托福语法(名词性从句)

陈述句变名词性从句– 宾语从句
在陈述句句首加上that，然后把“that+陈述句”这一结构 分别放在另一个句子的四种位置即构成了四种名词从句。
他实验取得成功，这让大家很高兴。 The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody. 有人曾谣传Tom是小偷，结果证明是不对的。 The rumor that Tom was a thief turned out to be untrue. 她到处散布谣言说他犯有盗窃罪。 She spread the lie everywhere that he was guilty of theft.
陈述句变名词性从句– 表语从句
原则 在陈述句句首加上that，然后把“that+陈述句”这一结构
分别放在另一个句子的四种位置即构成了四种名词从句。
我认为这个孩子应该送到学校去上学。 My idea is that the child should be sent to school. 困难在于我们缺乏资金。 The trouble is that we are short of funds.
forecast等。
常见的主语从句句型 – it作形式主语
It is +形容词+that从句： • It is clear that… 显然。。。 • It is possible/ likely that… 很可能。。。 • It is natural that… 很自然。。。 • It is certain that… 可以相信。。。 • It is strange that… 奇怪的是。。。 • It is fortunate that… 幸运的是。。。 • It is necessary that… 有必要的是。。。
一般疑问句变名词性从句 –宾/表/同位语从句
原则 一般疑问句变成陈述句，并且用whether或if来引导。
II. 宾语从句 我不清楚他是否需要我的帮助。 I don’t know if/whether he needs my help. III. 表语从句 我关心的是他到底来不来。 My concern is whether he comes or not. IV. 同位语从句 他们面临是否该继续干下去这个问题。 They are faced with the problem whether they should
我认为你是对的。 I think (that) you are right. 我们知道地球是圆的。 We know (that) the earth is round. 我认为扎实的语法功底对英文写作很重要。 I think (that) a sound knowledge of grammar is essential to good writing.
¤ Scientists have argued over the question whether there is life on other planets. (Is there life on other planets?)
¤ I don’t know how many letters there are in the English alphabet. (How many letters are there in the English alphabet?)
is a serious matter. That the little baby survived under such bad
conditions was a miracle.
陈述句变名词性从句– 宾语从句
原则 在陈述句句首加上that，然后把“that+陈述句”这一结构
分别放在另一个句子的四种位置即构成了四种名词从句。
地球是圆的，这是真理。
That the earth is round is a truth.
it作形式主语
为避免头重脚轻，常常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将主语 从句放在句尾。
很显然他不懂英语。 It is obvious that he doesn’t understand English. 月球本身不发光这是一个常识。 It is common knowledge that the moon itself does not give off light.
is
tha-t---t-h--e---e--a--r--t-h
The magazine, National Gc--o-e-m-o--gm --raopnhkyn,otwel-ll-es--d-u-g-s-e--t.-h--e----
名词性从句–四种成分
Φ 在英文中，名词或名词短语主要充当四种成分：主语 、宾语、表语和同位语（见上表第一列）。
TOFEL GRAMMAR
Noun Clause
本节目标
名词性从句 学习掌握并运用
主语从句 宾语从句
表语从句 同位语从句
简单句 VS.复合句
简单句 The idea is ridiculous.
He told me the truth.
My theory is a joke.
The magazine, National Geography, tells us the common knowledge.
地球是圆的，这是真理。
It is a truth that the earth is round.
你没通过这次考试真遗憾。
It is a shame/pity that you did not pass the test.
常见的主语从句句型 – it作形式主语
It is +过去分词+that从句： • It’s reported that… 据报道。。。 • It’s believed that… 人们相信。。。 • It’s generally thought that… 人们普遍认为。。。 • It should be noted that… 应当注意。。。 • It has been found that… 现已发现。。。 • It must be pointed out that… 必须指出。。。 • 同样可以这么用的词有: say, expect, know, estimate,
常见的主语从句句型 – it作形式主语
It is +名词短语+that从句：a pity, a shame, an honor, a good idea, no wonder, etc.
• It is a pity that… 可惜的是。。。 • It is a fact that… 事实是。。。 • It is good news that… 。。。真是太好了。 • It is a good thing that… 。。。真是件好事。 • It is no wonder that… 难怪。。。 • It is a shame that… 遗憾的是；。。。真是太不像话了 • It is an honor that… 真荣幸。。。 • It is common knowledge that… 。。。是常识。 • It is my belief that… 我相信。。。 • It is a miracle that… 。。。真是奇迹。
陈述句变名词性从句– 主语从句
原则 在陈述句句首加上that，然后把“that+陈述句”这一结构
分别放在另一个句子的四种位置即构成了四种名词从句。
He doesn’t understand English. 很显然他不懂英语。 That he doesn’t understand English is obvious. 月球本身不发光这是一个常识。 That the moon itself does not give off light is common knowledge.
一般疑问句变名词性从句 –主语从句
原则 一般疑问句变成陈述句，并且用whether或if来引导。
I. 主语从句
• 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
(1) 他们是否会支持我们?
变正常语序
Would they support us?
They would support us.
(2) whether或if来引导
陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句
名词性从句–本质
¤ That the earth is round is a fact. (The earth is round.)
¤ My question is whether people will live on the moon someday. (Will people live on the moon someday?)
the moon someday. ¤ Scientists have argued over the question
whether there is life on other planets. ¤ I don’t know how many letters there are in
the English alphabet.
Φ 如果我们把句子当做名词来用，分别在另一个句子
中作主语、宾语、表语和同位语（见上表第二列），于 是构成了四种从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和 同位语从句。
Φ 因为这四种从句在本质上相当于名词的作用，所以
我们把它们统称为名词性从句。
名词性从句–三种句子
¤ That the earth is round is a fact. ¤ My question is whether people will live on
复合句
Trihdaictu--t-lh-o-e-u--se--.a--r--t-h---i-s---r-o---u-nd is
He told me tha-t--t--h--e---e--a--r-t--h i--s--r--o--u- nd.
My theory i--s--r--o--u- nd.
Whether they would support us...
(3) ( )还是一个问题
Whether they would support us is/remains a question.
It is/remains a question whether they would support us.
练习时间^_^
将下列句子改写成it作主语的句子 That smoking can cause cancer is true. That Lucy failed his English exam was a shame. That he has been late for work over and over again
continue to work.
一般疑问句变名词性从句 –if 还是whether?
(1) if 一般只用于引Baidu Nhomakorabea宾语从句，而whether可引导包括宾语从 句在内的其他名词从句
(2) 当出现… or not时，一般只用whether…or not，而不用if
填空： a. ( ) he comes or not makes no difference. b. The question is ( ) he will come. c. I don’t care ( ) he is handsome. d. The question ( ) we should call in a specialist was
answered by the family doctor. 答案: Whether: a. b. d if: c
练习时间^_^
将括号里的疑问词变成名词性从句 ______ remains uncertain. (Shall we have the match?) I wonder _______.(Should we wait for him?) No one knows exactly ______.(Is there life on other