词类转换法

其他转换
adj—adv。He had a careful study of the map before he started off.// Can you give an accurate translation of the sentence. Noun—adv: He had the honour to attend the congress. The man nodded with satisfaction. Adv—noun: It was officially announced that they agreed on a reply to the Soviet Union. 官方宣布，他们就给苏联的复信取得了一致的意见。
而我们这些小国将会发现，资本主义就其本性而言，就是帝国主义，就 是剥削，我们小国会变成欧美资本主义国家和卫星国。
英语的名词和介词-----汉语的动词
由于汉语的动词使用频率大大高于英语，因此，在英汉翻译中，常把名 词、介词转换为动词。
1.The growing awareness by millions of Africans of their extremely poor and backward living conditions has prompted them to take resolute measures and create new ones.
Adj---noun:Official Cairo is taking pains to create impression as if its relations with East have remained untouched. 开罗官方千方百计想制造一种印象，好象它同东方国家的关系仍然没有受到影响。
Adv---adj
1.The English language has changed subtly and pervasively. 英语的变化很敏感、很普遍。
2. Hopefully,
it will be done early next month.
下月初完成这件工作是大有希望的。 3.She chirped, blinking her eyes happily. 她唧唧喳喳地叫着，两眼闪出快乐的光芒。
名词----形容词
1. I can note the grace of her gesture. 2.We have seen the beauty of Mt Tai.
我可以看到她优雅的举止。 我们领略了美丽的泰山。
3.You have pass from the heat and glare of big open square into a cool, dark cavern. 你从一个巨大的露天广场上炎热而耀眼的阳光中进入凉爽阴暗的洞穴。 4。Even in these days， when divorce is so easy and family ties are supposed to be weak， it would probably be a mistake to underestimate the influence of families on presidential policies. 即使在家庭纽带十分脆弱，离婚成了常事的今天，如果低估了家庭在总统政治 中的影响力，那也会是错误的。
有独立见解的观察家们对你们在这方面取得的成就给予了很好的评价。
4.The girl impressed her finace’s relatives favourably with
her vivacity and sense of humor. 这个女孩以她的活泼和幽默感给她的未婚夫的亲戚们留下 了极好的印象。 5。As the war progressed， he would symbolize their frustrations ， the embodiment of all evils. 随着战争的进行，他成了他们受挫的象征，成了一切坏事的化身。 6。A well-dressed man，who looked and talked like an American， got into the car.
动词------名词 英语中的动词，尤其是由名词派生而来的动词在翻译时往往转换为 名词，修饰动词的副词也就转换为形容词。 1。The inflammation is characterized by red,swelling,fever,and pain . 炎症的特点是红、肿、热、痛。
2。 2 The
7.The happiness of having such a sister was their first effusion, and the fair ladies mingled in embraces and tears of joy. 她们首先倾吐了要做姑嫂的喜悦，两位小姐高兴地一次次拥 抱，洒下了欣喜的泪花。（effusion 是个带有动作意味的名 词，意为unrestrained expreesion of feeling，翻译时可顺 从汉语的习惯，将其译成动词“倾吐”。） 8。I saw that his face was pale.I followed his eyes and looked across the room to a woman who was setting a tray of drinks before some customers. 我见他脸色煞白。我循着他的目光，看到餐厅那边有个女人端 着托盘给几位客人上饮料。 9.Father passed his face over his face. 父亲用手摸了摸脸。
词类转换法(conversion) 词类转换法 By conversion ,we mean that in translation a word in one language belonging to a certain part of speech is not necessarily to be turned into one of the same part of speech in another language. We cannot translate English necessarily word for word into Chinese. A good translator should try all means to reproduce the thought of the author faithfully in another language, quite disregarding the parts of speech of individual words so used in his version. In practical translation work, words in the original, if necessary, may be turned into words identical in meaning but different in part of speech, and the word order may also be changed. 词类转换很多，主要是名词,动词词类之间的转换。
1.Vietnamese war is a drain on American resources. 战争不断地消耗美国的资源. 2.I am so grateful to my father for his continuous encouragement during my childhood. 我非常感谢父亲,因为在我小的时候他总是不断地鼓励我。 lions of the people in the mountainous areas are finally off poverty. 4.The woman, with her two daughters, arrived. 5. My suggestion is that he should quit smoking. 6.It is my conviction that though men may be no more wicked than they always have been, they seem less likelyto be ashamed. 我相信，人们虽然未必比以前还要不讲道德，但似乎要比以前更 加不知羞耻.
• 短文： • Every child in Britain must by law receive full-time education from the age of five to fifteen. If a child fail to attend school, a school Attendence Officer will come to his house to find out why, and if there is no good reason the parents may be prosecuted. But the parents themselves have a certain amount of choice as to what school the child goes to. In fact they could educate the child themselves if they wished, provided their time-table • , method and equipment were approved by all inspectors.
比较：
译文1：数以百万记的非洲人对于他们非常贫穷落后的生活条件的日 益觉醒促使他们采取坚决的措辞，创Байду номын сангаас新的生活条件。 译文2：数以百万记的非洲人逐渐意识到他们的生活状况异常贫穷落 后，这就促使他们奋起采取坚决措施去创造新的生活条件。
2.The turning point of my life was my decision to give up a promising career and study music. 我的生活转折点是，我决定不再做生财有望的商人而专攻音乐。 3.It would not be easy to talk in general terms about Western Europe as a unit, with its differences of climate and culture, its mountains ,plains and coasts. 西欧诸国气候不同，文化各异，山峦、平原、海岸各具特色， 要想把西欧作为整体加以综述，可不是件容易的事。 The sea thundered on,over and past, and as it roared by it revealed a hideous sight. 海浪狂啸着滚来，如泰山压顶一般，又怒吼着滚远,巨浪过处,一 片浪籍。
一个穿着讲究的人上了车，他的外表谈吐却像个美国人。
Adj.----noun
They expect us in the community to work out policies of aid and trade which will show a sympathetic understanding of their own problems. 它们期望我们欧洲共同体制定出对它们的问题表示同情和理解的援助和 贸易政策。 And our small states will discover that capitalism, by its very nature, imperialistic and exploitative, and they become satellites to the capitalist state of Europe and America.
visiting guests were escorted to theYellow Crane Tower last Sunday. 上星期天，来访的客人和陪同人员一起参观了黄鹤楼。 3。Independent observers have commented favourably on the achievements you have made in this direction。