考研英语模拟试题及答案-(17)

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考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(17)

industry is mainly caused by
[A] the continuing acquisition.
[B] the growing traffic.
[C] the cheering Wall Street.
[D] the shrinking market.
they do when another railroad is competing for the business.
Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to
appeal to the federal government's Surface Transportation Board for
acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on. Consider
the ＄10.2 billion bid by Norfolk Southern and CSX to acquire
Conrail this year. Conrail's net railway operating income in 1996
rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will
work only in truly extreme cases.
Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers
increase their grip on the market.

2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二试题和答案

2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二试题Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness：Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 , today’s unemployed don’t seem to be h aving a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage ofwell-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are d on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work, I often feel18 ,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1.[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring2.[A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty3.[A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction4.[A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured5.[A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom6.[A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless7.[A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated8.[A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute9.[A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among10.[A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside11.[A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically12.[A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles13.[A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course14.[A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield15.[A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship16.[A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce17.[A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats18.[A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved19.[A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into20.[A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal【试题精析】1. [答案][C] warning考点：上下文语义理解解析：空格之后的宾语从句部分“technology is replacing human workers.”结合选项，应该选择warning。

2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二试题和答案

2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二试题Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1。

（10 points）People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different，with academics，writers, and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers。

Some imagine that the coming work—free world will be defined by 2 。

A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives 5 ，people will simply become lazy and depressed。

6 ，today’s unemployed don’t see m to be having a great time。

One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression，double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality，mental—health problems，and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle—aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease。

考研英语(语法)模拟试卷17(题后含答案及解析)

考研英语（语法）模拟试卷17(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Use of EnglishSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)Grammar1．When he awoke, he found himself______after by an old woman.A．lookingB．lookedC．being lookedD．be looked正确答案：C解析：find himself being looked after by an old woman“发现自己正受到一位老太太的照料”。

该题的选择答案应根据find的句型和句子要表达的具体意思确定，find后面可以跟现在分词、过去分词、形容词／名词、副词、不定式to be 或介词短语的复合结构，如：find him waiting；find the house deserted；find it a book；find the book(to be)difficult；findher in／out；find him at home等。

根据find 的句型结构和本句要表达的意思，选“foundhimself being looked after．．．”为正确答案，后面跟带现在分词被动态的复合结构。

知识模块：语法2．John as well as Jack______just been back from an important meeting.A．haveB．hasC．hadD．must have正确答案：B解析：在“A as well as B”结构中，as well as=in addition to，因此句子的谓语应与名词A在人称和数上保持一致而不受as well as的影响。

考研英语模拟试题及答案17

考研英语模拟试题及答案-(17)模拟试题[17]Simulated Test[PREVIOUS][NEXT]Part I Structure and VocabularySection ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (5 points)1.Grown people should never say or do anything wrong before children,lest they _____ thema bad example.A．will setB．are to setC．should setD．set2.Backward somewhat technologically _____ we are for the moment,we have perfect faith inour ability to catch up in time.A．asB．ifC．even thoughD．that3.When his plane arrives at the airport in Shanghai,I _____ for Beijing.A．shall leaveB．shall be leavingC．am leavingD．shall already have left4.The students _____ at the auditorium before 1∶30 p.m.,but the lecture was cancelledat the last minute.A．were to have assembledB．would assembleC．should have assembledD．had assembled5.Psychologists use exactly the same instrument _____ they use for adults to record babiesresponses.A．whichB．thatC．with whichD．as6.Let everyone work with all his might;and most of all let the government arouse itselfto do that work which is vital,and which _____ government can do effectively.A．none butB．rather thanC．other thanD．more than7._____ the choice of a fine home down town and a modest one in the suburbs the latterwill win.A．Being givenB．GivenC．If givenD．When given8.Business was slackening and there was no expectation of the unemployed _____ within ashort period of time.A．being taken onB．to have been taken onC．to be taken onD．having been taken on9.Science is a structure of many interlocking disciplines,its growth _____ man'simagination and his compelling desire to understand his environment and himself.A．depends onB．independent ofC．dependent onD．is independent of10.Every Englishman has some knowledge, _____ ,of the work of the greatest writer,WilliamShakespeare.A．how slightB．somewhat slightC．even slightD．however slightSection BDirections:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A,B,C and D.Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(5 points)11.It is highly desirable that every (A) effort will be (B) made to reduce expenditure andthat (C) every member of the staff economize (D) wherever possible.12.At first we were so high above (A) in the air (B) that everything seemed like (C) ants;butI could see whatever (D) I wanted.13.Dresses,skirts,shoes and children's clothing (A) are advertised (B) at lowly reduced(C) prices this (D) weekend.14.Paris is one of many world cities that are (A) currently (B) developing programs ofrestoring its (C) historical (D) buildings.15.Saddened by the actor's sudden death, a memorial fund will be established (A) so thatfamily and friends can make (B) donations in his (C) name to (D) the American Cancer Society.16.While (A) the total number of farmers tilling (B) the soil is barely (C) half what theywere (D) in 1959,the size of the average farm has tripled.17.Under (A) no circumstances we should (B) do anything (C) that will benefit ourselvesbut (D) harm the interest of the state.18.Travelling to work (A) by car is more convenient than to use (B) public transport,forthere is no irritation caused by waiting for buses or (C) underground trains for as long as half an hour sometimes (D) .19.When (A) the west part of Scotland is wet with an (B) average rainfall of (C) up to200cm,the east is dryer (D) with about 75cm.20.I used to go down (A) to the bank of the stream and chose (B) little flattened (C) stonesto throw across the water,which moved as swiftly (D) as swallows.Section CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)21.If someone is frowning,we _____ that she or he is sad or angry.A．inferB．claimC．anticipateD．acknowledge22.The new apartment built few months ago is large enough to _____ over two hundred people.A．locateB．resideC．settleD．accommodate23.A river _____ through the narrow wooded valley below.A．extendsC．expandsD．twists24.In order to strengthen his arguements,Toffler _____ respectable social scientists whoagree with him.A．recitesB．confirmsC．quotesD．convinces25.The decline of Rome _____ the disappearance of classical drama.A．restrainedB．withheldC．restoredD．witnessed26.The birthday party _____ and all the guests hurried home at once.A．broke inB．broke upC．broke outD．broke down27.In one scene of Modern Time,Charlie Chaplin was shown trying _____ to keep in time witha rapid assembly line.A．aimlesslyB．violentlyC．hardlyD．desperately28.When writing about controversial topics,some authors try to be _____ without favouringeither side.A．impressiveB．reflectiveC．objectiveD．persuasive29.When people have their basic needs satisfied,they begin to think of other things to fulfiltheir life _____ .A．necessitiesB．requirementsC．appreciationsD．expectations30.The doctor assured me that the pain would _____ one hour after I took the medicine.A．wear awayC．wear downD．wear out31.In spite of Spanish origin,Brazil also has certain things which make her _____ .A．specificB．distinguishedC．specializedD．distinctive32.The government will be better able to _____ other problems because it won't be caughtup in planning ahead for future population growth.A．tackleB．challengeC．relieveD．eliminate33.The teacher made strenuous efforts to read the faint, _____ handwriting in his students'exercise books.A．illegalB．illiterateC．illegibleD．illustrative34.One of the reasons for his popularity in our village is that he _____ almost everyoneevery time he comes back from the big city.A．looks afterB．cares forC．asks afterD．runs for35.We hope to be able to get married early this month,but things didn't _____ as we hadexpected.A．work outB．come byC．fill upD．lay down36.To ensure maximal voter participation in a presidential election,thorough planning anda voter registration _____ are usually required.A．restrictionB．encouragementC．investigationD．drive37.He was such a busy man that after a long delay,he _____ writing the letter.A．got around toB．look forward toC．passed on toD．took up with38.When people do not _____ to an acceptable standard of behavior,they are bound to offendother people.A．confirmB．conformC．confineD．confound39.This unconventional theory was at first greeted with a good deal of _____ ,but soon thosewho had laughed at him realized how wrong they were.A．barrierB．accusationC．ridiculeD．elimination40.Being _____ by nature,he could not help asking questions whenever he asw something unusual.A．fantasticB．optimisticC．questionableD．inquisitivePart Ⅱ Cloze TestDirections：For each numbered blank in the following passage，there are four choices labelled A，B，C and D.Choose the best one and put your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）From the earliest days the conviction has been growing among the American people and their leaders that the state must be responsible for seeing that its citizens have a certain amount of education.That the state has this responsibility 41 the state constitutions,the hundreds of school laws in each state, and the 42 of decisions of local，state，and 43 courts.44 ，education has come to be 45 regarded as a state function.The assumption of educational control by the state is 46 accidental；state control has come because of the early and ever growing belief that education is the backing of a democratic government and cannot， 47 ，be left too much 48 the wishes of any individual or of any community.In a democracy the people cannot be permitted to remain 49 although some of them might desire that 50 .41.A.shows B.showing C.shown by D.is shown by42.A.scale B.scores C.amountD.quantities43.A.country B.national C.federal w44.A.In brief B.In particular C.In consequence D.In addition45.A.confidentially B.incidentally C.universallyD.internationally46.A.not B.only C.actually D.perhaps47.A.however B.therefore C.for example D.aboveall48.A.to B.for C.of D.against49.A.ignorance B.ignored C.ignorantD.ignorantly50.A.level B.standard C.statusD.identityPart Ⅲ Reading ComprehensionDirections：Each of the passages below is followed by some questions.For each question there are four answers marked A，B，C and D.Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.（40 points）Passage 1Research indicates that parents who reward self control and independence tend to have children with high achievement motivation.Such parents set high standards for their children but allow them to work at their own level and to make their own mistakes.By contrast，parents of low need achievers typically set impossibly high goals for their children and make extreme demands.In addition，parents of high need achievers encourage good performance but do not berate their children when they fail.If a child comes home from school with four A's and one B on a report card，the parents focus on the A's；parents of a potential low need achiever tend to ask，“Why the B?”Parents of high need achievers respond to mediocre grades with warmth and suggestions for reasonable goals and ways to reach them.Parents of low need achievers might say，“You're dumb and lazy you'll never amount to anything”，and punish the child.When a child is having trouble with a math problem，the parent of a potentially high need achiever will suggest the general procedure and let the child work out the particular solution；a low need achiever's parent will solve the problem and then hand the child the answer.That needs for affiliation and achievement exist within all of us，to varying degrees，is undeniable.And although biological bases for at least the affiliation need have been proposed，a great deal more is known about the psychological bases of these needs and how they come about.Closely related to motivation are emotions，which can activate and direct behavior in much the same way as physiological，social，and psychological motivations do.51.Parents of high need achievers _____ .A．usually leave their children aloneB．set very high standards for their childrenC．allow for failure on the part of their childrenD．control their children to a minimum degree52.In the fourth sentence of paragraph 1，the expression“berate their children”probablymeans _____ .A．praise themB．neglect themC．scold themD．beat them53.If a child gets good marks for some courses and lower marks for others，a parent of ahigh need achiever will _____ .A．criticize him for the lower marks and praise him for the goodB．praise him and give some suggestions for further improvementC．praise him for the good marks and reward himD．criticize him for the lower marks and punish him54.The passage is mainly about the role of _____ .A．reward in promoting their children's studyB．self control and independence in child growthC．emotional reaction in promoting achievementD．praise in promoting desired behaviorPassage 2A question that has puzzled anthropologists for years whether the uniquely human habit of bipedalism （walking upright on two limbs）developed suddenly among our ancient ancesters or occurred gradually over time-received new attention in September 1988.Anthropologist William L.Jungers of State University of New York reported evidence that australopithecines，humanlike creatures who lived between 1 million and 4 million years ago，probably moved in a manner similar to both human beings and apes，suggesting that bipedalism was a gradual development in early human beings.Jungers compared the hip and leg joints of apes.He noted that in human beings these joints are exceptionally large relative to body size.This is because they bear all of the body's weight when a person is standing.In apes，however，the leg and hip joints are smaller because apes also use their forelimbs for support.Jungers then examined the hip and leg joints of an australopithecine skeleton nicknamed Lucy and found that its joints display both humanlike and apelike characteristics，Jungers concluded that Lucy's physical development-as well as that of other australopitheciness-falls somewhere between human beings and apes.While australopithecines may have walked in an upright manner，their gait was probably far different from the upright movement exhibited by modern human beings.55.Jungers'finding showed that _____ .A．human beings walked upright later than australopithecinesB．bipedalism might have developed suddenly in early humansC．early humans might have learned to walk gradnallyD．human beings evolved from australopithecines rather than from apes56.Jungers'report was based upon his comparison of _____ .A．the body size of people, apes and australopithecinesB．the skeleton of people, apes and australopithecinesC．the hips and leg joints of people, apes and australopithecinesD．the size of hip and leg joints of modern people and australopithecines57.Which of the following is TRUE about Lucy according to Junger?A．Lucy walked more like apes than like human beings.B．Lucy moved her steps in the same manner as people.C．Lucy might walk quite differently from modern man.D．Lucy had hip and leg joints like people's.58.Why is the size of the hip and leg joints imortant in establishing the human habit ofbipedalism?A．they support human body in an upright position.B．they are the only observable evidence in australopithecines study.C．the evolution of the joints is the fastest in animals.D．they mark the major difference between humans and humanlike animals.Passage 3Mounting evidence has led astronomers to just such an improbable conclusion：At least 90 percent and possibly 99 percent of all matter in the universe is completely invisible. Astronomers call this invisible stuff dark matter.An astronomer first reported the invisible matter after noting some unusual behaviour in visible matter.In 1933，Swiss astrophysicist Fritz Zwicky observed that galaxies（星系）in a cluster of galaxies travelled at higher speeds than expected.He concluded that something was causing strange gravitational effects on these galaxies.Galaxies are like vast islands in deep space containing billions of stars that are held together by the force of gravity.Some galaxies are part of larger systems called clusters，which contain many galaxies.Most galaxies，however，belong to smaller systems called groups. Groups and clusters in turn form even larger structures known as superclusters. Just as the force of gravity keeps stars together in galaxies，so the force of gravity appears to keep galaxies together in clusters.This same force of gravity keeps planets orbiting around the sun，rather than flying off into space.How great a force gravity exerts depends on the mass of the objects attracted and the distance between them，a principle discovered by Newton. The amount of mass and the distance between objects also determine how fast the objects travel as they orbit each other. For example，in our solar system，the sun is the most massive object，making up about 99．9 percent of the mass of the solar system，and the force of its gravity keeps Earth and the other planets in orbit around it.The orbital speeds of the planets decline with increasing distance from the sun.The planet nearest to the sun，Mercury，travels at an orbital speed of 48 kilometers per second，while the distant planet Pluto orbits at speed of 4．7 kilometers per second.59.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．Ninety percent of all the matter in the universe is invisible.B．Dark matter causes visible matter to behave in a strange way.C．Galaxies in a cluster sometimes behave in an unusual manner.D．invisible matter keeps galaxies together with gravity.60.In astronomical terms, a cluster _____ .A．consists of galaxiesB．consists of groupsC．makes up superclustersD．makes up a group61.The nearer a planet is to the sun, _____ .A．the lighter it isB．the greater gravity it exertsC．the heavier it isD．the faster it orbits62.According to Newton's principle, _____ .A．the force of gravity keeps planets orbiting around the sun rather than flying off B．the sun is the most massive object, making up 99．8 percent of the mass of the solar systemC．the amount of mass determine how fast the objects travel as they orbit each other D．Pluto receives the least force of gravity from the sun of all the planets in the solar systemPassage 4A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes，as a rule，to have it retold in identically the same words，but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as sacred texts.It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book，and，if a parent can produce what，in the actual circumstances of the time and the individual child，is an improvement in the printed text，so much the better.A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic（虐待狂的）impulses.To prove the latter，one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often guilty of cruelty than those who had not.Aggressive，destructive，sadistic impulses every child has and，on the whole，their symbolic verbal discharge seems to be rather a safety valve than an incitement to overt action.As to fears，there are，I think，well authenticated（实际的）cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story.Often，however，this arises from the child having heard the story once.Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true，that giants，witches，two headed dragons，magic carpets，etc.，do not exist；and that，instead of indulging his fantasies in fairy tales，the child should be taught how to argue with them.If their case were sound，the world should be full of madmen attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a broomstick（扫帚把）or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their enchanted girl friend.No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of the external world and no sane（健全的）child has ever believed that it was.63.The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is _____ .A．repeated without variationB．treated with correct attitudeC．adapted by the parentD．suited to the age of the child64.Some people dislike fairy stories because they feel that they _____ .A．tempt people to be cruel to childrenB．show the primitive cruelty in childrenC．lend themselves to undesirable experiments with childrenD．increase the tendency to be aggressive in children65.The author thinks that fairy stories are a means by which children's impulses may be_____ .A．beneficially channelledB．given a destructive tendencyC．held back until maturityD．effectively suppressed66.According to the author, fairy tales _____ in a child.A．create no fear at allB．create no confused feelingC．create too many fantasiesD．create a sense of guiltinessPassage 5One of the easiest approaches to solving the greenhouse problem is to make our use of energy more efficient.An outstanding example of success in this area is the increase in gasoline mileage achieved by automobile manufacturers since the late 1970's. Most engineers say that much more fuel economy can be built into cars.Still another approach involves attacking the other side of the carbon dioxide dilem ma-increasing the absorption of the gas from the atmosphere.In September 1988,Daniel J.Dudek,a senior economist for the Environmental Defense Funds,an independent organization,proposed such an approach to the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.Dudek said that 4 million hectares of new forest could absorb all the carbon dioxide emitted by all the U.S.power plants likely to be built in the next decade.Replanting that many hectares of farmland as forest would cost between ＄1 billion and ＄2 billion,according to Dudek,but would be a cost effective alternative in battling global warming.Was the very hot summer of 1988 caused by the greenhouse effect, or was it just a random variation in Earth's fickle(无常的)weather? It really does not matter,say many atmospheric scientists.Global warming is on the way,and it is time,according to them,to take action to avoida worse outcome than nature itself decrees.As Schneider puts it,“It is often said that we do not so much inherit the world from our forebears,but rather we borrow it from our children.It is increasingly67.In the second sentence,“the oustanding example of success”here refers to theimprovement on _____ .A．the quality of gasolineB．street conditionsC．the speed of the carD．the design of the car engine68.As a solution to the greenhouse problem, Dudek suggests _____ .A．using fewer cars than necessaryB．stopping factories from emitting carbon dioxideC．improving the quality of factory equipmentD．rebuilding and creating forests69.In the third sentence of paragaph 3, by saying that“global warming is on the way…”,theauthor means _____ .A．the atmosphere is too hot to be bearableB．the earth is becoming increasingly warmC．global warming is becoming uncontrollableD．global warming is now within easy control70.When Schneider says“…we borrow it from our children.”,he means _____ .A．we should work out a good method to control global warming and pass it onto our children B．we should make the future world a better place for our children to live inC．in the days of our children, global warming will gorw out of controlD．global warming will go on to affect the life of our children anywayPart IV English-Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(15 points)(71) One of the most critical problems facing black and other minority Americans today is the difficulty of entering mainstream society without denying their own racial and ethnic heritage .The process can be an agonizing one,and it sometimes leads to disaster.On June 12,1985,Edmund Perry was shot and killed while attempting to rob a plainclothes police officer.(72) Perry was black and a resident of Harlem;he was also a graduate of one of the nation's finest prep schools and was preparing to enter Stanford University on a full scholarship .In“The Two Worlds of Edmund Perry”,Robert Sam Anson relates the details of this star student's double life and examines the unique pressure of being caught between two radically different social realms.(73) This sense of doubleness experienced by many nonwhite Americans makes it difficult to establish a stable personal identity ．Barbara Mellix's “From Outside,In”offers a solution to the problem.Raised in the rural South,the author learned two languages-one to be used whenspeaking to family and friends,the other when speaking to whites.(74) Years later,after enrolling in a writing course at a northern university,she attempted to negotiate a way between her own language and the language of others:I could not-in the process of composing-use the language of the old me,yet I couldn't imagi ne myself in the language of“others”. In time ,however,she learned to shape her own experience in her own words.(75) Writing,she suggests,provided a valuable tool in helping to establish a balance between her two worlds .Part V Writing(15 points)Directions:A.Title:NATURAL GAS PRODUCTIONThe additional information:a.The estimated natural gas reserves are 33000 billion cubic metres.rge gas fields or areas have been discovered in northwest and northeast China.B.Time limit:40 minutesC．Word limit:no less than 150 words (not including the given topic sentences)D．Your composition should be based on the given topic sentences of each paragraph.E．Your composition should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.OUTLINE:1.Natural gas is an energy different from other energies.2.According to the chart above…3.As it is reported that China is rich in natural gas.研究生入学考试模拟英语试题[17]讲评：[词汇与结构][完型填空][阅读理解][英译汉][写作]Part I Structure and VocabularySection A1.(C) lest后接that从句时，从句中谓语应用“should＋动词原形”表示虚拟。

2025年研究生考试考研英语(一201)试题及答案指导

2025年研究生考试考研英语(一201)模拟试题及答案指导一、完型填空（10分）研究生考试考研英语(一201)一、完形填空（共20题，每小题1分，满分20分）Passage:In recent years, there has been a surge in interest in mindfulness. Mindfulness, simply put, is the practice of paying attention to the present moment without judgment. It involves observing your thoughts, feelings, and sensations (1)they arise, acknowledging them without getting caught up in them.This approach to awareness has its roots in ancient Eastern traditions, such as Buddhism, where it was (2) as a path to enlightenment. However, mindfulness has gained widespread (3) in the West (4) research has shown its numerous benefits for mental and physical health.Practicing mindfulness can help reduce stress, improve focus, (5)emotional regulation, and boost overall well-being. Studies have (6) a link between mindfulness and a decreased risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease and depression. (7), mindfulness can enhance (8)skills, such as communication and empathy.Some people (9) mindfulness through formal meditation practices, while others (10) it into their daily lives by paying attention (11) while walking, eating, or (12) to music. Regardless of the approach, the key is (13) present and (14) judgment.Mindfulness is not a quick fix. It requires (15) and (16). However, with (17) practice, it can become a powerful tool for (18) stress, enhancing well-being, and living a more (19) life.(20) all, mindfulness teaches us to be present and appreciate the beauty of the now.Answer Key:1.as2.viewed3.acceptance4.because5.enhance6.established7.Furthermore8.interpersonal9.cultivate10.incorporate11.fully12.listening13.staying14.non-judgmentally15.patiencemitment17.consistent18.managing19.fulfilling20.Above二、传统阅读理解（本部分有4大题，每大题10分，共40分）第一题文章正文：Title: The Last of the TitansIn the heart of the Indian Ocean, lies a small, obscure island known as Kikonyogo. Unlike the grandeur of Maldives or the allure of Bali, Kikonyogo is a place many would scarcely bother to find on a map. Yet, it holds within its shrunken frame a peculiar secret: it is home to the largest living tree in the world.This colossal tree, estimated to be over 70 meters in circumference and with a girth thick enough to wrap around four average-sized cars, towers above the surrounding vegetation. Its branches stretch out like ancient fingers reaching for the sky, embracing the sunlight that filters through the dense canopy. Thetree, though largely surrounded by ruins of what once was a thriving civilization, stands tall, its roots deeply entrenched in the earth and its leaves whispering tales of centuries passed.The locals, a remnant of the once vibrant community that thrived around these ancient woods, have long held traditions of respecting and protecting this solitary tree. They believe it to be sacred, a guardi an of the island’s life force, a reminder of the these lands’ untouched beauty before human intervention. Despite the passage of time and the changes that have swept over Kikonyogo, the last of the titans, as it is affectionately called, remains steadfast, a testament to resilience and endurance.1.How old is the largest living tree in Kikonyogo?The largest living tree in Kikonyogo is estimated to be over 70 meters in circumference, indicating it is significantly older than any living tree on Earth.2.What does the tree look like?The tree looks like a colossal structure, with an estimated circumference of over 70 meters and a girth thick enough to wrap around four average-sized cars. Its branches stretch out like ancient fingers, and its leaves whisper tales of centuries passed.3.What role does the tree play in the local community’s traditions?The tree plays a role of being a guardian of the island’s life force and a reminder of the untouched beauty of the land before human intervention. It is considered sacred and is respected and protected by the local community.4.What is the significance of Kikonyogo’s colossal tree?The significance of Kikonyogo’s colossal tree is that it stands as a testament to resilience and endurance, surviving years and changes that have swept over Kikonyogo.5.According to the text, how does the tree fit into the natural landscape of Kikonyogo?The tree fits into the natural landscape of Kikonyogo as a solitary tree surrounded by ruins of what once was a thriving civilization. It stands tall, embracing the sunlight, and its presence is deeply intertwined with the island’s history and the local community’s traditions.第二题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

考研英语完型填空模拟试题及答案解析

考研英语完型填空模拟试题及答案解析The Treasury could pocket 20 million a year in extra fines once the country‘s speed camera work is expanded. Motoring organizations warned that the 1could bee a poll tax on wheels’，2huge number of drivers. There could be many more incidents of vandalism 3cameras.The warnings came4a Daily Mail survey found almost all the 23 police forces in England and Wales were either5to expansion plans or considering 6.Nationwide，the number of speeding tickets is expected to treble，7 90 million a year.8the scheme，police keep some of the cash from fines to 9the costs of fitting and maintaining extra cameras and10that existing ones always have film in them. The rest will go to the Treasury. Both Ministers and police insist the scheme is aimed11at making roads safer. They point to trials in eight areas which cut collisions by a quarter and deaths and serious injuries by 12a half.But motoring organizations fear cameras will be sited on relatively safe13fast stretches to catch as many drivers as possible. Some forces are also expectedto14the“threshold”speeds at which cameras are15to the absolute legal minimum-15 mph in a 10 mph limit，and 26 mph in a 20 mph zone. This could encourage drivers to stare at their speedometers instead of concentrating on the road，and 16to more aidents. Sue Nicholson，head of campaigns at the RAC，said，“We don‘t have a problem with speed cameras 17. But we do have concerns about18they are sited. Police risk losing credibility 19motorists if cameras are seen as revenue-raising 20safety devices.”1. [A] promotions [B] punishments [C] penalties [D] payments2. [A] isolating [B] separating [C] alienating [D] detaching3. [A] towards [B] against [C] before [D] over4. [A] so [B] once [C] as [D] where5. [A] subjected [B] engaged [C] intended [D] mitted6. [A] taking part [B] keeping silence [C] making exception [D] paying respect7. [A] financing [B] profiting [C] funding [D] ting8. [A] From [B] Under [C] On [D] With9. [A] hide [B] cover [C] conceal [D] veil10. [A] pledging [B] assuring [C] confirming [D] ensuring11. [A] essentially [B] strongly [C] wholeheartedly [D] purely12. [A] in all [B] fewer than [C] at most [D] up to13. [A] but [B] whereas [C] though [D] while14. [A] fit [B] put [C] set [D] fix15. [A] levered [B] geared [C] handled [D] triggered16. [A] lead [B] add [C] contribute [D] resort17. [A] any less [B] by itself [C] after all [D] as such18. [A] who [B] when [C] where [D] which19. [A] in [B] with [C] against [D] for20. [A] in spite of [B] far from [C] rather than [D] by means of答案1. C2. C3. B4. C5. D6. A7. D8. B9.B 10. D11. D 12.D 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. D 18. C 19.B 20.C总体分析本文讲述了英国车速监控摄像体系扩张方案的内容及影响，着重阐述了这一方案的支持者(警察和财政部门)和反对者(机动车管理机构)的观点。

考研英语模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)

考研英语模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Use of English 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)1．Making good coffee is not a simple business. Coffee bushes must be grown in shade. A hillside is best—but it mustn’t be too (1)_____. After three years, the bushes will start to (2)_____ bright-red coffee “cherries”, which are picked, processed to (3)_____ the inner part, and spread out to dry for days, (4)_____ on concrete. They are (5)_____ again to separate the bean, which needs to rest, preferably for a few months. Only then can it be roasted, ground and brewed (6)_____ the stuff that dreams are suppressed with. In Mexico and parts of Central America, (7)_____ in Colombia, most coffee farmers are smallholders. They found it especially hard to (8)_____ the recent fall in the coffee price. The (9)_____ of their income makes it hard for farmers to invest to (10)_____ their crop, says Fernando Celis. The fall forced many small farmers to (11)_____ other crops, or migrate to cities. For farmers, one way out of this (12)_____ is to separate the price they are paid (13)_____ the international commodities markets. This is the (14)_____ of Fair-trade, an organization which certifies products as “responsibly”sourced. Fair-trade determines at what price farmers make what it considers a (15)_____ profit. Its current (16)_____ is that the appropriate figure is 10% above the market price.(17)_____, sales of Fair-trade-certified coffee have increased from $22.5m per year to $87m per year since 1998. This is still a tiny fraction of the overall world coffee trade, worth $10 billion (18)_____ But there are plenty of other markets for high-quality coffee. Some small producers can (19)_____ more by marketing their coffee as organic or “bird-friendly”because, unlike large, mechanized plantations, they have (20)_____ shade trees.A．steepB．highC．bigD．wide正确答案：A解析：对a hillside is best和but引导的从句之间的语义逻辑关系的正确理解。

考研英语第17套题

第十七套题Part ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1 07.8Last year ended with a bang in telecom. During the final three months, Cingular closed its $41 billion acquisition of A T&T Wireless, and Sprint announced a $35 billion mega-merger with Nextel Communications. At a time when interest in traditional telecom companies is as rare as rotary phones, mergers are a sign of the profound cha nges afoot. “These kinds of deals create enormous opportunities to rethink the whole telecom sector,” says Francis McInerney, managing director of consultant North River V entures LLC.By bulking up and bearing down, companies are sparking innovations that will transform communication. More and more, mobile phones will be used to exchange e-mail, music clips, and even video. Likewise, Internet technology will replace old-fashioned phone gear, ushering in an era of souped-up services. Consumers will get voice mail on their PCs and all-you-can-eat phone service for under $25 a month, while businesses hand out mobile phones to road warriors so they can receive calls and e-mail just as if they were in the office.The distinctions among industries will get fuzzy, too. In 2005, telecom giants V erizon Communications Inc. and SBC will pursue licenses to market cable TV. A T&T plans to market security software to corporate customers. Comcast and other cable players are barreling into residential phone markets, and even sports power ESPN expects to unveil hip mobile phone offerings.Competition in those markets will grow even keener. Comcast Corp. is leading a consortium of cable operators that is exploring ways to break into wireless services. There’s a strategic reason for the move: The cable companies are offering home phone service with Internet protocol technology, but without a mobile offering, they lack an essential element of the telecom bundle. The cable companies are trying to work out a partnership with Sprint Nextel or possibly T-Mobile USA to sell consumers a dual-mode phone that would handle their IP calling service inside the house and switch to cellular systems outside. A T&T will unveil a similar service this year.The scrum may spark more consolidation. Cable companies could consider acquiring a wireless company if the partnership approach fails. While SBC and BellSouth Corp. are focused on helping combine A T&T Wireless with Cingular, which SBC and BellSouth co-own, SBC might not be finished. CEO Edward E. Whitacre Jr. has made no secret of his desire to own Cingular outright. “Of course I wish I owned it all,”he told BusinessWeek in October. That could happen by his buying BellSouth’s stake in Cingular or buying BellSouth itself. BellSouth says it’s not interested in being acquired and doubts that regulators would approve such a deal anyway.The battle among providers means lower prices, too. Consider the impact of tiny V onage Holdings Corp. By deploying voice over Internet protocol to offer inexpensive phone service, V onage, unknown a year ago, is now the fastest-growing U.S. phone company. But V onage has competition from some unlikely quarters. A T&T has embarked on a price war with the upstart, resulting in each lowering prices a couple of times in 2004 before bottoming out at less than $25 a month. ［530 words］1. “A bang in telecom” in the first paragraph refers to .［A］worries rise over mergers in the telecom industry［B］monopolies held by telecom companies［C］significant changes with telecom consolidations［D］fierce competition in the telecom sector2. According to the text, innovations in the telecom industry will .［A］enable telephone users to get a variety of free services［B］stop the battle between communication companies［C］bring about a combination of communication technologies［D］lead to a decline in the number of telecom companies3. Which of the following is true according to the passage?［A］Comcast is interested in entering the cable TV business.［B］A T&T is planning to provide a dual-mode phone service.［C］SBC is selling some part of its stake to Cingular.［D］BellSouth is going to be acquired soon.4. What is likely to happen in the future telecom sector?［A］Mobile devices may become the primary tool for play.［B］Telecom services are growing ever more advanced.［C］Wireless subscribers will surpass cable subscribers.［D］The price of communications services is expected to climb.5. The word “upstart” (Line 4, Paragraph 6) most probably means someone who.［A］has suddenly risen to a higher economic or social status［B］lacks the skills appropriate for a new and high position［C］has not gained acceptance of others in the field［D］has competed by using improper actionsText 2 06.8Pressure is mounting on Ahold’s embattled supervisory board following the Dutch grocery group’s decision to pay its new chief executive more than C= 10m to lead its recovery from a ruining accounting scandal.Anders Moberg’s pay package—and the timing of its disclosure at a shareholder meeting last week—has confronted Ahold with a new credibility crisis as it struggles to restore confidence after the C=970m ( $1 bn) scandal.The dispute-evident in a sea of critical media comment in the Netherlands at the weekend threatens to divert management from its recovery strategy, built on significant divestments and a likely rights issue to reduce C=11bn in net debt. Units deemed unable to attain first or second position in food retail within three to five years will immediately be put up for sale.The board’s position appears all the more delicate following comments made by Mr. Moberg to the Financial Times, in which he criticized non-executive directors for ignoring his advice to disclose his salary in May, when he agreed his contract.Instead Ahold waited more than four months to make the announcement, on the day share-holders were asked to approve Mr. Moberg’s appointment.“I was the one who said I liked transparency, and I had hoped ［the supervisory board］had shown ［the salary package］in May to avoid a situation like this,”Mr. Moberg told the FT. As the row prompted the left-leaning Dutch Daily to call for a boycott of Ahold’s Dutch AlbertHeijn supermarket chain where only last week Ahold announced 440 redundancies—it was clear the supervisory board had badly misjudged the reaction.While Henny de Ruiter, supervisory board chairman, said the salary was a fair reflection of what a company in Ahold’s unfavorable circumstances had to pay to attract a top manager,furious investors accused it of pushing through the package regardless of investor opinion. Furthermore, Dutch media commentators noted that the scandal at Ahold had been the trigger for the Dutch government to appoint a commission to strengthen corporate governance.That commission has recommended a limit on executive bonuses, far below the potential two-and-a-half times annual salary that Mr. Moberg could earn.Meanwhile, Mr. Moberg is trying to distance himself from the row and focus on strategy. He told the FT that measures had already been taken to raise its stake in the ICA-Ahold joint venture in Scandinavia.Ahold had included in its forecasts an amount necessary to buy the shares of either of its joint venture partners, who should exercise a “put option”and sell their stake from April 2004.［451 words］6.The decision on Anders Moberg’s pay package has.［A］incurred much criticism from the shareholders［B］helped restore public confidence in Ahold［C］saved the supervisory board from another crisis［D］put pressure on the new chief executive7.The recovery strategy by Ahold’s management includes.［A］avoiding the next accounting scandal［B］diverting investment to other fields［C］issuing rights to more retailers［D］selling the retailers with poor performance8.Anders Moberg thought that if his salary had been announced earlier,.［A］the board’s position would have become less difficult［B］he would have agreed to the contract with Ahold［C］more time could have been devoted to his recovery plan［D］the shareholders wouldn’t have strongly opposed9.Before the scandal at Ahold, the executive bonuses in Dutch companies.［A］were higher than what Moberg earned［B］were regulated by a commission［C］were not monitored by the government［D］were not set by corporate management 10.According to Moberg’s recovery strategy, Ahold will.［A］sell its stake to other joint venture companies［B］buy shares of its Scandinavian partners［C］choose to put money in its chain shops in Scandinavia［D］exercise its potential influence on partnersText 3 07.6剩余At the start of the year, The Independent on Sunday argued that there were three over-whelming reasons why Iraq should not be invaded: there was no proof that Saddam posed an imminent threat; Iraq would be even more unstable as a result of its liberation; and a conflict would increase the threat posed by terrorists. What we did not know was that Tony Blair had received intelligence and advice that raised the very same points.Last week’s report from the Intelligence and Security Committee included the revelationthat some of the intelligence had warned that a war against Iraq risked an increased threat of terrorism. Why did Mr. Blair not make this evidence available to the public in the way that so much of the alarmist intelligence on Saddam’s weapons was published? Why did he choose to ignore the intelligence and argue instead that the war was necessary, precisely because of the threat posed by international terrorism?There have been two parliamentary investigations into this war and the Hutton inquiry reopens tomorrow. In their different ways they have been illuminating, but none of them has addressed the main issues relating to the war. The Foreign Affairs Committee had the scope to range widely, but chose to become entangled in the dispute between the Government and the BBC. The Intelligence Committee reached the conclusion that the Government’s file on Saddam’s weapons was not mixed up, but failed to explain why the intelligence was so hopelessly wrong. The Hutton inquiry is investigating the death of Dr. David Kelly, a personal tragedy of marginal relevance to the war against Iraq.Tony Blair has still to come under close examination about his conduct in the building-up to war. Instead, the Defence Secretary, Geoff Hoon, is being fingered as if he were master-minding the war behind everyone’s backs from the Ministry of Defence. Mr. Hoon is not a minister who dares to think without consulting Downing Street first. At all times he would have been dancing to Downing Street’s tunes. Mr. Blair would be wrong to assume that he can draw a line under all of this by making Mr. Hoon the fall-guy. It was Mr. Blair who decided to take Britain to war, and a Cabinet of largely skeptical ministers that backed him. It was Mr. Blair who told MPs that unless Saddam was removed, terrorists would pose a greater global threat—even though he had received intelligence that suggested a war would lead to an increase in terrorism.Parliament should be the forum in which the Prime Minister is called more fully to account, but Iain Duncan Smith’s support for the war has neutered an already inept opposition. In the absence of proper parliamentary scrutiny, it is left to newspapers like this one to keep asking the most important questions until the Prime Minister answers them.［486 words］11. We learn from the first two paragraphs that.［A］the evidence should have been made available to the Parliament［B］the necessity of war has been exaggerated by the Committee［C］Blair had purposely ignored some of the intelligence he received［D］it was The Independent that first revealed the intelligence12. The author thinks that the Hutton enquiry is.［A］also beside the mark［B］hopelessly wrong［C］illuminating in its way［D］wide in scope13. By “chose to become entangled” (Line 4,Paragraph 3), the author implies that.［A］the dispute between the Government and the BBC was unnecessary［B］the Foreign Affairs Committee had mixed up the argument［C］it was entirely wrong to carry out such investigations［D］the Intelligence Committee shouldn’t mix up with the affair14. It can be learned from Paragraph 4 that.［A］most ministers were suspicious of Hoon’s conduct［B］Hoon will not do anything without consulting Blair［C］Blair should not divert his responsibility to his Cabinet［D］MPs think that it is Blair who drags the country into the war15. What is the author’s attitude towards the Parliament?［A］Indignant.［B］Skeptical.［C］Inquisitive.［D］Critical.Text 4 07.8The thousands of oval lakes that dot Alaska’s North Slope are some of the fastest-growing lakes on the planet. Ranging in size from puddles to more than 15 miles in length, the lakes have expanded at rates up to 15 feet per year, year in and year out for thousands of years. The lakes are shaped like elongated eggs with the skinny ends pointing northwest.How the lakes grow so fast, why they’re oriented in the same direction and what gives them their odd shape have puzzled geologists for decades. The field of lakes covers an area twice the size of Massachusetts, and the lakes are unusual enough to have their own name: oriented thaw lakes. “Lakes come in all sizes and shapes, but they’re rarely oriented in the same direction,”said Jon Pelletier, an assistant professor of geosciences at The University of Arizona in Tucson.Now Pelletier has proposed a new explanation for the orientation, shape and speed of growth of oriented thaw lakes. The lakes’unusual characteristics result from seasonal slumping of the banks when the permafrost thaws abruptly, he said. The lakes grow when rapid warming melts a lake’s frozen bank, and the soggy soil loses its strength and slides into the water. Such lakes are found in the permafrost zone in Alaska, northern Canada and northern Russia.Previous explanations for the water bodies’shape and orientation invoked wind-driven lake circulation and erosion by waves. On Alaska’s North Slope, the prevailing winds blow perpendicular to the long axis of the lakes. According to the traditional explanation, such winds set up currents within the lakes that erode the banks, particularly at the lakes’ ends. Such currents would erode coarse-grained, sandy soils faster than fine-grained clay soils.According to Pelletier, one key ingredient for oriented thaw lakes is permafrost—the special mixture of soil and ice that forms the surface of the land in the Far North. On the north coast of Alaska and at similar latitudes throughout the world, the top, or active, layer of the permafrost melts at some point in the summer and refreezes again in the fall.If the temperature warms gradually, the ice portion of the permafrost melts slowly, allowing the water to drain out of the soil and leave relatively firm sand or sediment behind. However, if an early heat wave melts the permafrost’s ice rapidly, the result is a soggy, unstable soil. When such rapidly thawed permafrost is part of the vertical bank of a lake, the bank slumps into the water, enlarging the lake. More of the bank collapses if the soil is fine-grained, rather than sandy. Another ingredient in Pelletier’s explanation is a long, gentle slope. Because Alaska’s oriented lakes are embedded in a gently sloping landscape, the downhill end of a lake always has a shorter bank. According to Pelletier’s computer model, shorter banks melt more and have bigger slumps. Therefore when the lake experiences thaw slumping, Pelletier’s model says the lake grows more in the downhill direction than it does uphill, generating the lakes’ characteristic elongated-egg shape.［527 words］16. The most mysterious part about Alaska’s lakes is .［A］their fast-growing speed［B］their variety in size［C］their elongated-egg shape［D］their uniform orientation17. The word “thaw” (Line 3, Paragraph 2) most probably means .［A］melting［B］erosion［C］freezing［D］growing18. According to Pelletier, the driving force behind the formation of Alaska’s lakes is.［A］the prevailing winds［B］heat wave［C］fine-grained soil［D］permafrost19. Which of the following statement will support Pelletier’s theory?［A］More big lakes occurred on coarse-grained, sandy soils.［B］The lakes are oriented perpendicular to the wind.［C］Larger lakes generally have lower banks.［D］The lakes have indeed grown more in the uphill direction.20. Which of the following is true according to the text?［A］Alaska’s lakes have unique names because of their coverage.［B］Pelletier used a computer model to describe the formation of lakes.［C］Traditional explanations focus on why the lakes grow fast.［D］The permafrost zone in Alaska melts in the fall.Part B 06.5Directions:In the following artic le, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 21-25, choose the most suitable one from the list A-F to fit into each of the numbered blank. There is one extra choice that does not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) As more and more material from other cultures became available, European scholars came to recognize even greater complexity in mythological traditions. Especially valuable was the evidence provided by ancient Indian and Iranian texts such as the Bhagavad-Gita and the Zend-A vesta. From these sources it became apparent that the character of myths varied widely, not only by geographical region but also by historical period.（21）He argued that the relatively simple Greek myth of Persephone reflects the concerns of a basic agricultural community, whereas the more involved and complex myths found later in Homer are the product of a more developed society.Scholars also attempted to tie various myths of the world together in some way. From the late 18th century through the early 19th century, the comparative study of languages had led to the reconstruction of a hypothetical parent language to account for striking similarities among the various languages of Europe and the Near East. These languages, scholars concluded, belonged to an Indo-European language family. Experts on mythology likewise searched for a parent mythology that presumably stood behind the mythologies of all the European peoples.（22）For example, an expression like “maiden dawn” for “sunrise” resulted first in personification of the dawn, and then in myths about her.Later in the 19th century the theory of evolution put forward by English naturalist Charles Darwin heavily influenced the study of mythology. Scholars researched on the history of mythology, much as they would dig fossil-bearing geological formations, for remains from the distant past.（23）Similarly, British anthropologist Sir James George Frazer proposed a three-stage evolutionary scheme in The Golden Bough. According to Frazer’s scheme, human beings first attributed natural phenomena to arbitrary supernatural forces (magic), later explaining them as the will of the gods (religion), and finally subjecting them to rational investigation (science).The research of British scholar William Robertson Smith, published in Lectures on the Religion of the Semites (1889), also influenced Frazer. Through Smith’s work, Frazer came to believe that many myths had their origin in the ritual practices of ancient agricultural peoples, for whom the annual cycles of vegetation were of central importance.（24）This approach reached its most extreme form in the so-called functionalism of British anthropologist A. R. Radcliffe-Brown, who held that every myth implies a ritual, and every ritual implies a myth.Most analyses of myths in the 18th and 19th centuries showed a tendency to reduce myths to some essential core—whether the seasonal cycles of nature, historical circumstances, or ritual. That core supposedly remained once the fanciful elements of the narratives had been stripped away. In the 20th century, investigators began to pay closer attention to the content of the narratives themselves.（25）［473 words］\[A\] German-born British scholar Max Müller concluded that the Rig-V eda of ancient India-the oldest preserved body of literature written in an Indo-European language-reflected the earliest stages of an Indo-European mythology. M ller attr ibuted all later myths to misunderstandings that arose from the picturesque terms in which early peoples described natural phenomena.\[B\] The myth and ritual theory, as this approach came to be called, was developed most fully by British scholar Jane Ellen Harrison. Using insight gained from the work of French sociologist Emile Durkheim, Harrison argued that all myths have their origin in collective rituals of a society. \[C\] Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud held that myths—like dreams—condense the material of experience and represent it in symbols.\[D\] This approach can be seen in the work of British anthropologist Edward Burnett Tylor. In Primitive Culture (1871), Tylor organized the religious and philosophical development of humanity into separate and distinct evolutionary stages.\[E\] The studies made in this period were consolidated in the work of German scholar Christian Gottolob Heyne, who was the first scholar to use the Latin term myths (instead of fibula, meaning z“fable”) to refer to the tales of heroes and gods.\[F\] German scholar Karl Otfried M ller followed this line of inquiry in his Prolegomena to a Scientific Mythology, 1825).Part C 07.8Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Y our translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10 points)(26)Medicine today focuses primarily on drugs and surgery, genes and germs, microbes and molecules, yet love and intimacy are at the root of what makes us sick and what makes us well. If a new medication had the same impact, failure to prescribe it would be malpractice. Connections with other people affect not only the quality of our lives but also our survival. Study after study find that people who feel lonely are many times more likely to get cardiovascular disease than those who have a strong sense of connection and community. (27)And there is no other factor in medicine—not diet ,not smoking, not exercise, not genetics, not drugs, not surgery—that has a greater impact on our quality of life, incidence of illness and premature death.In part, this is because people who are lonely are more likely to engage in self-destructive behaviors. Getting through the day becomes more important than living a long life when you have no one else to live for. As one patient told me, “I’ve got 20 friends in this pack of cigarettes. They’re always there for me. Y ou want to take away my 20 friends? What are you going to give me instead?”Other patients take refuge in food, alcohol or drugs: “When I feel lonely, I eat a lot of fat—it coats my nerves and n umbs the pain.” But loneliness is not just a barrier to fitness; even when you eat right, exercise and avoid smoking, it increases your risk of early death.(28)Fortunately, love protects your heart in ways that we don’t completely understand. In one study at Y ale, men and women who felt the most loved and supported had substantially less blockage in their coronary arteries. Similarly, researchers from Case Western Reserve University studied al most 10,000 married men and found that those who answered “yes” to this simple question—“Does your wife show you her love?”—had significantly less chest pain. In both studies, the protective effects of love were independent of other risk factors.A wareness is the first step in healing. When we understand the connection between how we live and how long we live, it’s easier to make different choices. (29)Instead of viewing the time we spend with friends and family as luxuries, we can see that these relationships are among the most powerful determinants of our well-being and survival. We are hard-wired to help each other. Science is documenting the healing values of love, intimacy, community, compassion, forgiveness, altruism and service—values that are part of almost all spiritual traditions as well as many secular ones. (30)Seen in this context, being unselfish may be the most self-serving approach to life, for it helps free both the giver and recipient from suffering, disease and premature death. Rediscovering the wisdom of love and compassion may help us survive at a time when an increasingly balkanized world so badly needs it.［491 words］答案1.C2.C3.B4.B5.A6.A7.D8.A9.C10.B11.C12.A13.A14.B15.D16.D17.A18.B19.C20.A21.F22.A23.D24.B25.C26.如今，医学主要致力于药物与手术治疗，基因与病菌以及微生物与分子的研究，然而，在所有决定我们健康与否的因素中，是否拥有关爱与亲密关系才是最为根本的。

考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案：医学类(26套)

考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案：医学类(26套)Valeta Young， 81， a retiree from Lodi， Calif.， suffers from congestive heart failure and requires almost constant monitoring. But she doesn't have to drive anywhere to get it. Twice a day she steps onto a special electronic scale， answers a few yes or no questions via push buttons on a small attached monitor and presses a button that sends the information to a nurse's station in San Antonio， Texas. “It's almost a direct link to my doctor，” says Young， who describes herself as computer illiterate but says she has no problems using the equipment.Young is not the only patient who is dealing with her doctor from a distance. Remote monitoring is a rapidly growing field in medical technology， with more than 25 firms competing to measure remotely——and transmit by phone， Internet or through the airwaves——everything from patients' heart rates to how often they cough.Prompted both by the rise in health-care costs and the increasing computerization of health-care equipment， doctors are using remote monitoring to track a widening variety of chronic diseases. In March， St. Francis University in Pittsburgh， Pa.， partnered with a company called BodyMedia on a study in which rural diabetes patients use wireless glucose meters and armband sensors to monitor their disease. And last fall， Yahoo began offering subscribers the ability to chart their asthma conditions online， using a PDA-size respiratory monitor that measures lung functions in real time and e-mails the data directly to doctors.Such home monitoring， says Dr. George Dailey， a physician at the Scripps Clinic in San Diego，“could someday replace less productive ways that patients track changes in their heart rate， blood sugar， lipid levels， kidney functions and even vision.”Dr. Timothy Moore， executive vice president of Alere Medical， which produces the smart scales that Young and more than 10，000 other patients are using， says that almost any vital sign could， in theory， be monitored from home. But， he warns，that might not always make good medical sense. He advises against performing electrocardiograms remotely， for example， and although he acknowledges that remote monitoring of blood-sugar levels and diabetic ulcers on the skin may have real value，he points out that there are no truly independent studies that establish the value of home testing for diabetes or asthma.Such studies are needed because the technology is still in its infancy and medical experts are divided about its value. But on one thing they all agree： you should never rely on any remote testing system without clearing it with your doctor.注(1)：本文选自Time;8/9/2004， p101-101， 1/2p， 2c;注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题text 1;1. How does Young monitor her health conditions?[A] By stepping on an electronic scale.[B] By answering a few yes or no questions.[C] By using remote monitoring service.[D] By establishing a direct link to her doctor.2. Which of the following is not used in remote monitoring?[A] car[B] telephone[C] Internet[D] the airwaves3. The word “prompted” (Line 1， Paragraph 3) most probably means ________.[A] made[B] reminded[C] aroused[D] driven4. Why is Dr. Timothy Moore against performing electrocardiograms remotely?[A] Because it is a less productive way of monitoring.[B] Because it doesn‘t make good medical sense.[C] Because it‘s value has not been proved by scientific study[D] Because it is not allowed by doctors5. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Computer illiterate is advised not to use remote monitoring.[B] The development of remote monitoring market is rather sluggish.[C] Remote monitoring is mainly used to track chronic diseases.[D] Medical experts agree on the value of remote monitoring.答案：CADBCDr. Wise Young has never met the hundreds of thousands of people he has helped in the past 10 years， and most of them have never heard of Wise Young. If they did meet him， however， they'd want to shake his hand——and the remarkable thing about that would be the simple fact that so many of them could. All the people Young has helped were victims of spinal injuries， and they owe much of the mobility they have today to his landmark work.Young， 51， head of the W.M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience at Rutgers University in New Brunswick， N.J.， was born on New Year's Day at the precise midpoint of the 20th century. Back then， the thinking about spinal-cord injury was straightforward： When a cord is damaged， it's damaged. There's nothing that can be done after an injury to restore the function that was so suddenly lost. As a medical student at Stanford University and a neurosurgeon at New York University Medical Center， Young never had much reason to question that received wisdom， but in 1980 he began to have his doubts. Spinal cords， he knew， experience progressive damage after they're injured， including swelling and inflammation， which may worsen the condition of the already damaged tissue. If that secondary insult could be relieved with drugs， might some function be preserved?Young spent a decade looking into the question， and in 1990 he co-led a landmark study showing that when high doses of a steroid known as methylprednisolone are administered within eight hours of an injury， about 20% of function can be saved. Twenty percent is hardly everything， but it can often be the difference between breathing unassisted or relying on a respirator， walking or spending one's life in a wheelchair. “This discovery led to a revolution in neuroprotective therapy，”Young says.A global revolution， actually. More than 50，000 people around the world suffer spinal injuries each year， and these days， methylprednisolone is the standard treatment in the U.S. and many other countries. But Young is still not satisfied. The drug is an elixir for people who are newly injured， but the relief it offers is only partial， and many spinal-injury victims were hurt before it became available. Young's dream is to help those people too——to restore function already lost——and to that end he is studying drugs and growth factors that could improve conduction in damaged nerves or even prod the development of new ones. To ensure that all the neural researchers around the world pull together， he has created the International Neurotrauma Society， founded the Journal of Neural Trauma and established a website () that receives thousands of hits each day.“The cure for spinal injury is going to be a combination of therapies，” Young says. “It's the most collaborative field I know.” Perhaps. But increasingly it seems that if the collaborators had a field general， his name would be Wise Young.注(1)：本文选自Time;8/20/2001， p54;注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题text 3;1. By “the remarkable thing about that would be the simple fact that so many of them could”(Line three， Paragraph 1)， the author means_______________.[A] The remarkable thing is actually the simple fact.[B] Many people could do the remarkable things.[C] When meeting him， many people could do the simple but remarkable thing.[D] The remarkable thing lies in the simple fact that so many people could shake hands with him.2. How did people think of the spinal-cord injury at the middle of 20th century?[A] pessimistic[B] optimistic[C] confused[D] carefree3. By saying “Twenty percent is hardly everything”(Line 3， Paragraph 3)，the author is talking about_____________.[A] the drug[B] the function of the injured body[C] the function of the drug[D] the injury4. Why was Young unsatisfied with his achievement?[A] The drug cannot help the people who had spinal injury in the past.[B] His treatment is standard.[C] The drug only offers help to a small number of people.[D] The drug only treats some parts of the injury.5. To which of the following statements is the author likely to agree?[A] Wise Young does not meet many people.[B] When Young was young， he did not have much reason to ask questions.[C] If there needs a head of the spinal-injured field， Young might be the right person.[D] Young‘s dream is only to help the persons who were injured at early times.答案：D A B A CScientists have known for more than two decades that cancer is a disease of the genes. Something scrambles the Dna inside a nucleus， and suddenly， instead of dividing in a measured fashion， a cell begins to copy itself furiously. Unlike an ordinary cell， it never stops. But describing the process isn't the same as figuring it out. Cancer cells are so radically different from normal ones that it's almost impossible to untangle the sequence of events that made them that way. So for years researchers have been attacking the problem by taking normal cells and trying to determine what changes will turn them cancerous——always without success.Until now. According to a report in the current issue of Nature， a team of scientists based at M.I.T.'s Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research has finally managed to make human cells malignant——a feat they accomplished with two different cell types by inserting just three altered genes into their DNA. While these manipulations were done only in lab dishes and won't lead to any immediate treatment，they appear to be a crucial step in understanding the disease. This is a “landmark paper，” wrote Jonathan Weitzman and Moshe Yaniv of the Pasteur Institute in Paris，in an accompanying commentary.The dramatic new result traces back to a breakthrough in 1983， when the Whitehead's Robert Weinberg and colleagues showed that mouse cells would become cancerous when spiked with two altered genes. But when they tried such alterations on human cells， they didn't work. Since then， scientists have learned that mouse cells differ from human cells in an important respect： they have higher levels of an enzyme called telomerase. That enzyme keeps caplike structures called telomeres on the ends of chromosomes from getting shorter with each round of cell division. Such shortening is part of a cell's aging process， and since cancer cells keep dividing forever， the Whitehead group reasoned that making human cells more mouselike might also make them cancerous.The strategy worked. The scientists took connective-tissue and kidney cells and introduced three mutated genes——one that makes cells divide rapidly; another thatdisables two substances meant to rein in excessive division; and a third that promotes the production of telomerase， which made the cells essentially immortal. They'd created a tumor in a test tube. “Some people believed that telomerase wasn't that important，” says the Whitehead's William Hahn， the study's lead author. “This allows us to say with some certainty that it is.”Understanding cancer cells in the lab isn't the same as understanding how it behaves in a living body， of course. But by teasing out the key differences between normal and malignant cells， doctors may someday be able to design tests to pick up cancer in its earliest stages. The finding could also lead to drugs tailored to attack specific types of cancer， thereby lessening our dependence ontissue-destroying chemotherapy and radiation. Beyond that， the Whitehead research suggests that this stubbornly complex disease may have a simple origin， and the identification of that origin may turn out to be the most important step of all.注(1)：本文选自Time; 08/09/99， p60， 3/5p， 2c注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2002年真题text 41. From the first paragraph， we learn that ________________.[A] scientists had understood what happened to normal cells that made them behave strangely[B] when a cell begins to copy itself without stopping， it becomes cancerous[C] normal cells do no copy themselves[D] the DNA inside a nucleus divides regularly2. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?[A] The scientists traced the source of cancers by figuring out their DNA order.[B] A treatment to cancers will be available within a year or two.[C] The finding paves way for tackling cancer.[D] The scientists successfully turned cancerous cells into healthy cells.3. According to the author， one of the problems in previous cancer research is ________.[A] enzyme kept telomeres from getting shorter[B] scientists didn‘t know there existed different levels of telomerase between mouse cells and human cells[C] scientists failed to understand the connection between a cell‘s aging process and cell division.[D] human cells are mouselike4. Which of the following best defines the word “tailored” (Line 4， Paragraph5)?[A] made specifically[B] used mainly[C] targeted[D] aimed5. The Whitehead research will probably result in ___________.[A] a thorough understanding of the disease[B] beating out cancers[C] solving the cancer mystery[D] drugs that leave patients less painful答案：B C B A DWhen Ellen M. Roche， 24， volunteered for the asthma experiment， she didn't expect to benefit from it——except for the $365 she'd be paid. Unlike clinical trials，in which most patients hope that an experimental therapy will help them， this study was designed just to answer a basic question： how does the way a normal lung reacts to irritants shed light on how an asthmatic lung responds? To find out， scientists led by Dr. Alkis Togias of Johns Hopkins University had Roche and other healthy volunteers inhale a drug called hexamethonium. Almost immediately Roche began to cough and feel short of breath. Within weeks her lungs failed and her kidneys shut down. On June 2 Roche died——a death made more tragic by the possibility that it was preventable. Last week the federal Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP) ruled that Hopkins's system for protecting human subjects is so flawed that virtually all its U.S.-supported research had to stop.The worst part is that Hopkins， one of the nation's premier medical institutions， is not alone. Two years ago the inspector general of the Department of Health and Human Services warned that the system safeguarding human subjects is in danger of a meltdown. The boards that review proposed studies are overburdened，understaffed and shot through with conflicts of interest. Oversight is so porous that no one knows how many people volunteer to be human guinea pigs (21 million a year is an educated guess)， how many are hurt or how many die. “Thousands of deaths are never reported， and adverse events in the tens of thousands are not reported，”says Adil Shamoo， a member of the National Human Research Protections Advisory Committee and professor at the University of Maryland. Greg Koski， head of OHRP，has called the clinical-trials system “dysfunctional.”The OHRP findings on Hopkins are nothing short of devastating. After a three-day inspection last week， OHRP concluded that the Hopkins scientists failed to get information on the link between hexamethonium and lung toxicity， even though data were available via “routine” Internet searches and in textbooks. The drug is not approved for use in humans; the hexa-methonium Togias used was labeled [F]OR LABORATORY USE ONLY. The review board， OHRP charges， never asked for data on the safety of inhaled hexamethonium in people. The consent form that Roche signed states nowhere that hexamethonium is not approved by the FDA (the form describes it as a “medication”) and didn't warn about possible lung toxicity.Hopkins itself concluded that the review board did not do all it could to protect the volunteers， and suspended all 10 of Togias's studies. Still， the university ——whose $301 million in federal grants for 2，000 human studies made it the largest recipient of government research money last year——is seething. “Hopkins has hadover 100 years of doing clinical trials，” says Dr. Edward Miller， CEO of Johns Hopkins Medicine. “We have had one death in all of those years. We would have done anything in the world to prevent that death， but [suspending the studies] seems out of proportion.” Hopkins calls the shutdown of its experiments “unwarranted，unnecessary， paralyzing and precipitous.” OHRP is letting trials continue “where it is in the best interests” of subjects. The rest of the studies can resume once Hopkins submits a plan to restructure its system for protecting research subjects. How quickly that happens， says a government spokesman， depends on Hopkins.注(1)：本文选自Newsweek; 7/30/2001， p36;注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2005年真题Text 1;1. In the opening paragraph， the author introduces his topic by[A]explaining a phenomenon[B]justifying an assumption[C]stating an incident[D]making a comparison2. The statement “The OHRP findings on Hopkins are nothing short of devastating.”(Line1， Paragraph 3) implies that[A]The OHRP findings on Hopkins are much too impressive.[B]The OHRP findings on Hopkins are much too shocking.[C]The OHRP findings on Hopkins are much too convincing.[D]The OHRP findings on Hopkins are much too striking.3. The main reasons for Roche‘s death are as following， except that _______.[A]the protecting system hasn‘t been set up[B]the review board has neglected their duty[C]the research team was not responsible enough for its volunteers[D]the possibility of lung toxicity was overlooked4. The OHRP has found that[A]Hopkins has loose control over the experiment.[B]the volunteers knew nothing about the experiment.[C]there is something wrong with every aspect of the experiment.[D]there exist many hidden troubles in human subjects safeguarding system.5. What can we infer from the last paragraph?[A]Hopkins had no fault in this accident.[B]Hopkins seemed not to quite agree with The OHRP[C]Togias's studies shouldn‘t be suspended.[D]Hopkins wanted to begin their experiments as soon as possible.答案：CBACBYou hop into your car， but， wait， where are the keys? You meet someone new， but her name is gone before the handshake's over. Those are failures of your short-term，or “working，” memory——the place you file information for immediate， everyday retrieval. It isn't perfect. But researchers are increasingly convinced that the hormone estrogen could play a key role in maintaining and perhaps even improving memory. Last week a team of Yale scientists provided dramatic new evidence that bolsters the theory. Using MRIs——detailed snapshots of the brain——researchers found that women taking estrogen show significantly more activity in brain areas associated with memory than women on a placebo. “This is very exciting，” says Yale's Dr. Sally Shaywitz. “It means that the brain circuitry for memory had altered.”After menopause， when estrogen levels plummet， some women become forgetful. Past research has demonstrated that those who take estrogen do better on memory tests than their nonmedicated peers do. The hormone may even reduce the risk of Alzheimer's. The new study， published in last week's Journal of the American Medical Association，is the first to visually compare the neurocircuitry of memory both on and off estrogen. The drug made a big difference to participant Bernadette Settelmeyer：“All of a sudden I was remembering things.”The women (whose average age was 51) lay down in a brain-imaging machine where they were shown two types of information： nonsense words (“BAZ” or “DOB”) to test verbal memory and geometric patterns to assess visual memory. After a 20-second “storage” period， participants saw a mix of old and new and were asked if anything looked familiar. During each stage of the test——as the women encoded， stored and retrieved data——researchers took pictures of their brains. The 46 women underwent the test twice——once while taking a standard daily dose of estrogen and again while taking a placebo. Beyond the power of estrogen， the difference in MRIs suggests that the adult brain maintains “plasticity”——the ability to rewire itself——even as it ages.There is still plenty of research to be done. Scientists can't yet be sure estrogen is directly responsible for better memory performance. Despite the difference in brain activity on and off estrogen， participants' scores did not change. Researchers say that is probably because the tasks were so simple (the women got more than 90 percent correct overall)。

考研英语最新试题及答案

考研英语最新试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题2分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者的主要观点？A. 教育对于个人发展至关重要。

B. 技术进步是社会发展的主要驱动力。

C. 环境保护比经济发展更重要。

D. 政治稳定是经济增长的前提条件。

答案：A2. 文章中提到的“绿色经济”指的是什么？A. 以牺牲环境为代价的经济增长。

B. 以可持续发展为核心的经济模式。

C. 以减少资源消耗为目的的经济活动。

D. 以提高能源效率为核心的经济体系。

答案：B3. 作者认为解决环境问题的关键是什么？A. 政府的监管和干预。

B. 公众的环保意识。

C. 企业的社会责任。

D. 国际合作与交流。

答案：B4. 文章中提到的“循环经济”是如何定义的？A. 一种依赖于自然资源的经济模式。

B. 一种依赖于可再生资源的经济模式。

C. 一种依赖于资源循环利用的经济模式。

D. 一种依赖于资源消耗的经济模式。

答案：C5. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者对未来经济发展的预测？A. 经济发展将导致环境恶化。

B. 经济发展将促进环境保护。

C. 环境保护将阻碍经济发展。

D. 经济发展与环境保护将相互独立。

答案：B二、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The world is facing a severe water shortage. It is estimated that by 2030, the demand for water will exceed the supply by a significant margin. This situation is particularly 6._______ in regions where water resources are limited.6. A. alarmingB. amusingC. annoyingD. appealing答案：A7. To address this issue, many countries have implemented water-saving measures, such as 7. _______ water prices and promoting water-saving technologies.7. A. increasingB. decreasingC. freezingD. stabilizing答案：A8. However, these measures alone are not enough. A more comprehensive approach is needed to 8. _______ the problem.8. A. tackleB. avoidC. ignoreD. postpone答案：A9. One possible solution is to invest in 9. _______ technologies that can recycle and purify wastewater.9. A. innovativeB. traditionalC. obsoleteD. experimental答案：A10. Additionally, public awareness campaigns should be launched to educate people about the importance of 10._______ water.10. A. conservingB. wastingC. consumingD. desalinating答案：A三、翻译（共20分，每题5分）1. 随着科技的发展，人们越来越依赖于智能手机。

17考研英语一答案

1【答案】A【解析】根据本句句内逻辑关系，“it turns out that hugs…”说明拥抱还有其他结果。

因此，前文的逻辑关系应该为“除此以外”，结合选项，A．Besides（除此之外）最为合适。

2【答案】C【解析】本题实为逻辑关系题。

根据句子前后结构“helping you feel close and _____（2）”，我们可以判断，由于空格处与前面内容通过and连接，说明我们要选择一个单词与feel close 同义，并且要与后面介词to 连用。

因此，通过对于四个选项含义判断，C选项有“关联的”含义最为符合。

3【答案】B【解析】此题为固定搭配。

“a host of”表示大量的。

其他选项搭配不合理。

4【答案】A【解析】根据题干信息“a warm embrace might even help you _____（4）getting sick this winter.”中，出现“even”，表示“甚至”，说明此句话与上一句话存在递进的逻辑关系。

上一句话的语义表示“拥抱可以带来大量的好处”，因此，这句话也应该表示拥抱的好处。

根据四个选项含义，A．avoid（避免）B．forget（忘记）C．recall（回忆）D．keep（保持），A选项“避免生病”最符合文意。

5【答案】D【解析】本题考查现在分词做后置定语，需要选择一个现在分词修饰前面的“study”，因此，结合四个选项A．collecting（收集）B．affecting（影响）C．guiding(引导)D．involving（涉及、卷入），根据句子含义，应该表达“关于涉及400人”的研究。

因此正确选项应为D6【答案】A【解析】本题为固定搭配。

根据句义“examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs_____（6）the participants'…”考查固定搭配“examined the effects…on sth”因此，本题正确选项为A。

2024考研英语二试题及答案

2024考研英语二试题及答案2024年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）模拟试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）Section A21-25题，每题1分，共5分阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Passage OneIn recent years, the popularity of online learning has surged as more and more people recognize the convenience and flexibility it offers. With the advent of technology, students can now access a wide range of courses from the comfort of their own homes. This has led to a significant shift in the way education is delivered and received.21. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The drawbacks of online learning.B. The benefits of online learning.C. The rise in online learning popularity.D. The challenges faced by traditional education.22. What can be inferred from the passage about the impact of technology on education?A. It has made education less accessible.B. It has increased the cost of education.C. It has improved the quality of education.D. It has made education more convenient.23. According to the passage, what is one advantage of online learning?A. It is less expensive.B. It offers more variety.C. It requires less technology.D. It is more structured.24. What is a possible reason for the shift in the way education is delivered?A. The high demand for traditional classroom settings.B. The limited availability of online courses.C. The preference for face-to-face interaction.D. The recognition of the convenience of online learning.25. What is the best title for the passage?A. The Decline of Traditional EducationB. The Future of Online LearningC. The Convenience of Online EducationD. The Cost of Online Courses答案：21. C22. D23. B24. D25. C二、完形填空（共10分）Section B26-30题，每题1分，共5分阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

考研英语模拟翻译—英译汉试题以及答案

考研英语模拟翻译—英译汉试题以及答案一、考研英语翻译英译汉1． It is better to take your time at this job than to hurry and make mistakes．A．最好的工作要慢慢找，不要太着急。

B．工作中不要太急，免得出错。

C．干这活最好要慢点不要匆忙，免得出错。

D．最好要多花点时间在工作上，免得忙中出错。

【答案】C【解析】本题的翻译要点是“It is better to do sth. than to do sth. ”和“take yore time”。

“It is better to do sth. than to do sth. ”这个句型表示是两件事情的比较，“最好采取……，而不是……”选项A理解出错，选项B没有把这种比较的意思表达出来，选项D 没有翻译出“this job”。

知识模块：英译汉2． Not until the problem 0f talents and funds is solved, is our talking about the project meaningful．A．不到解决人才和资金问题的时候，无须讨论这项工程的。

B．讨论这项工程有无意义要看人才和资金问题能否得到解决。

C．只有解决了人才和资金问题，讨论这项工程才有意义。

D．解决人才和资金问题与讨论这项工程具有同样重要的意义。

【答案】C【解析】本题的翻译要点是对“Not until…”这个句型的理解。

该句表示强调，意为“直到……才”。

选项D对句型理解有误。

选项A和选项B没有把强调的语气翻译出来，且选项A后半句有漏译现象。

知识模块：英译汉3． us of the overcharge on your account and we have contacted the store on your behalf and are awaiting their reply.A) 承蒙告知您受到恶意透支的指控，我们已经派代表与商店联系并正在等待回音。

考研英语二(阅读)模拟试卷16(题后含答案及解析)

考研英语二（阅读）模拟试卷16(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. Reading ComprehensionSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)Why is it that most of us can remember our precise surroundings the moment that we first learned of John Fitzgerald Kennedy’s assassination, the Challenger explosion or the fall of the Twin Towers, but not say, what grocery aisle we were standing in when the phone call came to remind us to pick up milk? What is it about the timing—or more specifically, the coincidence with intense experience—that seals in visual memories more effectively? That’s the question that a new study from psychologists at the University of Washington set out to answer. The study, published online recently in the open-access journal PLoS Biology included a series of four experiments. In each experiment, which included distinct participants, Jeffrey Y. Lin and colleagues showed study subjects 16 photographs depicting familiar landscapes. The first time, participants merely looked at the images; the second time, they were also asked to focus on a number shown in the middle of the image; the third time, they also had to make note of an auditory cue as they looked at the images; and finally, they were shown images with a number in the middle, but told to ignore the number and focus only on the scene depicted. Researchers found that, when shown an image later and asked to recall if it had been among those they’d already seen, subjects’memory formation was consistently best when they had also been trying to concentrate on another task in both the second and third experiments, which involved viewing numbers or hearing audio tones while the images were presented, subjects formed clearer memories than in the first experiment—when they were simply instructed to look at the photos—and than in the fourth experiment—when they were shown numbers in the center of photos, but told to ignore them and focus on the images themselves. The findings suggest that it isn’t the novelty of what we’re seeing, but the experience that we are having while we look at something, that determines how well we store it away in our memories. Or, as the authors phrase it, the study results provide “evidence of a mechanism where traces of a visual scene are automatically encoded into memory at behaviorally relevant points in time regardless of the spatial focus of attention.” When it comes to making memories, timing is of the essence.1．The questions at the beginning of the text are intended to _____.A．describe a confusing phenomenonB．show the complexity of our memoryC．draw forth the topic of this textD．support the argument of the author正确答案：C解析：题干的questions指第一段前两句提出的问题，这两个问题可概括为“我们为什么能够清楚地记得某些情况，却不记得另一些情况?”和“什么样的时机会加深记忆?”。

考研英语模拟试卷17(题后含答案及解析)

考研英语模拟试卷17(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Use of English 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)1．There are many features that (1)_____ a movie as American, but perhaps the most (2)_____ is the theme of the loner-hero(孤胆英雄). In the western movie, which comes out of many (3)_____ of the American West, a typical figure is the lonesome cowboy. He wanders into a town and (4)_____ out its troubles. Then the strong and independent hero rides off into the sunset (5)_____. Americans like this (6)_____ in their films because they are (7)_____ independent, and individualism (8)_____ a great deal with them. An individual, who is able to (9)_____ the evils of the world, or of a small town, is someone to admire. Even the gangster movie, a very popular (10)_____ of the typical American film, usually has a hero. (11)_____ he is a lawman out to catch the criminals or a gangster who suddenly sees the light and tries to go (12)_____ During the violence-ridden period of Prohibition in the 1920s, the gangster movie (13)_____ in popularity. These films kept the same. (14)_____ as the western—the bad cannot triumph. One good person can save the innocent. Recent science fiction films deal (15)_____ the same theme. Against the forces of the alien powers, people will fight to protect their ideals. Here, too, the action (16)_____ around a single individual, (17)_____ now he or she must save the world. The hero battles the unknown, trusting in inner capabilities and in the power of good (18)_____ evil. Fearless, the hero of a typical American movie does not (19)_____ to jump into the action. This dominant theme of the American movie is familiar (20)_____ people around the world.A．makeB．signC．markD．signal正确答案：C解析：动词辨析题。

考研英语模拟试卷217(题后含答案及解析)

考研英语模拟试卷217(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Use of English 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)1．More and more residences, businesses, and even government agencies are using telephone answering machines to take messages or give information or instructions. Sometimes these machines give (1)_____ instructions, or play messages that are difficult to understand. If you (2)_____ telephone calls, you need to be ready to respond if you get a (3)_____. The most common machine is the (4)_____ used in residence. If you call a home (5)_____ there is a telephone answering machine in operation you (6)_____ hear several rings and then a recorded message (7)_____ usually says something (8)_____ this: “Hello. We can’t come to the (9)_____ right now. If you want us to call you back, please leave your name and number after the beep”. Then you will hear a “beep”, (10)_____ is a brief, high-pitched (11)_____. Alter the beep, you can say who you are, whom you want to speak to, and what number the person should call to (12)_____ you, or you can leave a (13)_____. Some telephone answering machines (14)_____ for only 20 or 30 seconds after the beep, so you must respond quickly. Some large businesses and government agencies are using telephone answering machines to provide information on (15)_____ about which they receive a large volume of (16)_____. Using these systems (17)_____ you to have a touch-tone phone (a phone with buttons rather than a rotary dial). The voice on the machine will tell your to push a certain button on your telephone if you want information on Topic A, another button for Topic B, and so on. You listen (18)_____ you hear the topic you want to learn about, and then you push the (19)_____ button. After making your (20)_____, you will hear a recorded message on the topic.A．obscureB．wrongC．confusingD．clear正确答案：C解析：电话录音机的指示是事先录制好的，因此不可能是错误的或者是含糊不清的，因此选项obscure，wrong都不符合题意，排除。

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模拟试题[17]Simulated Test[PREVIOUS] [NEXT]Part I Structure and VocabularySection ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A,B,C andD.Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWERHEET.(5 points)1. Grown people should never say or do anything wrong before children,lest they ____ thema bad example.A. will setB. are to setC. should setD. set2. Backward somewhat technologically _____ w e are for the moment,we have perfect faith inour ability to catch up in time.A. asB. ifC. even thoughD. that3. When his plane arrives at the airport in Shanghai,I _____ f or Beijing.A. shall leaveB. shall be leavingC. am leavingD. shall already have left4. The students ____ at the auditorium before 1:30 p.m.,but the lecture was cancelled at the last minute.A. were to have assembledB. would assembleC. should have assembledD. had assembled5. Psychologists use exactly the same instrument ___________they use for adults to record babiesresponses.A. whichB. thatC. with whichD. as6. Let everyone work with all his might;and most of all let the government arouse itselfto do that work which is vital,and which _____ government can do effectively.A. none butB. rather thanC. other thanD. more than7. ____ the choice of a fine home down town and a modest one in the suburbs the latter willwin.A. Being givenB. GivenC. If givenD. When given8. Business was slackening and there was no expectation of the unemployed ____ within ashort period of time.A. being taken onB. to have been taken onC. to be taken onD. having been taken on9. Science is a structure of many interlocking disciplines,its growth _____ m an'simagination and his compelling desire to understand his environment and himself.A. depends onB. independent ofC. dependent onD. is independent of10. Every Englishman has some knowledge, ___ ,of the work of the greatest writer,WilliamShakespeare.A. how slightB. somewhat slightC. even slightD. however slightSection BDirections:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A,B,C and D」dentify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(5 points)11. It is highly desirable that every (A) effort will be (B) made to reduce expenditure andthat (C) every member of the staff economize (D) wherever possible.12. At first we were so high above (A) in the air (B) that everything seemed like (C) ants;butI could see whatever (D) I wanted.13. Dresses,skirts,shoes and children's clothing (A) are advertised (B) at lowly reduced (C) prices this (D)weekend.14. Paris is one of many world cities that are (A) currently (B) developing programs of restoring its (C)historical (D) buildings.15. Saddened by the actor's sudden death, a memorial fund will be established (A) so that family and friendscan make (B) donations in his (C) name to (D) the American Cancer Society.16. While (A) the total number of farmers tilling (B) the soil is barely (C) half what theywere (D) in 1959,the size of the average farm has tripled.17. Under (A) no circumstances we should (B) do anything (C) that will benefit ourselves but (D) harm theinterest of the state.18. Travelling to work (A) by car is more convenient than to use (B) public transport,forthere is no irritation caused by waiting for buses or (C) underground trains for as long as half an hoursometimes (D).19. When(A) the west part of Scotland is wet with an (B) average rainfall of (C) up to 200cm,the east is dryer(D) with about 75cm.20. I used to go down (A) to the bank of the stream and chose (B) little flattened (C) stones to throw acrossthe water,which moved as swiftly (D) as swallows.Section CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences,there are four choices marked A,B,C andD.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWERHEET.(10 points)21. If someone is frowning,we ____ that she or he is sad or angry.A. inferB. claimC. anticipateD. acknowledge22. The new apartment built few months ago is large enough to ____________ o ver two hundred people.A. locateB. resideC. settleD. accommodate23. A river _____ through the narrow wooded valley below.A. extendsB．poursC．expandsD．twists24. In order to strengthen his arguements,Toffler ___ respectable social scientists whoagree with him.A．recitesB．confirmsC．quotesD．convinces25. The decline of Rome ____ the disappearance of classical drama.A．restrained B．withheld C．restored D．witnessed26. The birthday party ____ and all the guests hurried home at once.A．broke inB．broke upC．broke outD．broke down27. In one scene of Modern Time,Charlie Chaplin was shown trying ____ to keep in time witha rapid assembly line.A．aimlesslyB．violentlyC．hardlyD．desperately28. When writing about controversial topics,some authors try to be _____ without favouringeither side.A．impressiveB．reflectiveC．objectiveD．persuasive29. Whenpeople have their basic needs satisfied,they begin to think of other things to fulfil their life .A．necessitiesB．requirementsC．appreciationsD．expectations30. The doctor assured me that the pain would ____ one hour after I took the medicine.A．wear awayB．wear onC．wear downD．wear out31. In spite of Spanish origin,Brazil also has certain things which make her ____A．specificB．distinguishedC．specializedD．distinctive32. The government will be better able to ____ other problems because it won't be caughtup in planning ahead for future population growth.A．tackleB．challengeC．relieveD．eliminate33. The teacher made strenuous efforts to read the faint, _____________ handwriting in hisstudents' exercise books.A．illegalB．illiterateC．illegibleD．illustrative34. One of the reasons for his popularity in our village is that he ____ almost everyoneevery time he comes back from the big city.A．looks afterB．cares forC．asks afterD．runs for35. We hope to be able to get married early this month,but things didn't ____ as we hadexpected.A．work outB．come byC．fill upD．lay down36. To ensure maximal voter participation in a presidential election,thorough planning and a voter registrationare usually required.A．restrictionB．encouragementC．investigationD．drive37. He was such a busy man that after a long delay,he ____ writing the letter.A. got around toB. look forward toC. passed on toD. took up with38. When people do not _____ to an acceptable standard of behavior,they are bound to offendother people.A. confirmB. conformC. confineD. confound39. This unconventional theory was at first greeted with a good deal of _______________ ,but soon thosewho had laughed at him realized how wrong they were.A. barrierB. accusationC. ridiculeD. elimination40. Being _____ by nature,he could not help asking questions whenever he asw something unusual.A. fantasticB. optimisticC. questionableD. inquisitivePart n Cloze TestDirections : For each numbered blank in the following passage , there are four choices labelledA, B, C and D.Choose the best one and put your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points ) From the earliest days the conviction has been growing among the American people and their leaders that the state must be responsible for seeing that its citizens have a certain amount of education.That the state has this responsibility 41 the state constitutions,the hundreds of school laws in each state, and the 42 of decisions of local , state , and 43 courts. 44 , education has come to be 45 regarded as a state function.The assumption of educational control by the stateis 46 accidental ；state control has comebecause of the early and ever growing belief that education is the backing of a democratic government and cannot , 47 , be left too much 48 the wishes ofany individual or of any communit y」n a democracy the people cannot be permitted to remain 49although some of them might desire that 50 . —41.A.shows B.showi ng C.show n by D.is shownby42.A.scale B.scores C.am ountD.qua ntities43.A.cou ntry B.n ati onal C.federal w44. A.In brief B.ln particular C.ln con seque nee D.lnadditi onneed achievers typically set impossibly high goals for their children and make extremeparent will solve the problem and then hand the child the answer.That needs for affiliation and achievement exist within all of usis undeniable.And although biological bases for at least the affiliation a great deal more is known about the psychological bases of these needs and how they come about.,social , and psychological motivations do.51. Parents of high need achievers __________ .A. usually leave their children aloneB. set very high standards for their childrenC. allow for failure on the part of their childrenD. control their children to a minimum degree 52. In the fourth sentence of paragraph 1, the expression “berate their children ” probablymeans _____ . A. praise them B. neglect them C. scold them45. A.c on fide ntially B.i ncide ntally C.uni versally D.i nternatio nally46. A. not 47. A.however48. A.to49. A.ignorance D.ignoran tlyB.o nlyC.actually B.therefore C.for B.for C.of B.ig nored B.sta ndard Part 山 Reading ComprehensionD.perhapsexample D.above all D.agai nst C.ig norant C.status D.ide ntity Directions : Each of the passages below is followed by some questions.For each question there arefour answers marked A , B , C and D.Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 pointsPassage 1Research indicates that parents who reward selfcontrol and independence tend to have children with high achievement motivation.Such parentsset high standards for their children butallow them to work at their own level and to make their own mistakes.By contrast,parents of low demands 」n addition , parents of high need achievers encourage good performance but do not berate their children when they fail.If a child comes homefrom school with four A's andone B on a reportcard , the parents focus on the A's “Why the B? ” Parents of high；parents of a potential lowneed achiever tend to askneed achievers respond to mediocre grades with warmth andsuggestions for reasonable goals and ways to reach them.Parents of low need achievers mightsay , You're dumb and lazy you'll never amount to anything , and punish the child.When a child is having trouble with a math problem , the parent of a potentiallyhighneed achiever will suggestthe general procedure and let the child work out the particular solution ；a low need achiever's,to varying degreesneed have been proposed , Closely related to motivation are emotions,which can activate and direct behavior in much the same way as physiologicalD. beat them53. If a child gets good marks for some courses and lower marks for others , a parent of ahigh need achiever will ________ .A. criticize him for the lower marks and praise him for the goodB. praise him and give some suggestions for further improvementC. praise him for the good marks and reward himD. criticize him for the lower marks and punish him54. The passage is mainly about the role of _____ .A. reward in promoting their children's studyB. self control and independence in child growthC. emotional reaction in promoting achievementD. praise in promoting desired behaviorPassage 2A question that has puzzled anthropologists for years whether the uniquely human habitof bipedalism (walking upright on two limbs ) developed suddenly among our ancient ancesters or occurred gradually over time-received new attention in September 1988.Anthropologist WilliamL.Jungers of State University of New York reported evidence that australopithecines , humanlike creatures who lived between 1 million and 4 million years ago, probably moved in a manner similar to both human beings and apes, suggesting that bipedalism was a gradual development in early human beings.Jungers compared the hip and leg joints of apes.He noted that in human beings these joints are exceptionally large relative to body size.This is because they bear all of the body's weightwhen a person is standing」n apes, however, the leg and hip joints are smaller because apes also use their forelimbs for support.Jungers then examined the hip and leg joints of an australopithecine skeleton nicknamedLucy and found that its joints display both humanlike and apelike characteristics , Jungers concluded that Lucy's physical development-as well as that of other australopitheciness-falls somewhere between human beings and apes.While australopithecines may have walked in an upright manner, their gait was probably far different from the upright movement exhibited by modern human beings.55. Jungers'finding showed that ____ .A. human beings walked upright later than australopithecinesB. bipedalism might have developed suddenly in early humansC. early humans might have learned to walk gradnallyD. human beings evolved from australopithecines rather than from apes56. Jungers'report was based upon his comparison of ____ .A. the body size of people, apes and australopithecinesB. the skeleton of people, apes and australopithecinesC．the hips and leg joints of people, apes and australopithecinesD．the size of hip and leg joints of modern people and australopithecines57. Which of the following is TRUE about Lucy according to Junger? A．Lucy walked more like apes than likehuman beings. B．Lucy moved her steps in the same manner as people. C．Lucy might walk quitedifferently from modern man. D．Lucy had hip and leg joints like people's.58. Why is the size of the hip and leg joints imortant in establishing the human habit of bipedalism?A．they support human body in an upright position.B．they are the only observable evidence in australopithecines study.C．the evolution of the joints is the fastest in animals.D．they mark the major difference between humans and humanlike animals.Passage 3Mounting evidence has led astronomers to just such an improbable conclusion ：At least 90 percent and possibly 99 percent of all matter in the universe is completely invisible.Astronomers call this invisible stuff dark matter.An astronomer first reported the invisible matter after noting some unusual behaviour in visible matter.In 1933 ，Swiss astrophysicist Fritz Zwicky observed that galaxies （星系）in a cluster of galaxies travelled at higher speeds than expected.He concluded that something was causing strange gravitational effects on these galaxies.Galaxies are like vast islands in deep space containing billions of stars that are held together by the force of gravity.Some galaxies are part of larger systems called clusters ，which contain many galaxies.Most galaxies ，however ，belong to smaller systems called groups. Groupsand clusters in turn form even larger structures known as superclusters. Just as the force of gravity keeps stars together in galaxies ，so the force of gravity appears to keep galaxies together in clusters.This same force of gravity keeps planets orbiting around the sun，rather than flying off into space.How great a force gravity exerts depends on the mass of the objects attracted and the distance between them，a principle discovered by Newton. The amount of mass and the distance between objects also determine how fast the objects travel as they orbit each other. For example ，in oursolar system ，the sun is the most massive object ，making up about 99 ．9 percent of the mass of the solar system ，and the force of its gravity keeps Earth and the other planets in orbit around it.The orbital speeds of the planets decline with increasing distance from the sun.The planet nearest to the sun ，Mercury ，travels at an orbital speed of 48 kilometers per second ，while the distant planet Pluto orbits at speed of 4 ．7 kilometers per second.59. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Ninety percent of all the matter in theuniverse is invisible. B．Dark matter causes visible matter to behave in a strange way.C. Galaxies in a cluster sometimes behave in an unusual manner.D. invisible matter keeps galaxies together with gravity. 60. In astronomical terms, a cluster _____ .A. consists of galaxiesB. consists of groupsC. makes up superclustersD. makes up a group61. The nearer a planet is to the sun, _____ .A. the lighter it isB. the greater gravity it exertsC. the heavier it isD. the faster it orbits62. According to Newton's principle, ____ .A. the force of gravity keeps planets orbiting around the sun rather than flying offB. the sun is the most massive object, making up 99 . 8 percent of the mass of the solarsystemC. the amount of mass determine how fast the objects travel as they orbit each otherD. Pluto receives the least force of gravity from the sun of all the planets in the solar systemPassage 4A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes , as a rule , to have it retold inidentically the same words , but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as sacred texts 」t is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book , and , if a parent can produce what , in the actual circumstances of the time and the individual child , is an improvement in the printed text , so much the better.A charge madeagainst fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic（虐待狂的） impulses.To prove the latter , one would have to show in a controlledexperiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often guilty of cruelty than those who hadnot.Aggressive , destructive , sadistic impulses every child has and , on the whole , their symbolic verbal discharge seems to be rather a safety valve than an incitement to overt action.As to fears , there are , I think , well authenticated（实际的） cases of children being dangerouslyterrified by some fairy story.Often, however , this arises from the child having heard the storyonce.Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are notobjectivelytrue , that giants , witches , two headed dragons , magic carpets , etc. , do not exist ；and that , instead of indulging his fantasies in fairy tales, the child should be taught how to,the world should be full of madmen attempting to fly （扫帚把）or covering a telephone with kisses infriend.No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of the external world and no sane全的）child has ever believed that it was.argue with the m 」f their case were sound from New York to Philadelphia on a broomstick the belief that it was their enchanted girl（健63. The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is ____A. repeated without variationB. treated with correct attitudeC. adapted by the parentD. suited to the age of the child64. Some people dislike fairy stories because they feel that they ____A. tempt people to be cruel to childrenB. show the primitive cruelty in childrenC. lend themselves to undesirable experiments with childrenD. increase the tendency to be aggressive in children65. The author thinks that fairy stories are a means by which children's impulses maybe _______________A. beneficially channelledB. given a destructive tendencyC. held back until maturityD. effectively suppressed66. According to the author, fairy tales _____ in a child.A. create no fear at allB. create no confused feelingC. create too many fantasiesD. create a sense of guiltinessPassage 5One of the easiest approaches to solving the greenhouse problem is to make our use of energy more efficient.An outstanding example of success in this area is the increase in gasoline mileage achieved by automobile manufacturers since the late 1970's. Most engineers say that much more fuel economy can be built into cars.Still another approach involves attacking the other side of the carbon dioxide dilem ma-increasing the absorption of the gas from the atmosphere」n September 1988,Daniel J.Dudek,a senior economist for the Environmental Defense Funds,an independent organization,proposed such an approach to the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.Dudek said that 4 million hectares of new forest could absorb all the carbon dioxide emitted by all the U.S.power plants likely to be built in the next decade.Replanting that many hectares of farmland as forest would cost between $ 1 billion and $ 2 billion,according to Dudek,but would be a costeffective alternative in battling global warming.Was the very hot summer of 1988 caused by the greenhouse effect, or was it just a random variation in Earth's fickle（无常的）weather? It really does not matter,say many atmosphericscientists.Global warming is on the way,and it is time,according to them,to take action to avoid a worse outcome than nature itself decrees.As Schneider puts it, “It is often said that we do not so much inherit the world fromour forebears,but rather we borrow it from our childre n.It is increasingly67. In the second sentence, “the oustanding example of success ” here refers to theimprovement on ____ .A. the quality of gasolineB. street conditionsC. the speed of the carD. the design of the car engine68. As a solution to the greenhouse problem, Dudek suggests _____ .A. using fewer cars than necessaryB. stopping factories from emitting carbon dioxideC. improving the quality of factory equipmentD. rebuilding and creating forests69. In the third sentence of paragaph 3, by saying that “global warming is on the way••” ,theauthor means ____ .A. the atmosphere is too hot to be bearableB. the earth is becoming increasingly warmC. global warming is becoming uncontrollableD. global warming is now within easy control70. When Schneider says "…we borrow it from our children. ” ,he means __________ .A. we should work out a good method to control global warming and pass it onto our childrenB. we should make the future world a better place for our children to live inC. in the days of our children, global warming will gorw out of controlD. global warming will go on to affect the life of our children anywayPart IV English-Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(15 points)(71) One of the most critical problems facing black and other minority Americans today ______________ is the difficulty of entering mainstream society without denying their own racial and ethnic heritage .The process can be an agonizing one,and it sometimes leads to disaster.On June 12,1985,Edmund Perry was shot and killed while attempting to rob a plainclothes police officer.(72) Perry was black and a resident of Harlem;he was also a graduate of one of the nation's finest prep schools and was preparing to enter Stanford University on a full scholarship 」n “The TwoWorlds of EdmundPerry ” ,Robert Sam Anson relates the details of this star student's double lifeand examines the unique pressure of being caught between two radically different social realms.(73) This sense of doubleness experienced by many nonwhite Americans makes it difficult ___________ to establish a stable personal identity . Barbara Mellix's “From Outside,In ” offers a solutionto the problem.Raised in the rural South,the author learned two languages-one to be used when speaking to family and friends,the other when speaking to whites.(74) Years later,after enrolling in a writing course at a northern university,she attempted to negotiate a way between her own language and the language of others:I could not-in the process of composing-use the language of the old me,yet I couldn't imagine myself in the language of “others ”. In time ,however,she learned to shape her own experience in her own words.(75) Writing,she suggests,provided a valuable toolin helping to establish a balance between her two worlds .Part V Writing(15 points)Directions:A. Title:NATURAL GAS PRODUCTIONThe additional information:a. The estimated natural gas reserves are 33000 billion cubic metres.b. Large gas fields or areas have been discovered in northwest and northeast China.B. Time limit:40 minutesC. Word limit:no less than 150 words (not including the given topic sentences)D. Your composition should be based on the given topic sentences of each paragraph.E. Your composition should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.OUTLINE:1. Natural gas is an energy different from other energies.2. According to the chart above …3. As it is reported that China is rich in natural gas.Qulpult of ga*研究生入学考试模拟英语试题［17］讲评：［词汇与结构］［完型填空］［阅读理解］［英译汉］［写作］Part I Structure and VocabularySection A1. (C) lest后接that从句时，从句中谓语应用“shoul d动词原形"表示虚拟。