英语翻译专业论文开题报告范文英语论文开题报告写

英语翻译专业论文开题报告范文英语论文开题报告写
开题报告，老师一般会给模板，还要看你题目是什么。

这是我的开题报告，你参考一下吧。

课题名称
An Analysis of the Different Cultural Connotations of Color Words between English and Chinese
试析颜色词的中英文化内涵差异
课题
Self-Selected and Approved by the Tutor
一、课题背景及意义（课题的立题依据及研究意义）
Research Background:
A language not only expresses facts, ideas, or events which represent similar world knowledge by its people, but also reflects the people’s attitudes, beliefs, and world
outlooks etc. People of different cultures structure the world around them differently, at least in the language they use to describe that world. Languages differ enormously from one another, and these differences are related to important differences in the customs and behaviors and other aspects of the cultures in which those language reside. In a word, language is a mirror of culture.
When we learn a new word we tend to look for its meaning in the word itself. Yet in addition to its dictionary meanings, the same word may stir up different associations in people, because of cultural differences. In our daily life, color words are the mon illustrations of the cultural differences in language use. In Chinese and English cultures, color words are in the same way influenced by cultures, and used widely in people’s daily life.
Research Significance:
As the differences between Eastern and Western
cultures led to the understanding of the color words are not the same . Color words contain a lot of deep meaning, implies a different ethnic feelings. If we do not take into aount the impact of cultural differences, we are difficult to understand the implicit meaning of color words. The significance of this thesis is to enable a better understanding of color words, in order to enhance munication skills, avoid conflict of cultures.
二、课题研究现状及发展趋势（课题研究领域的发展现状及可能的发展方向）
Research Status:
Study of color words has long attracted linguists’attention. The bright lights of the objective world and for humankind as a whole are the same, but the national language or in different books of different ages or different geographical dialects often be found to have different understanding about color words. This concentrated and fully prove that language is the result of
human cognition to understand and express the objective world, different groups of people in cognitive understanding and expression of the world, due to the different natural environment, social life, cultural traditions. Study of color words in different languages between the similarities and differences. The same object can look at how the differences in cognitive terms showing similarities and differences between how the social and cultural differences and further expansion of the semantic differences, which for the cognitive linguistics, parative linguistics and culture, linguistics, and on second language teaching of applied linguistics has an important significance..
Research Tendency:
21st century’s color words study should stress the originality on research based on the achievements of the previous scholars, domestic or abroad. The study should keep track of the latest development of color words, making breakthrough, upgrading the research quality.
三、研究内容及研究目标（对研究的内容进行说明，并阐明要达到的目标）
Research Contents:
A. Cultural Connotations of Black and Reflections in Idioms
1．Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Black Is Associated With the Solemn and the Dignified
1.2 Black Is Associated With Profit
1.3 Black Is Associated With the Black People
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Black Is Associated With the Death
2.2 Black Is Associated With the Evil and Unfortunate
2.3 Black Is Associated With the Shame and Disgraceful
2.4 Black Is Associated With Anger
B. Cultural Connotations of White and Reflections in Idioms
1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 White Is Associated With the Pure and Lucky
1.2 White Is Associated With Integrity and Honesty
2. Negative Connotations and Reflections in Idioms
2.1 White Is Associated With Death and Poor
2.2 White Is Associated With Worthless and Timid
C. Cultural Connotations of Red and Reflections in Idioms
1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Red Is Associated With Honor and Love
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Red is Associated with the Obscenity
2.2 Red Is Associated With Revolution and Socialism.
2.3 Red Is Associated With Danger and Loss
D. Cultural Connotations of Yellow and Reflections in Idioms
1．Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Yellow Is Associated With the Noble
1.2 Yellow Is Associated With the Joy and Missing
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Yellow Is Associated With the Vulgar and Exaggerative
2.2 Yellow Is Associated With the Coward and Disease
Research Objectives:
I write this thesis in order to make English learners have a better understanding of the cultural meaning of color words and enhance munication skills, avoid conflict in Western culture.
四、预计的研究难点（课题研究过程中可能遇到的理论难题或技术难点）
With the changing society, people have a view of things may have diametrically opposite point of view, how
is the color of the word has bee more authoritative to be a problem; how to get people to attach importance to the implied meaning of color words which may lead to cultural conflict is also a problem. As the color words in real life, the widely used, it is difficult in a paper summarizing, so how to form the color words of the formation of an effective system is a difficult. Possible problems also contain: (1) Limited availability of helpful data, especially the books or articles written by the native scholars; (2) Difficulty in the presentation of insightful ideas and the attainment in originality due to lack of the knowledge related.
五、创新点（选题、观点、理论、材料、方法等创新点）
The English language is developing constantly, keeping absorbing more color words. What is new in my thesis is
that I try to focus my study on color words in modern English, making the research keep pace with the times, with the latest development in loanwords.
六、进度计划（根据研究内容及研究目标所预计的进度安排）
1. Nov.16th — Nov.22nd , xx Subject selecting & topic narrowing
2. Nov.23rd — Dec.20th , xx Data gathering
3. Dec.21st — Jan.10th , xx Opening report & detailed outline
4. Jan.11th — Feb.8th, xx Literature review
5. Feb.9th — Mar.14th, xx First draft
6. Mar.15th — Apr.10th, xx Second draft
7. Apr.11th — Apr.20th, xx Final version
8. Apr.27th — May 14th, xx Printing
9. May 17th — May 25th, xx Thesis debate
七、（指能够支持“课题背景”、“课题研究现状及发展趋势”所论述内容的主要文献资料）
[1] Baugh, A.C. & Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language [M]. Peking: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, xx.
[2] Eckersley, C.E. Brighter English [M]. London: Longman, 1979.
[3] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Mac Millan Education, 1985.
[4] Hornby, A.S. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English [Z]. London: Oxford University, 1974.
[5] Knowles, G. A Cultural History of the English Language [M]. U.S.A.: A Hodder Arnold Publication, 1997.
[6] Lott, B. A Course in English Language and Literature [M]. U.S.A.: Edward Arnold, 1989.
[7] Lyons, J. Language and Linguistics [M]. London: Longman, 1981.
[8] Wales, K. Northern English: A Social and Cultural History [M]. London: Cambridge University Press, xx.
[9] Wu Weizen. History and Anthology of English Literature [M]. Bei ___g: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, xx.
[10] Yang Yanhua & Zhang Shufan. Modern English Lexicology [M]. Peking: Metallurgical Industry Press, xx.
[11] 陈永烨．“英汉颜色词所表现的中西文化差异”[J]．《辽宁工程技术大学学报》，xx，(7)．
[12] 戴炜栋,何兆熊.《新编简明英语语言学教程》[A].上海：上海外语出版社,xx.
[13] 邓炎昌，刘润清．《语言与文化》[M]．北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1991．
[14] 蒋栋元．“论颜色及颜色词的文化差异” [J]．《四川外语学院学报》，xx，(3)．
[15] 唐振华．“英汉颜色词的翻译” [J]．《中国科技翻译》，1997，(2).
指导教师意见：（对课题的认可意见）
指导教师
年月日
系（教研室）审查意见：
系（教研室）主任：
年月日
开题报告，老师一般会给模板，还要看你题目是什么。

这是我的开题报告，你参考一下吧。

课题名称
An Analysis of the Different Cultural Connotations of Color Words between English and Chinese
试析颜色词的中英文化内涵差异
课题
Self-Selected and Approved by the Tutor
一、课题背景及意义 (课题的立题依据及研究意义)
Research Background:
A language not only expresses facts, ideas, or events which represent similar world knowledge by its people, but
also reflects the people’s attitudes, beliefs, and world outlooks etc. People of different cultures structure the world around them differently, at least in the language they use to describe that world. Languages differ enormously from one another, and these differences are related to important differences in the customs and behaviors and other aspects of the cultures in which those language reside. In a word, language is a mirror of culture.
When we learn a new word we tend to look for its meaning in the word itself. Yet in addition to its dictionary meanings, the same word may stir up different associations in people, because of cultural differences. In our daily life, color words are the mon illustrations of the cultural differences in language use. In Chinese and English cultures, color words are in the same way influenced by cultures, and used widely in people’s daily life.
Research Significance:
As the differences between Eastern and Western cultures led to the understanding of the color words are not the same . Color words contain a lot of deep meaning, implies a different ethnic feelings. If we do not take into aount the impact of cultural differences, we are difficult to understand the implicit meaning of color words. The significance of this thesis is to enable a better understanding of color words, in order to enhance munication skills, avoid conflict of cultures.
二、课题研究现状及发展趋势 (课题研究领域的发展现状及可能的发展方向)
Research Status:
Study of color words has long attracted linguists’attention. The bright lights of the objective world and for humankind as a whole are the same, but the national language or in different books of different ages or different geographical dialects often be found to have different understanding about color words. This concentrated and fully prove that language is the result of
human cognition to understand and express the objective world, different groups of people in cognitive understanding and expression of the world, due to the different natural environment, social life, cultural traditions. Study of color words in different languages between the similarities and differences. The same object can look at how the differences in cognitive terms showing similarities and differences between how the social and cultural differences and further expansion of the semantic differences, which for the cognitive linguistics, parative linguistics and culture, linguistics, and on second language teaching of applied linguistics has an important significance..
Research Tendency:
21st century’s color words study should stress the originality on research based on the achievements of the previous scholars, domestic or abroad. The study should keep track of the latest development of color words, making breakthrough, upgrading the research quality.
三、研究内容及研究目标 (对研究的内容进行说明，并阐明要达到的目标)
Research Contents:
A. Cultural Connotations of Black and Reflections in Idioms
1.Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Black Is Associated With the Solemn and the
Dignified
1.2 Black Is Associated With Profit
1.3 Black Is Associated With the Black People
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Black Is Associated With the Death
2.2 Black Is Associated With the Evil and Unfortunate
2.3 Black Is Associated With the Shame and Disgraceful
2.4 Black Is Associated With Anger
B. Cultural Connotations of White and Reflections in Idioms
1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 White Is Associated With the Pure and Lucky
1.2 White Is Associated With Integrity and Honesty
2. Negative Connotations and Reflections in Idioms
2.1 White Is Associated With Death and Poor
2.2 White Is Associated With Worthless and Timid
C. Cultural Connotations of Red and Reflections in
Idioms
1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Red Is Associated With Honor and Love
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Red is Associated with the Obscenity
2.2 Red Is Associated With Revolution and Socialism.
2.3 Red Is Associated With Danger and Loss
D. Cultural Connotations of Yellow and Reflections in Idioms
1.Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Yellow Is Associated With the Noble
1.2 Yellow Is Associated With the Joy and Missing
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Yellow Is Associated With the Vulgar and Exaggerative
2.2 Yellow Is Associated With the Coward and Disease
Research Objectives:
I write this thesis in order to make English learners have a better understanding of the cultural meaning of
color words and enhance munication skills, avoid conflict
in Western culture.
四、预计的研究难点 (课题研究过程中可能遇到的理论难题或技术难点)
With the changing society, people have a view of things may have diametrically opposite point of view, how is the color of the word has bee more authoritative to be a problem; how to get people to attach importance to the implied meaning of color words which may lead to cultural
conflict is also a problem. As the color words in real life, the widely used, it is difficult in a paper summarizing, so how to form the color words of the formation of an effective system is a difficult. Possible problems also contain: (1) Limited availability of helpful data, especially the books or articles written by the native scholars; (2) Difficulty in the presentation of insightful ideas and the attainment in originality due to lack of the knowledge related.
五、创新点 (选题、观点、理论、材料、方法等创新点)
The English language is developing constantly, keeping absorbing more color words. What is new in my thesis is
that I try to focus my study on color words in modern English, making the research keep pace with the times, with the latest development in loanwords.
六、进度计划 (根据研究内容及研究目标所预计的进度安排)
1. Nov.16th - Nov.22nd , xx Subject selecting & topic narrowing
2. Nov.23rd - Dec.20th , xx Data gathering
3. Dec.21st - Jan.10th , xx Opening report & detailed outline
4. Jan.11th - Feb.8th, xx Literature review
5. Feb.9th - Mar.14th, xx First draft
6. Mar.15th - Apr.10th, xx Second draft
7. Apr.11th - Apr.20th, xx Final version
8. Apr.27th - May 14th, xx Printing
9. May 17th - May 25th, xx Thesis debate
七、 (指能够支持“课题背景”、“课题研究现状及发展趋势”所论述内容的主要文献资料)
[1] Baugh, A.C. & Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language [M]. Peking: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, xx.
[2] Eckersley, C.E. Brighter English [M]. London: Longman, 1979.
[3] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Mac Millan Education, 1985.
[4] Hornby, A.S. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English [Z]. London: Oxford University, 1974.
[5] Knowles, G. A Cultural History of the English Language [M]. U.S.A.: A Hodder Arnold Publication, 1997.
[6] Lott, B. A Course in English Language and Literature [M]. U.S.A.: Edward Arnold, 1989.
[7] Lyons, J. Language and Linguistics [M]. London: Longman, 1981.
[8] Wales, K. Northern English: A Social and Cultural History [M]. London: Cambridge University Press, xx.
[9] Wu Weizen. History and Anthology of English Literature [M]. Bei ___g: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, xx.
[10] Yang Yanhua & Zhang Shufan. Modern English Lexicology [M]. Peking: Metallurgical Industry Press, xx.
[11] 陈永烨.“英汉颜色词所表现的中西文化差异” [J].《辽宁工程技术大学学报》，xx，(7).
[12] 戴炜栋,何兆熊.《新编简明英语语言学教程》[A].上海:上海外语出版社,xx.
[13] 邓炎昌，刘润清.《语言与文化》[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社，1991.
[14] 蒋栋元.“论颜色及颜色词的文化差异” [J]. 《四川外语学院学报》，xx，(3).
[15] 唐振华.“英汉颜色词的翻译” [J].《中国科技翻译》，1997，(2).
指导教师意见:(对课题的认可意见)
指导教师
年月日
系(教研室)审查意见:
系(教研室)主任:
年月日
英语专业毕业论文分为好几类，比如有文学方面的，商务英语方面的，教学法方面，语言学方面，文化方面的，翻译方面的等等。

每个方向有各自的写作要求，但都包括Title, Abstract, Introduction, Body, Conclusion,Notes, Bibliography, Acknowledgement。

当然，在写之前还要写选题报告，开题报告还有结题报告。

写文学方面的要看英文原著，当然也可搜索大量资料，但要想写出好的文章得到高分必须要Do it by yourself. 还有我
想说的是论文最好提早下手，这样才可以有大量时间不断的修改。

总之，要写出好论文就得多用心，多找资料，多跟论文导师交流，多看，多写。

集美大学毕业设计（论文）开题报告
学院（系）专业年月日
论文题目 On Translating English Metaphors into Chinese （英语隐喻汉译）
学生姓名学号指导教师
一、本选题的目的和意义：
本选题旨在研究隐喻在英语日常用语中存在的普遍性、可译性及其翻译的方法，重点从文化交际的角度对日常用语中隐喻的汉译进行深入的理论探讨。

本选题突破了历来将隐喻的汉译局限在诗学、修辞学、文学等范畴。

由于“翻译是跨语言、跨文化的交际活动”(陈宏薇：1996)，
翻译对各民族之间文化的传播起着非常重要的作用。

我们对日常用语中隐喻的汉译研究应与英语语言文化背景的研究结合起来。

二、本选题国内外研究的现状和发展趋向：
对隐喻的研究在国外已形成较为完整的体系，其中以Lakoff
&Johnson(1987)的研究最具有代表性，而对于其汉译的研究却凤毛麟角。

国内对于隐喻的研究主要受Lakoff & Johnson理论的影响，其中以胡壮麟、朱永生为主要代表。

在隐喻翻译的研究方面，李国南(1990)，胡文仲(1994)对于英汉成语或谚语中的习用性比喻的喻体进行过比较，并探讨了其翻译的途径。

在近期出版的刊物中有对隐喻翻译研究方面的文章，其中以徐莉娜的《隐喻的翻译》为主要代表。

但其研究的范围也只局限于文学、修辞用语的隐喻翻译。

三、主要研究的内容：
本文分五个部分。

一、简要介绍隐喻与语言以及语言与文化之间的关系，提出日常用语中隐喻的汉译不可忽视文化背景，并简述本论文的主要内容。

二、重点论述隐喻在英语日常用语中存在的普遍性。

三、分析隐喻的特点，从人类文化的共性论述其可译性。

四、讨论隐喻的汉译标准、难点、过程、基本方法以及根据语境而确定译法的原则。

五、详述隐喻汉译的方法和技巧，指出在翻译实践
中，对每种方法的使用都不能走极端。

结论部分，总结研究隐喻汉译所具有的实用价值。

1．引言
2．英语日常用语中隐喻存在的普遍性
2.1隐喻的定义
2.2关于隐喻研究的常用术语
2.3英语日常用语中的隐喻
3.英语日常用语中隐喻的特点
3.1日常用语中隐喻的分类
3.1.1习用性隐喻
3.1.2新生隐喻
3.2英语隐喻与汉语隐喻
3.3英语日常用语中隐喻的可译性
4.英语日常用语中的隐喻的汉译
4.1翻译的标准
4.2日常用语中隐喻汉译的难点
4.3日常用语中隐喻汉译的过程
4.4日常用语中隐喻汉译的基本方法及原则
5.日常用语中隐喻汉译的方法与技巧
5.1直译法
5.2意译法
5.3转译法
5.4直译和意译结合法
四、 ___：
[1]Aristotle. “Rhetoric” (W. R. Roberts, Trans.) In W.
D. Ross (Ed.) The Works of Aristotle. Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Original Work Written ca. 330 B.C.), 1924.
[2]Brodkey, Linda. Review: The Languages in Metaphor. College English, 1988, (1): 89-94 [3]Goatly, Andrew. The Language of Metaphors. London: Routledge, 1997.
[4]Jin Di and Eugene, A. Nida. On Translation. Bei ___g: China Translation Publishing Company, 1984.
[5]Lakoff, G. & Johnson, M. Metaphors We Live by Chicago. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.
[6]Nida, Eugene A. & William, Reyburn. Meaning Across Cultures. New York: Maryknoll of N. Y. Orbis Book, 1981.
[7]Soskice, J.M. Metaphor and Religious Language. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985.
[8]Tylor, Edward Burt. Primitive Culture. London: John Murray, 1871.
[9]陈宏薇（不加汉语拼音，下同）.新实用汉译英教程 [M]，武汉：湖北教育出版社，1996.
[10]陈文伯.英语成语和汉语成语 [M]，北京：外语教学与研究出版社,1980.
[11]陈望道.修辞学发凡 [M]，上海：上海教育出版社，1983.
[12]邓炎昌，刘润清.语言与文化 [M]，北京：外语教学与研究出版社, 1989.
[13]范家材.英语修辞赏析 [M]，上海：上海交通大学出版社，1992.
[14]冯明之. 英文成语故事 [M]，香港：万里出版社，1992.
[15]冯庆华. 实用翻译教程 [M]，上海：上海外语教育出版社，1997.
[16]胡文仲. 文化与交际 [M]，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1994.
[17]徐莉娜. 隐喻的翻译 [J]，中国翻译，1999，(3):18-22.
五、预期的课题进度计划：
1．xx年4月25日完成初稿，并上交指导教师审阅。

2．xx年5月9日提交论文第二稿。

3. xx年5月16日提交论文第三稿。

3．xx年5月17日-6月9日继续修改论文直至定稿。

5．xx年6月13日提交毕业论文。

6．xx年6月14日-23日准备论文答辩。

7．xx年6月24日进行毕业论文答辩
（进度计划不能照抄，应根据实际情况从3月5日起至6月24日止编写计划。

）
六、完成论文的条件、方法及措施：
（一）条件
1．已经修完英语专业的所有课程，对英语国家概况和跨文化交际有较全面和深入的了解；
2．学校图书馆和学院资料室具备有关本论文研究所需的丰富的书籍、期刊等 ___；
3．已经收集较丰富和全面的文献资料；
4．具有上网条件及丰富的网上资源。

（二）方法及措施
1．利用图书馆和互联网进行资料的检索网；
2．小组讨论交流。

指导教师 ___及建议：
签名：
年月日
注：此表前六项由学生填写后交指导教师签署意见，否则不得开题；此表作为毕业设计（论文）评分的依据
参考资料：原本是一份表格该参考是本人引用过来的，我觉得对本人来说非常重要~~~~~因为本人也在准备论文当中
英语毕业论文开题报告本科一般1000-2000字吧，研究生多点。

字数不是关键，主要是内容，当时我写了几次都没过，还是学长给介绍的莫文网，高手就是不一般，一次性就通过了
经贸英语语篇翻译策略探析
旅游景点英语翻译中的跨文化意识探析
跨文化交际中的新闻英语翻译实践探讨
从功能角度研究商务英语翻译的原则和策略
大学英语翻译教学存在的问题及对策
浅谈科技英语翻译中的常见错误及应对技巧
论国际商务英语翻译的多元化标准
英语翻译中笔译要点分析优先出版
大学英语翻译教学的问题与对策研究
文化视角下的旅游英语翻译
科技英语翻译的省译
商务英语翻译教学的探索与思考
国际科技交流中科技英语翻译存在的问题及技巧探析语义翻译和交际翻译观下科技英语翻译研究
影响法律英语翻译的因素
商务英语翻译的文化适应性问题探析
国际商务英语翻译中的文化信息等值研究
构建任务型商务英语翻译课程教学的研究
旅游英语翻译与本土文化对接的思考
项目依托式EAP教学实践研究——以《科技英语翻译》教学为例高中阶段英语翻译教学现状的调查研究
国际贸易中商务英语翻译的文化差异及应对策略
框架语义学视角下的英汉科技翻译研究
基于功能翻译理论的高职院校土木工程专业英语翻译与教学研究中国职业男子篮球俱乐部体育英语翻译现状调查和改善对策研究
康巴藏区旅游英语翻译现状调查研究
商务英语翻译中文化意象的传递
高职英语专业英语翻译课教改初探
探讨中西文化差异对英语翻译的影响
论文化转向对商务英语翻译的启示
非英语专业硕士研究生科技英语翻译能力分析航海英语翻译若干问题
商务英语翻译教材建构模式探微
国内英语翻译现状分析及产业化思考
从建构主义观点谈商务英语翻译教学
怎么写开题报告呢？
首先要把在准备工作当中搜集的资料出来，包括课题名称、课题内容、课题的理论依据、参加人员、组织安排和分工、大概需要的时间、经费的估算等等。

第一是标题的拟定。

课题在准备工作中已经确立了，所以开题报告的标题是不成问题的，把你研究的课题直接写上就行了。

比如我曾指导过一组同学对伦教的文化诸如“伦教糕”、伦教木工机械、伦教文物等进行研究，拟定的标题就是“伦教文化研究”。

第二就是内容的撰写。

开题报告的主要内容包括以下几个部分：
一、课题研究的背景。

所谓课题背景，主要指的是为什么要对这个课题进行研究，所以有的课题干脆把这一部分称为“问题的提出”，意思就是说为什么要提出这个问题，或者说提出这个课题。

比如我曾指导的一个课题“伦教文化研究”，背景说明部分里就是说在改革开放的浪潮中，伦教作为珠江三角洲一角，在经济迅速发展的同时，她的文化发展怎么样，有哪些成就，对居民有什么影响，有哪些还要改进的。

当然背景所叙述的内容还有很多，既可以是社会背景，也可以是自然背景。

关键在于我们所确定的课题是什么。

二、课题研究的内容。

课题研究的内容，顾名思义，就是我们的课题要研究的是什么。

比如我校黄姝老师的指导的课题“佛山新八景”，课题研究的内容就是：“以佛山新八景为重点，考察佛山历史文化沉淀的昨天、今天、明天，结合佛山经济发展的趋势，拟定开发具有新佛山、新八景、新气象的文化旅游的可行性报告及开发方案。

”
三、课题研究的目的和意义。

课题研究的目的，应该叙述自己在这次研究中想要达到的境地或想要得到的结果。

比如我校叶少珍老师指导的“重走长征路”研究课题，在其研究目标一栏中 ___叙述的：
1、通过再现长征历程，追忆红军战士的丰功伟绩，对长征概况、长征途中遇到了哪些艰难险阻、什么是长征精神，有更深刻的了解和感悟。

2、通过小组同学间的分工合作、交流、展示、解说，培养合作参与精神和自我展示能力。

3、通过本次活动，使同学的信息技术得到提高，进一步提高信息素养。

四、课题研究的方法。

在“课题研究的方法”这一部分，应该提出本课题组关于解决本课题问题的门路或者说程序等。

一般来说，研究性学习的课题研究方法有：实地调查考察法(通过组织学生到所研究的处所实地调查，从而得出结论的方法)、问卷调查法（根据本课题的情况和自己要了解的内容设置一些问题，以问卷的形式向相关人员调查的方法）、人物采访法（直接向有关人员采访，以掌握第一手材料的方法）、文献法（通过查阅各类资料、图表等,分析、比较得出结论）等等。

在课题研究中，应该根据自己课题的实际情况提出相关的课题研究方法，不一定面面俱到，只要实用就行。

五、课题研究的步骤。

课题研究的步骤，当然就是说本课题准备通过哪几步程序来达到研究的目的。

所以在这一部分里应该着重思考的问题就是自己的课题大概准备分几步来完成。

一般来说课题研究的基本步骤不外乎是以下几个方面：准备阶段、查阅资料阶段、实地考察阶段、问卷
调查阶段、采访阶段、资料的分析阶段、对本课题的总结与反思阶段等。

六、课题参与人员及组织分工。

这属于对本课题研究的管理范畴，但也不可忽视。

因为管理不到位，学生不能明确自己的职责，有时就会偷懒或者互相推诿，有时就会做重复劳动。

因此课题参与人员的组织分工是不可少的。

最好是把所有的参与研究的学生分成几个小组，每个小组通过民主选举的方式推选出小组长，由小组长负责本小组的任务分派和落实。

然后根据本课题的情况，把相关的研究任务分割成几大部分，一个小组负责一个部分。

最后由小组长组织人员汇总和。

七、课题的经费估算。

一个课题要开展，必然需要一些经费来启动，所以最后还应该大概地估算一下本课题所需要的资金是多少，比如搜集资料需要多少钱，实地调查的外出经费，问卷调查的印刷和分发的费用，课题组所要占用的场地费，有些课题还需要购买一些相关的材料，结题报告等资料的印刷费等等。

所谓“大军未动，粮草先行”，没有足够的资金作后盾，课题研究势必举步维艰，捉襟见肘，甚至于半途
而废。

因此，课题的经费也必须在开题之初就估算好，未雨绸缪，才能真正把本课题的研究做到最好。

本科毕业论文开题报告
论文题目the Application and Innovation
of Gothicism in Wuthering Heights
一、选题的意义和研究现状
1．选题的目的、理论意义和现实意义
长时期以来, 人们视艾米莉?勃朗特为英国文学中的“斯芬克斯”。

关于她本人和她的作品都有很多难解之谜, 许多评论家从不同的角度、采用不同的方法去研究, 得出了不同的结论, 因而往往是旧谜刚解, 新谜又出, 解谜热潮似永无休止。

本文立足于欧美文学中的哥特传统研究《呼啸山庄》的创作源泉, 指出艾米莉?
勃朗特在主题、人物形象、环境刻画、意象及情节构造等方面都借鉴了哥特传统, 同时凭借其超乎寻常的想象力, 将现实与超现实融为一体, 给陈旧的形式注入了激烈情感、心理深度和新鲜活力, 达到了哥特形式与激情内容的完美统一, 使《呼啸山庄》既超越了哥特体裁的“黑色浪漫主义”, 又超越了维多利亚时代的“现实主义”, 从而展现出独具一格、经久不衰的艺术魅力。

2．与选题相关的国内外研究和发展概况
各民族的文学中都有许多惊险、恐怖的故事, 但似乎没有哪一种文学像英美文学那样不仅创作出数量众多、质量优秀的恐怖文学作品, 而且还形成了一个持续发展、影响广泛的哥特传统( Gothic tradition) 。

哥特文学现在已经成为英美文学研究中的一个重要领域。

对哥特文学的认真研究开始于20 世纪二三十年代, 到70 年代以后, 由于新的学术思潮和文学批评观念的影响, 该研究出现了前所未有而且日趋高涨的热潮。

根据在国际互联网上的搜索, 到2000 年9月为止, 英美等国的学者除发表了大量关于哥特文学的论文外, 还至少出版专著达184部, 其中1970 年以后为126 部, 仅90 年
代就达59 部, 几乎占总数的三分之一。

当然,近年来哥特文学研究的状况不仅在于研究成果迅速增加, 更重要的是它在深度和广度方面都大为拓展, 并且把哥特传统同英美乃至欧洲的历史、社会、文化和文学的总体发展结合起来。