。

如：When we reached London, it was twelve o'clock.

Please look after my daughter while/when we are away.

4.5非延续性动词不能用于进行时态，若是进行时态形式则表示将来时态的含义。

如：I’m leaving for Lanzhou.

4.6非延续性动词的否定式与until/till连用，构成“not+非延续性动词+until/till ...”的句型，意为“直到……才……”。

如：You can’t leave here until I arrive.

I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight.

4.7非延续性动词可用于现在完成时否定式中，成为可以延续的状态，因而可与表示“段时间”的状语连用。

如：He hasn’t left here since 1986.

I haven’t heard from my father for two weeks.

附表转换：

非延续性延续性非延续性延续性

延续性动词的用法

4. 1延续性动词用于现在完成时，可与表示“段时间”的状语连用。

如：He has lived here for 6 years.

I have learned English since I came here.

4.2延续性动词不能与“点时间”状语连用。

比较：It rained at eight yesterday morning.

It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.