油井测斜仪的数据采集与测试

油井测斜仪的数据采集与测试

摘要

为了方便石油、冶金、煤炭、水利水电及城建部门的钻井监测，本文利用AT89C52单片机和传感器原理设计了基于磁通门和陀螺仪的油井测斜仪。系统运用定向探管的工作原理总共采用了三个陀螺仪对井斜角与工具面角进行测量，利用三个磁通门传感器并与陀螺仪的测量结果结合进行对方位角的精确测量。系统主要包括了定向探管、磁通门传感器以及陀螺仪传感器等输入设备，运用到ADC0808 A/D转换器，以AT89C52单片机作为控制装置，最后以LCD1602液晶显示器作为输出设备。用到串口大师、proteus仿真软件等，采用Visual Basic编程语言来完成对单片机控制电路的实现，运用串行通信技术最终完成数据的采集与测试。测斜仪经过数模转换，对磁通门电路的输出信号进行采样，然后把数据传送给计算机进行计算，最后得到需要的结果，由此推算出油井井斜角、方位角以及工具面角的数学模型。数据处理是通过对采集的数据进行逐点修正的方法消除多种误差的影响，以便提高测斜仪的测量精度。运用A/D转换电路通过单片机控制并利用串行通信原理将结果显示在LCD1602液晶显示器上。

关键词：测斜仪；定向探管；磁通门；陀螺仪；倾斜角

The Data Collection and Test of Inclinometer for Artesian Well

ABSTRACT

In order to facilitate petroleum, metallurgy, coal, water conservancy and hydropower, and urban construction department of drilling monitoring, this paper AT89C52 microcontroller and sensor design principles based on fluxgate and gyro inclinometer wells. System uses directional probe works with a total of three gyroscopes right tool face angle of inclination measured with the use of three fluxgate sensor and gyro measurements carried out on the combination of accurate measurement of azimuth. System includes a directional probe, fluxgate sensor and a gyro sensor and other input devices, applied to the ADC0808 A/D converter to AT89C52 microcontroller as the control device, and finally to LCD1602 LCD display as an output device. Use serial master, proteus simulation software, using Visual Basic programming language to complete the MCU control circuit implementation, the use of serial communication technology will eventually complete the data collection and testing. Inclinometer through digital to analog conversion, flux gate circuit output signal is sampled, and then send data to the computer for calculation, and finally get the desired results, thereby calculate the well inclination, azimuth and tool face angle mathematical model. Data processing is performed by the data collected by point correction method to eliminate a variety of errors, in order to improve the measurement accuracy of the inclinometer. The use of A/D conversion circuit through the use of serial communication chip control and displays the results in principle LCD1602 LCD monitor.

Keywords: inclinometer; directional probe; fluxgate; gyroscope; tilt angle

目录

1 前言..................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.1 课题研究的目的和意义................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.2 油井测斜仪的现状及发展趋势 (1)

1.3 课题主要研究的内容 (1)

2 系统功能及原理 (2)

2.1 系统实现的功能 (2)

2.2 系统的工作原理 (2)

3 系统硬件设计 (3)

3.1 油井测斜仪定向探管介绍 (3)

3.1.1 测斜仪结构 (3)

3.1.2 地面接收系统结构 (4)

3.1.3 定向探管工作原理 (4)

3.1.4 定向探杆的测试过程 (4)

3.2 倾斜角测量及放大电路 (5)

3.3 A/D转换电路 (6)

3.4 输出显示电路 (7)

3.5 串行通信 (8)

3.6 单片机及PC机串行通信电路 (9)

4 数据采集与测试 (10)

4.1 油井测斜仪中的参数..................... 错误！未定义书签。

4.２信号处理电路.......................... 错误！未定义书签。