08级本科翻译—词类转换 大三上学期英语专业翻译课件

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2020年9月17日星期四
accurate(力求精确);afraid; anxious; angry; ashamed(惭愧); aware; careful ;certain; content(满足); confident; delighted(高兴); doubtful; familiar; glad ;grateful(感激); ignorant(不知道); sorry (遗憾);sure thankful ;uncertain。如:
他回来时,收音机仍然开着,因为他离开时忘记关了。
2020年9月17日星期四
二、转译成名词
1.动词转译成名词 (1)由名词派生的动词,如:
a. Your work is characterized by lack of attention to details. 你工作的特点(毛病)是不注意细节。
b. To them, he personified the absolute power. 在他们看来,他就是绝对权力的化身。
b. After the crops are in, they will start autumn sowing. 等庄稼收进来后,他们要开始播秋。
c. The librarian told me that the book was out. 图书管理员告诉我那本书借出去了。
d. When he went back, the radio was still on, for he had forgotten to turn it off when he left.
a. Both of the substances are soluble in water. 两种物质都能溶于水。
b. The fact that she was able to send a message was a hint. But I had to be cautious.
她能够给我带个信这件事就是个暗示,但是我还得小心谨 慎。 (2)英语中用来表示知觉、感情、欲望等心理状态的形容词和系 动词一起构成复合谓语时,一般译成动词。最常见的此类形容词有:
众所周知,中国女性已走出家门,自由地参加工作了。
c. She married a man of her own choice against her parents’ will. 她违背了父母的意愿,嫁给了一个(她)自己选择的男人。
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3. 形容词转译成动词
(1)可以转换成汉语动词的英语形容词,以现在 分词、过去分词(本身具有动词词性)和与动词同 词根的形容词为主。如:
a. Millions ontainous areas are finally off poverty.
千百万山区人民终于摆脱了贫困。
b. As we know, women in China are now freely taking part in work outside their homes.
c. The manager is grateful to the customers for their valuable suggestions.
经理感谢顾客们提出宝贵意见。
2020年9月17日星期四
4.副词转译成动词
a. As he ran out, he forgot to have his shoes on. 他跑出去时,忘记了穿鞋子。
发言人一个接一个表示要打倒帝国主义,要消灭人剥削人 的制度,要解放世界上被压迫的人民。
2020年9月17日星期四
b. The 1967 UN document calls for the settlement of the Middle East conflict on the basis of Isreali withdrawal from occupied territories and Arab acknowledgement of Isreali right to exist.
c. In the economic field, the international situation is characterized by a reexamination of traditional concepts and ideas concerning the relations between nations, the redivision of wealth and the exercise of economic power.
a. We are not content with our present achievement. 我们并不满足于现有成就。
b. Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life.
医生们说他们不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。
a. The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.
看到我们那喷气式飞机,听见那隆隆的响声,我感到心驰神往。
2020年9月17日星期四
2.介词转译成动词 ◆英语中的介词尤其丰富。一些介词,尤其是那些 具有动词意义的介词或介词词组,在汉译时常常转 换成动词。如:
词类转换
2020年9月17日星期四
词类转换是指英语中的某一词类译成汉语时转换 成另一词类。
一、转译成动词
1.名词转译成动词 ◆英语中由动词派生过来的名词、具有动作意义的名词或 某些其他的名词在汉译时常常转换成动词。 (1)由动词派生过来的名词(多见于政论文体中),如:
a. One after another, speakers called for the downfall of imperialism, abolition of exploitation of man by man, liberation of the oppressed of the world.
1967年联合国文件要求在以色列撤出所占领土以 及阿拉伯承认以色列的生存权的基础上来解决中 东问题。
c. Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙。
(2)具有动作意义的名词(多见于记叙、描写文体中),如:
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