欧洲移民危机

Premier GKFX

Today though we are looking at the Impact of the immigrant crisis on Europe,

今天我们来看一下移民危机对欧洲的影响。

This is a thorny subject and one beset with both moral,humanitarian conflict and economic considerations.

这是一个烫手的山芋，既有道德和人道主义纷争，又有经济方面的考量。

However the rise in immigration has now become a major issue in Europe, exaggerated in the past couple of years by the numerous conflicts that have sprung up in the Middle East, Africa and the Balkans which have further accelerated this year. The stream of poignant and heartrending pictures of refugee migrants and their families trying to make their way north after having crossed the Mediterranean or Aegean Sea can have left no viewer untouched. But it also illustrates an age-old truth that on top of those fleeing war and unrest at home these migrants also want to work and simply to build a better quality of life for themselves and their families in a safe far off land. Many have simply walked their way out with only a pitiful handful of possessions or simply the clothes they stand up in whilst others in the professional classes have made the same difficult choice and arrived by more conventional methods .

然而，现在移民激增成为欧洲的一个大问题，过去几年中，这一情况不断恶化，由于中东、非洲以及巴尔干半岛危机，今年的形势愈加严重。难民移民和他们的家人试图穿越地中海或者爱情海北上，场景十分悲惨、心酸，让人无不为之动容。但这也解释了一个古老的真理，在逃离家园战争和动乱的背后，这些移民也希望为自己建立一种更好的生活，为他们的家人寻找一片安全的乐土。不少人只带上简单的随身衣物就上路了，一些职业阶层的人也做了同样艰难的选择，采取了更加传统的方法到达欧洲。

In Europe today that mostly means going to Germany, Scandinavia, Britain and some other places such as the Netherlands by way of the open borders of existing EU members where unemployment levels are low in comparison with the likes of Spain and Greece. Germany, at 4.7%.has the lowest unemployment rate in the whole of the EU whilst Greece has the highest unemployment rate at 25% followed by Spain at 22.2%.

在今天的欧洲，通往德国、斯堪的纳维亚半岛、英国和其他一些国家比如荷兰，通常的做法是借由现有欧盟国家开放的边境，那里的失业率比西班牙和希腊的失业率要低。德国的失业率为4.7%，在整个欧盟国家中，失业水平最低。希腊的失业率最高，达到25%，西班牙以22.2%的失业率紧随其后。

As the free movement of labour is one of the founding principles of the European Union, many migrants will end up where the jobs are and, to some extent, where other migrants from their home region have already settled. This will provide some start-up comfort and support and for many bridge the language barrier of the host country.

由于劳动力的自由流动是欧盟建立的基本原则之一，所有哪里有工作，哪里移民就多，并且那里通常有很多来自相同故土的移民已经定居下来。这可以在初期提供一些安慰和支持，为东道国缓解一些语言障碍隔阂障碍。

The magnitude of the problem now is enormous. Net long-term migration to the UK (immigration less emigration) was estimated to be 330,000 in the calendar year ended March 2015 whilst at a rough guess, Germany may receive 400,000 to 500,000 more immigrants this year than it expected just six months ago.

现在这个问题的重要性不容小觑啦！截止2015年3月，英国的长期净移民估计有33万。粗略估计一下，德国今年接收的外来移民会达到40万至50万，远远超出6个月前的预期。

If so, this would add 0.5% - 0.6% to the German resident population. For the EU average as a whole, the increase may be half that scale.

如果实际情况真是如此，德国的居住人口将增加0.5%-0.6%。对整个欧洲的平均水平而言，增长的人口将是德国规模的一半。

The most common nationality by far of those currently arriving in Greece and Italy is Syrian. Other common nationalities are Eritrean, Afghan, Somali, and Iraqi. In most cases they are fleeing civil war, violence and oppression. Those who do make it to the UK are highly likely to be granted refugee status or humanitarian protection. Legally and morally, they are not illegal immigrants, still less “bogus asylum seekers”. But that’s not the whole story by any means: a considerable number are from countries in west Africa, including Nigeria and Ghana. Here the motivations for most are likely to be primarily economic.

目前抵达希腊和意大利的外来移民主要是叙利亚人。其他还有厄立特里亚人，阿富汗人，索马里人和伊拉克人。他们主要是为逃离内战，暴力和压迫。那些成功到达英国的人，很可能被授予难民身份，或给予人道主义保护。在法律和道义上，他们不是非法移民，也不是“虚假的寻求庇护者”。但无论如何，这也不是整个事情的全貌：还有相当数量的人来自西非国家，包括尼日尼亚和加纳。这里，多数人的动机可能主要出于经济上的考虑。

The EU needs to formulate some common response now, and quickly . These should include: a clearer foreign policy designed to stabilise Syria and Libya. The EU should also urge Turkey to play a fully constructive role. And the EU should put serious financial pressure on Eritrea to reform itself like next-door Ethiopia.

现在欧盟需要制定一些通用的应对措施，并且要快。这些措施包括一个更加明朗的外交政策，旨在稳定叙利亚和利比亚。欧盟也敦促土耳其充分发挥建设性的作用。欧盟还应该对厄立特里亚施加严肃的财政压力，促使其像其邻国埃塞俄比亚一样，进行改革。

The EU also needs a common definition as to who qualifies as a refugee and who can be sent back fast to safe countries of origin. A quota system to distribute refugees makes sense to