谈谈法律英语中的专业词汇

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法律英语知识点归纳

法律英语知识点归纳

法律英语知识点归纳法律英语是指在法律领域中使用的英语语言和术语。

对于从事国际商法、国际仲裁、国际贸易等方面的工作人员来说,掌握法律英语是非常重要的。

本文将详细介绍一些常用的法律英语知识点。

一、法律体系及法律原则1. Common Law(普通法):源于英国的法律制度,以判例为基础,注重司法判决的先例。

2. Civil Law(民法):法律体系以法典为基础,强调通过法典和条例规范法律事务。

3. Statute(法令):由立法机关制定通过的具有法律效力的规定。

4. Case Law(判例法):法院对特定案件的判决和裁决形成的先例,对类似案件具有法律约束力。

5. Precedent(先例):判决或裁决后的法律准则,被认为可以指导类似案件的判决。

6. Hierarchy of Laws(法律等级):指不同法律的优先级别,一般按照宪法、法令、法律、法规、命令、条例等顺序排列。

二、合同法1. Contract(合同):双方达成的协议,包括权利和义务。

2. Offer(提议):要约,表明愿意与他人达成协议。

3. Acceptance(接受):对提议的同意。

4. Consideration(对价):作为一方履行合同义务的回报。

5. Breach of Contract(违约):未能按照合同约定履行义务。

6. Force Majeure(不可抗力):无法预见或控制的事件,免除违约责任。

7. Jurisdiction(管辖权):法院对案件有管辖权的能力。

8. Damages(赔偿金):违约方需支付给另一方的经济损失补偿。

9. Termination(终止):合同约定的条件下,解除合同关系。

三、知识产权法1. Intellectual Property(知识产权):由创造性思维产生的无形资产。

2. Copyright(版权):保护个人作品的权益。

3. Patent(专利):保护新发明的独特性和可产业化的权益。

4. Trademark(商标):区分商品来源的标志。

法律专业英语词汇介绍

法律专业英语词汇介绍

法律专业英语词汇介绍法律专业英语词汇介绍今天店铺给大家精心准备了法律专业的.大部分英语词汇,虽然法律似乎离我们很遥远,但是,必备的法律专业的词汇也是需要我们了解的,希望对大家的英语学习有帮助!1.法律事务1.legal business2.草签合同2.initial a contract; sign a referendum contract; ad referendum contract3.长期合同3.long-term contract4.偿付能力4.solvency capability of reimbursement5.超越代理权5.beyond the scope of one’s power of agency6.法人权限6.corporate power7.法人人格7.corporate personality8.法人身份8.status of a legal person9.撤消合同9.cancellation of contract10.撤销合同10.cancel a contract; rescind a contract; avoid a contract11.撤销权11.right of rescission; right of revocation12.撤销要约12.revocation of offer; revoke an offer13.法人团体13.corporation14.法人资格14.corporate capacity15.刑事审判庭15.criminal tribunal16.刑事诉讼16.criminal proceedings17.刑事诉讼法17.Criminal Procedural Law18.刑事自诉状18.self-incriminating criminal complaint19.证据保全19.preserve evidence20.分析能力20.analysis ability21.调查取证21.investigation and gathering for evidence22.调解22.mediation23.调解书23.mediation24.二审案件24.case of trial of second instance25.发送电子邮件25.send e-mail26.法律顾问26.legal consultants27.法律意见书27.legal opinions28.法律援助28.legal aid29.法律咨询29.legal counseling30.法庭30.division; tribunal31.法学博士学位31.LL.D (Doctor of Laws)32.法学会w society33.法学课程33.legal courses34.法学硕士学位34.LL.M (Master of Laws)35.法学系35.faculty of law; department of law36.法学学士学位36.LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)37.法学院w school38.法院公告38.court announcement39.反诉状39.counterclaim40.房地产律师40.real estate lawyer; real property lawyer 下载全文下载文档。

法律英语重点专业词汇解析

法律英语重点专业词汇解析

法律英语重点专业词汇解析1. 法律英语概述法律英语是法学专业中的重要分支之一,涉及到法律文件、合同、法律案例等与法律相关的各种文字材料。

掌握法律英语的专业词汇对于理解和应用法律文本具有重要意义。

2. 法律英语重点专业词汇在法律英语中,有许多准确而专业的词汇需要掌握。

以下是一些常见的法律英语专业词汇的解析:- Act: 法案,指一项通过国会或议会法律程序,成为法律的法案。

- Arbitration: 仲裁,指由第三方解决争议的法律程序。

- Defendant: 被告,指在法庭上被控告的一方。

- Injunction: 禁令,指法院颁发的禁止某些行为的命令。

- Jurisdiction: 管辖权,指法院有权处理某一特定案件的权力。

- Litigation: 诉讼,指通过法律程序解决争议的过程。

- Patent: 专利,指一项新的发明或发现的独特技术。

- Plaintiff: 原告,指在法庭上提起诉讼的一方。

- Tort: 侵权行为,指侵犯他人权益的非法行为。

- Waiver: 放弃,指明确放弃某种合法权利的行为。

3. 法律英语研究方法了解法律英语的专业词汇是研究法律英语的基础。

以下是一些研究法律英语的方法:- 积累词汇:通过背诵和记忆法律英语的专业词汇,增加词汇量和理解能力。

- 阅读法律文本:阅读法律文件、合同和案例,提高对法律英语的理解和应用能力。

- 借助工具:使用法律英语词典、翻译软件等工具,提供准确、专业的词汇解释和翻译。

4. 结论法律英语的专业词汇对于学习和理解法律文本具有至关重要的意义。

通过积累词汇、阅读法律文本以及借助工具,我们可以提高对法律英语的掌握和应用能力。

希望这篇文档能够为学习法律英语的同学们提供一些帮助。

法律英语词汇学习

法律英语词汇学习

法律英语词汇学习1. 引言法律英语是法律学习的重要组成部分,掌握法律英语词汇是理解和运用法律文件的基础。

本篇文档将介绍一些常用的法律英语词汇,帮助读者更好地理解和运用法律英语。

2. 常用法律英语词汇2.1 法律文件在学习法律英语之前,首先需要了解一些常见的法律文件类型。

以下是一些常用的法律文件的英文表达:•Constitution: 宪法•Statute: 法令•Regulation: 规定•Ordinance: 条例•Decree: 法令/法令书•Directive: 指令•Treaty: 条约•Agreement: 合同•Contract: 合同•Memorandum of Understanding (MoU): 谅解备忘录2.2 法律流程和程序学习法律英语,也需要了解一些常见的法律流程和程序。

以下是一些常用的法律流程和程序的英文表达:•Lawsuit: 诉讼•Hearing: 审理/听证会•Trial: 审判•Appeal: 上诉•Verdict: 裁决•Judgement: 判决•Defendant: 被告•Plntiff: 原告•Witness: 证人•Subpoena: 传票•Petition: 请愿•Settlement: 和解2.3 法律术语掌握常用法律术语对理解法律文件和案件非常重要。

以下是一些常见的法律术语的英文表达:•Legal liability: 法律责任•Breach of contract: 违约•Intellectual property: 知识产权•Tort: 侵权行为•Negligence: 过失•Force majeure: 不可抗力•Injunction: 禁令•Liability insurance: 责任保险•Statute of limitations: 诉讼时效•Confidentiality agreement: 保密协议•Arbitration: 仲裁3. 学习方法3.1 阅读法律文件阅读法律文件是学习法律英语的重要方法之一。

常用的法律英语术语

常用的法律英语术语

常用的法律英语术语法律英语是一种特殊的语言体系,由法律术语组成。

对于研究法律的学生和从事法律工作的专业人士来说,熟悉常用的法律英语术语是非常重要的。

本文将介绍一些常见的法律英语术语,并提供简单的解释。

下面是一些常见的法律英语术语:1. Lawsuit(诉讼)诉讼是指在法院提起的一系列法律程序,目的是解决法律纠纷。

在诉讼过程中,原告向法院提出指控,被告进行辩护,并且法院最终做出裁决。

诉讼是解决法律争议的一种正式途径。

2. Plaintiff(原告)原告是在一起诉讼中提起诉讼的一方。

原告将被告带入法庭,并寻求法院对其主张的支持。

3. Defendant(被告)被告是在一起诉讼中被指控的一方。

被告需要在法庭上进行辩护,并试图反驳原告提出的指控。

4. Contract(合同)合同是由两个或多个当事人之间达成的法律协议。

合同规定了各方的权利和义务,可以是书面或口头形式。

合同是保障当事人权益的重要法律文件。

5. Breach of Contract(合同违约)合同违约是指合同一方未能履行其在合同中规定的义务。

当一方未能履行合同条款时,另一方可以采取法律行动来追求赔偿或解除合同。

6. Tort(侵权行为)侵权行为指的是一方在未获得另一方同意的情况下,通过行为或不行为给另一方造成了伤害或损失。

常见的侵权行为包括人身伤害、财产损失等。

7. Negligence(疏忽)疏忽是指一方在行为上未能按照合理的标准行事,从而给他人造成伤害或损失。

在法律上,如果被告以不合理的方式行事,并因此给原告造成了损害,那么可以被认定为疏忽。

8. Crime(犯罪)犯罪是指违反法律的行为。

根据犯罪的严重程度,有不同的刑事罪名和相应的刑罚。

犯罪行为可能包括盗窃、谋杀、强奸等。

9. Plaintiff’s Attorney(原告律师)原告律师是代表原告在诉讼过程中提供法律援助的专业人士。

原告律师负责收集证据、起草法律文件,并代表原告出庭。

10. Defendant’s Attorney(被告律师)被告律师是代表被告在诉讼过程中提供法律援助的专业人士。

法律英语重点专业词汇研究

法律英语重点专业词汇研究

法律英语重点专业词汇研究引言法律英语是法学专业研究的重要组成部分,掌握法律英语的关键词汇对于法学专业学生来说至关重要。

本文将研究法律英语中的重点专业词汇,对其涵义和用法进行探讨,以帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些词汇。

专业词汇研究1. StatuteStatute是英美法系中常用的重要词汇,指的是由立法机关通过的正式法律文件。

Statute在法律英语中常被翻译为“法令”或“法规”,其在法学领域中扮演着重要的角色。

2. JurisdictionJurisdiction是指法院或其他法律机构行使法律权力的范围和权力。

在英语中,jurisdiction可指特定地区的管辖权,也可指法院对某个特定案件的管辖权。

3. DefendantDefendant是指在民事诉讼或刑事诉讼中被控告的被告方。

在法律英语中,defendant常用于指代民事诉讼中的被告方,相对应的,刑事诉讼中的被告方通常被称为accused。

4. PlaintiffPlaintiff是指在民事诉讼中提起诉讼的原告方。

Plaintiff是一个重要的法律英语词汇,对于理解民事诉讼程序和原告方权利义务有重要意义。

5. ContractContract是指双方或多方通过书面或口头协议达成的法律约束力的协议。

Contract是商业和民事法领域中常见的术语,在法律英语中它可被翻译为“合同”。

6. TortTort是指民事法上的侵权行为,包括不法行为、疏忽行为和故意行为等。

Tort是法学专业中的重要概念,对于理解民事责任和损害赔偿有重要意义。

7. ConstitutionConstitution是指国家或组织内部的基本法律文件。

Constitution通常规定了国家行政机构的职权、公民的权利和义务等内容,是国家法律体系的核心。

8. PrecedentPrecedent是指判例法中的判决和裁定,它在英美法系中具有重要意义。

Precedent是法律英语中常见的词汇,它指的是法院在之前类似案件中做出的决策,对后续案件具有指导意义。

法律英语专业词汇汇总

法律英语专业词汇汇总

法律英语专业词汇汇总一、律师部分案件受理费 court acceptance fee案情重大、复杂 important and complicated case案由 cause of action案子 case包揽诉讼 monopolize lawsuits被告 defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件) 被上诉人 appellee被诉人 respondent; defendant本案律师 councel pro hac vice本地律师 local counsel毕业证 diploma; graduation certificate辩护词 defense; pleadings辩护律师 defense lawyer辩护要点 point of defense辩护意见 submission财产租赁 property tenancy裁定书 order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定)裁决书 award(用于仲裁)裁决书 verdict(用于陪审团)采信的证据 admitted evidence; established evidence草拟股权转让协议 drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条 source legal provisions产权转让 conveyancing出差 go on errand; go on a business trip出国深造 further study abroad出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion出示的证据 exhibit出庭 appear in court传票 summons; subpoena答辩状 answer; reply代理词 representation代理房地产买卖与转让 agency for sale and transfer of real estate代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记 agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations代理仲裁 agency for arbitration代写文书 drafting of legal instruments待决案件 pending case当事人陈述 statement of the parties第三人 third party吊销执业证 revocation of lawyer license调查笔录 investigative record调查取证 investigation and gathering for evidence调解 mediation调解书 mediation二审案件 case of trial of second instance发送电子邮件 send e-mail法律顾问 legal consultants法律意见书 legal opinions法律援助 legal aid法律咨询 legal counseling法庭 division; tribunal法学博士学位 LL.D (Doctor of Laws)法学会 law society法学课程 legal courses法学硕士学位 LL.M (Master of Laws)法学系 faculty of law; department of law 法学学士学位 LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)J.D ( juris doctor缩写,美国法学学士)法学院 law school法院公告 court announcement反诉状 counterclaim房地产律师 real estate lawyer; real property lawyer非合伙律师 associate lawyer非诉讼业务 non-litigation practice高级合伙人 senior partner高级律师 senior lawyer各类协议和合同 agreements and contracts公安局 Public Security Bureau公司上市 company listing公诉案件 public-prosecuting case公证书 notarial certificate国办律师事务所 state-run law office国际贸易 international trade国际诉讼 international litigation国内诉讼 domestic litigation合伙律师 partner lawyer合伙制律师事务所 law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice合同审查、草拟、修改 contract review, drafting and revision 会见当事人 interview a client会见犯罪嫌疑人 interview a criminal suspect兼职律师 part-time lawyer监狱 prison; jail鉴定结论 expert conclusion缴纳会费 membership dues举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi决定书 decision勘验笔录 record of request看守所 detention house抗诉书 protest控告人 accuser; complainant跨国诉讼 transnational litigation劳动争议 labor disputes劳动争议仲裁委员会 arbitration committee for labor disputes劳改场 reform-through-labor farm; prison farm利害关系人 interested party; party in interest律管处处长 director of lawyer control department律师 lawyer attorney; attorney at law律师惩戒 lawyer discipline律师法 Lawyer Law律师费 lawyer fee律师函 lawyer's letter律师见证 lawyer attestation/authentication律师见证书 lawyer certification/authentication/witness 律师卷宗 lawyer's docile; file律师刊物 lawyer's journal律师联系电话 contact phone number of a lawyer律师事务所 law office; law firm律师收费 billing by lawyer律师网站 lawyer website律师协会 National Bar (Lawyer) Association律师协会会员 member of Lawyer Association律师协会秘书长 secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association 律师协会章程 Articles of Lawyer Assocition律师业务室 lawyer's office律师执业证 lawyer license律师助理 assistant lawyer律师资格考试 bar exam; lawyer qualification exam律师资格证 lawyer qualification certificate民事案件 civil case民事调解 civil mediation民事诉讼 civil litigation派出所 local police station; police substation判决 judgement(用于民事、行政案件);determination(用于终审);sentence(用于刑事案);verdict(由陪审团作出)旁证 circumstantial evidence企业章程 articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw 企业重组 corporate restructure起诉状 information; indictment取消律师资格 disbar全国律师代表大会 National Lawyer Congress缺席宣判 pronounce judgement or determination by default人民法院 People's Court人民检察院 People's Procuratorate认定事实 determine facts上诉案件 case of trial of second instance; appellate case上诉人 appellant上诉状 petition for appeal涉外律师 lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters申请复议 administrative reconsideration petition申请加入律师协会 application for admission to Law Association 申请人 petitioner; claimant申诉案件 appeal case申诉人(仲裁) claimant; plaintiff申诉书 appeal for revision, petition for revision实习律师 apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period实习律师证 certificate of apprentice lawyer视听证据 audio-visual reference material适用法律 apply law to facts受害人 victim书证 documentary evidence司法部 Ministry of Justice司法建议书 judicial advise司法局 Judicial Bureau司法局副局长 deputy director of Judicial Bureau司法局局长 director of Judicial Bureau司法统一考试 uniform judicial exam送达 service of process诉讼 litigation; action; lawsuit诉讼当事人 litigation party; litigious party诉讼业务 litigation practice诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim 推销法律服务 promote/market legal service外国律师事务所 foreign law office委托代理合同 authorized representation contract委托代理人 agent ad litem; entrusted agent委托授权书 power of attorney物证 material evidence嫌疑人 criminal suspect项目融资 project financing项目谈判 project negotiating刑事案件 criminal case刑事诉讼 criminal litigation行政诉讼 administrative litigation休庭 adjourn the court; recess宣判 pronounce judgement; determination宣誓书 affidavit业务进修 attendance in advanced studies一审案件 case of trial of first instance与国外律师事务所交流 communicate with foreign law firms原告 plaintiff证券律师 securities lawyer证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit执行笔录 execution record执业登记 registration for practice执业范围 scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area 执业申请 practice application执业证年检 annual inspection of lawyer license仲裁 arbitration仲裁案件 arbitration case仲裁机构 arbitration agency专门律师 specialized lawyer专职律师 professional lawyer; full-time lawyer 撰写法律文章 write legal thesis资信调查 credit standing investigation自诉案件 private prosecuting case二、诉讼法律案件 case案件发回 remand/rimit a case (to a low court) 案件名称 title of a case案卷材料 materials in the case案情陈述书 statement of case案外人 person other than involved in the case 案值 total value involved in the case败诉方 losing party办案人员 personnel handling a case保全措施申请书 application for protective measures 报案 report a case (to security authorities)被告 defendant; the accused被告人最后陈述 final statement of the accused被告向原告第二次答辩 rejoinder被害人 victim被害人的诉讼代理人 victim's agent ad litem被上诉人 respondent; the appellee被申请人 respondent被申请执行人 party against whom execution is filed 被执行人 person subject to enforcement本诉 principal action必要共同诉讼人 party in necessary co-litigation变通管辖 jurisdiction by accord辩护 defense辩护律师 defense attorney/lawyer辩护人 defender辩护证据 exculpatory evidence; defense evidence辩论阶段 stage of court debate驳回反诉 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim驳回请求 deny/dismiss a motion驳回上诉、维持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling驳回诉讼 dismiss an action/suit驳回通知书 notice of dismissal驳回自诉 dismiss/reject a private prosecution驳回自诉裁定书 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case补充答辩 supplementary answer补充判决 supplementary judgement补充侦查 supplementary investigation不公开审理 trial in camera不立案决定书 written decision of no case-filing不批准逮捕决定书 written decision of disapproving an arrest不起诉 nol pros不予受理起诉通知书 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court 财产保全申请书 application for attachment; application for property preservation裁定 order; determination (指最终裁定)裁定管辖 jurisdiction by order裁定书 order; ruling裁决书 award采信的证据 admitted evidence查封 seal up撤回上诉 withdraw appeal撤诉 withdraw a lawsuit撤销立案 revoke a case placed on file撤销原判,发回重审 rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial出示的证据 exhibit除权判决 invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)传唤 summon; call传闻证据 hearsay答辩 answer; reply答辩陈述书 statement of defence答辩状 answer; reply大法官 associate justices; justice大检察官 deputy chief procurator代理控告 agency for accusation代理申诉 agency for appeal代理审判员 acting judge代为申请取保候审 agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving弹劾式诉讼 accusatory procedure当事人陈述 statement of the parties当庭宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court地区管辖 territorial jurisdiction地区检察分院 inter-mediate People's Procuratorate第三人 third party调查笔录 record of investigation定期宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date 定罪证据 incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence冻结 freeze督促程序 procedure of supervision and urge独任庭 sole-judge bench独任仲裁员 sole arbitrator对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施 compulsory measures against impairment of civil action对席判决 judgement inter parties二审 trial of second instance二审案件 case of trial of second insurance 罚款 impose a fine法定证据 statutory legal evidence法定证据制度 system of legal evidence法官 judges法警 bailiff; court police法律文书 legal instruments/papers法律援助 legal aid法律咨询 legal consulting法庭辩论 court debate法庭调查 court investigation法庭审理笔录 court record法庭审理方式 mode of court trial法庭庭长 chief judge of a tribunal法院 court法院公告 court announcement反诉 counterclaim反诉答辩状 answer with counterclaim反诉状 counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告 defendant of collateral civil action 复查 reexamination; recheck复验 reinspect高级法官 senior judge高级检察官 senior procurator高级人民法院 Higher People's Court告诉案件 case of complaint告诉才处理的案件 case accepted at complaint告诉申诉庭 complaint and petition division工读学校 work-study school for delinquent children公安部 Ministry of Public Security公安分局 public security sub-bureau公安厅 public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government 公开审理 trial in public公开审判制度 open trial system公示催告程序 procedure of public summons for exhortation公诉案件 public-prosecuting case公诉词 statement of public prosecution公证机关 public notary office共同管辖 concurrent jurisdiction管辖 jurisdiction国际司法协助 international judicial assistance海事法院 maritime court合议庭 collegial panel合议庭评议笔录 record of deliberating by the collegiate bench和解 composition; compromise核对诉讼当事人身份 check identity of litigious parties恢复执行 resumption of execution回避 withdrawal混合式诉讼 mixed action基层人民法院 basic People's Court羁押期限 term in custody级别管辖 subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels 监视居住 living at home under surveillance监狱 prison检察官 procurator检察权 prosecutorial power检察委员会 procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院 procuratorate检察院派出机构 outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易程序 summary procedure鉴定结论 expert conclusion经济审判庭 economic tribunal径行判决 direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice 纠问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings拘传 summon by force; summon by warrant拘留所 detention house举报 information/report of an offence举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi决定书 decision军事法院 military procuratorate开庭审理 open a court session开庭通知 notice of court session勘验笔录 record of inquest看守所 detention house可执行财产 executable property控告式诉讼 accusatory proceedings控诉证据 incriminating evidence控诉职能 accusation function扣押 distrain on; attachment扣押物 distress/distraint宽限期 period of grace劳动争议仲裁申请书 petition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场 reform-through-labor farm劳教所 reeducation-through-labor office类推判决的核准程序 procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence累积证据 cumulative evidence立案报告 place a case on file立案管辖 functional jurisdiction立案决定书 written decision of case-filing立案侦查 report of placing a case on file利害关系人 interested party临时裁决书 interim award律师见证书 lawyer's written attestation; lawyer's written authentication律师事务所 law office; law firm律师提前介入 prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分 exemption from criminal penalty民事案件 civil case民事审判庭 civil tribunal民事诉讼 civil action民事诉讼法 Civil Procedural Law扭送 seize and deliver a suspect to the police派出法庭 detached tribunal派出所 police station判决 judgement; determination判决书 judgement; determination; verdict (指陪审团作出的) 旁证 circumstantial evidence陪审员 juror批准逮捕 approval of arrest破案 clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case破产 bankruptcy; insolvency普通程序 general/ordinary procedure普通管辖 general jurisdiction企业法人破产还债程序 procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation起诉 filing of a lawsuit起诉 sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings起诉状 indictment; information区县检察院 grassroots People's Procuratorate取保候审 the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving 缺席判决 default judgement人民调解委员会 People's Mediation Committee认定财产无主案件 cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity上诉 appeal上诉人 appellant上诉状 petition for appeal少管所 juvenile prison社会治安综合治理 comprehensive treatment of social security涉外案件 cases involving foreign interests涉外民事诉讼 foreign civil proceedings涉外刑事诉讼 foreign criminal proceedings申请人 applicant; petitioner申请书 petition; application for arbitration申请执行人 execution applicant申诉人宣誓书 claimant's affidavit of authenticity申诉书 appeal for revision; petition for revision神示证据制度 system of divinity evidence神示制度 ordeal system审查案件 case review审查并决定逮捕 examine and decide arrest审查起诉阶段 stage of review and prosecution审理通知书 notice of hearing审判长 presiding judge审判长宣布开庭 presiding judge announce court in session 审判管辖 adjudgement/trial jurisdiction审判监督程序 procedure for trial supervision审判委员会 judicial committee审判员 judge审问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings生效判决裁定 legally effective judgement/order胜诉方 winning party省市自治区检察院 higher People's Procuratorate失踪和死亡宣告 declaration of disappearance and death实(质)体证据 substantial evidence实物证据 tangible evidence实在证据 real evidence示意证据 demonstrative evidence视听证据 audio-visual evidence收容所 collecting post; safe retreat首席大法官 chief justice首席检察官 chief procurator受害人的近亲属 victim's immediate family受理 acceptance受理刑事案件审批表 registration form of acceptance of criminal case 受送达人 the addressee书记员 court clerk书记员宣读法庭纪律 court clerk reads court rules书证 documentary evidence司法部 Ministry of Justice司法机关 judicial organizatons司法警察 judicial police司法局 judicial bureau司法厅 judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government司法协助 judicial assistance死缓的复核 judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve死刑复核程序 procedure for judicial review of death sentence死刑复核权 competence for judicial review of death sentence送达 service of process送达传票 service of summons/subpoena送达诉状 service of bill of complaint搜查 search诉 sue; suit; action; lawsuit诉前财产保全 property attachment prior to lawsuit诉讼 litigation; lawsuit; sue; action诉讼保全 attachment诉讼参加人 litigious participants诉讼代理人 agent ad litem诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim特别程序 special procedures提起公诉 institute a public prosecution铁路法院 railway court铁路检察院 railroad transport procuratorate庭审程序 procedure of court trial通缉 wanted for arrest投案 appearance退回补充侦查 return of a case for supplementary investigation 委托辩护 entrusted defense未成年人法庭 juvenile court无行政职务的法官 associate judge无正当理由拒不到庭 refuse to appear in court without due cause 无罪判决 acquittal, finding of " not guilty "物证 material evidence先予执行申请书 application for advanced execution先予执行 advanced execution刑事案件 criminal case刑事拘留 criminal detention刑事强制拘留 criminal coercive/compulsory measures刑事审判庭 criminal tribunal刑事诉讼 criminal proceedings刑事诉讼法 Criminal Procedural Law刑事自诉状 self-incriminating criminal complaint行政案件 administrative case行政审判庭 administrative tribunal行政诉讼 administrative proceedings行政诉讼法 Administrative Procedural Law宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件 cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death宣判笔录 record of rendition of judgement选民资格案件 cases concerning qualifications of voters询问证人 inquire/question a witness训诫 reprimand讯问笔录 record of interrogation询问犯罪嫌疑人 interrogate criminal suspect言词证据 verbal evidence要求传唤证人申请书 application for subpoena一裁终局 arbitration award shall be final and binding一审 trial of first instance一审案件 case of trial of first instance应诉通知书 notice of respondence to action有罪判决 sentence; finding of "guilty"予审 preliminary examinantion; pretrial原告 plaintiff院长 court president阅卷笔录 record of file review (by lawyers)再审案件 case of retrial再审申请书 petition for retrial责令具结悔过 order to sign a statement of repentance债权人会议 creditors' meeting侦查阶段 investigation stage侦查终结 conclusion of investigation征询原、被告最后意见 consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant证据 evidence证据保全 preserve evidence证据保全申请书 application for evidence preservation证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit支付令 payment order/warrant知识产权庭 intellectual property tribunal执行程序 procedure execution执行逮捕 execution of arrest执行和解 conciliation of execution执行回转 recovery of execution执行庭 executive tribunal执行异议 objection to execution执行员 executor执行中止 discontinuance of execution执行终结 conclusion of execution指定辩护 appointed defense指定仲裁员声明 statement of appointing arbitrator中级人民法院 intermediate People's Court中途退庭 retreat during court session without permission 仲裁 arbitration仲裁被诉人 respondent; defendant仲裁裁决 award仲裁申请书 arbitration仲裁申诉人 claimant; plaintiff仲裁庭 arbitration tribunal仲裁委员会 arbitration committee仲裁协议 arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration 仲裁员 arbitrator主诉检察官 principal procurator助理检察官 assistant procurator助理审判员 assistant judge专门法院 special court专门管辖 specific jurisdiction专属管辖 exclusive jurisdiction追究刑事责任 investigate for criminal responsibility 自首 confession to justice自诉案件 private-prosecuting case自行辩护 self-defense自由心证制度 doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence 自侦案件 self-investigating case最高人民法院 the Supreme People's Court最高人民检察院 the Supreme People's Procuratorate最后裁决书 final award三、民事法律法律渊源 source of law制定法 statute判例法 case law; precedent普通法 common law特别法 special law固有法 native law; indigenous law继受法 adopted law实体法 substantial law程序法 procedural law原则法 fundamental law例外法 exception law司法解释 judicial interpretation习惯法 customary law公序良俗 public order and moral自然法 natural law罗马法 Roman Law私法 private law公法 public law市民法 jus civile万民法 jus gentium民法法系 civil law system英美法系 system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系 civil law system普通法 common law大陆法 continental law罗马法系 Roman law system英吉利法 English law衡平法 equity; law of equity日尔曼法 Germantic law教会法 ecclesiastical law寺院法 canon law伊斯兰法 Islamic law民法法律规范 norm of civil law授权规范 authorization norm禁止规范 forbidding norm义务性规范 obligatory norm命令性规范 commanding norm民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则 principle of equality自愿原则 principle of free will公平原则 principle of justice等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则 principle of good faith行为 act作为 act不作为 omission合法行为 lawful act违法行为 unlawful act民事权利权利能力 civil right绝对权 absolute right相对权 relative right优先权 right of priority先买权 preemption原权 antecedent right救济权 right of relief支配权 right of dominion请求权 right of claim物上请求权 right of claim for real thing形成权 right of formation撤销权 right of claiming cancellation否认权 right of claiming cancellation解除权 right of renouncement代位权 subrogated right选择权 right of choice承认权 right of admission终止权 right of termination抗辩权 right of defense一时性抗辩权 momentary right of defense永久性抗辩权 permanent counter-argument right不安抗辩权 unstable counter-argument right同时履行抗辩权 defense right of simultaneous performance 既得权 tested right期待权 expectant right专属权 exclusive right非专属权 non-exclusive right人身权利 personal right人权 human right人格权 right of personality生命健康权 right of life and health 姓名权 right of name名称权 right of name肖像权 right of portraiture自由权 right of freedom名誉权 right reputation隐私权 right of privacy私生活秘密权 right of privacy贞操权 virginity right身份权 right of status亲权 parental power; parental right亲属权 right of relative探视权 visitation right配偶权 right of spouse荣誉权 right of honor权利的保护 protection of right公力救济 public protection私力救济 self-protection权利本位 standard of right社会本位 standard of society无责任行为 irresponsible right正当防卫 justifiable right; ligitimate defence 防卫行为 act of defence自为行为 self-conducting act紧急避险 act of rescue; necessity自助行为 act of self-help不可抗力 force majeure意外事件 accident行为能力 capacity for act意思能力 capacity of will民事行为 civil act意思表示 declaration of intention意思表示一致 meeting of minds; consensus完全行为能力 perfect capacity for act限制行为能力 restrictive capacity for act准禁治产人 quasi-interdicted person保佐 protection自治产人 minor who is capable of administering his own capacity 无行为能力 incapacity for act禁治产人 interdicted person自然人 natural person公民 citizen住所 domicile居所 residence经常居住地 frequently dwelling place户籍 census register监护 guardianship个体工商户 individual business农村承包经营户 leaseholding rural household 合伙 partnership合伙人 partner合伙协议 partnership agreement合伙财产 property of partnership合伙债务 debt of partnership入伙 join partnership退伙 withdrawal from partnership合伙企业 partnership business establishment 个人合伙 partnership法人合伙 partnership of legal person特别合伙 special partnership普通合伙 general partnership有限合伙 limited partnership民事合伙 civil partnership隐名合伙 sleeping partnership; dormant partnership 私营企业 private enterprise; proprietorship法人 legal person企业法人 legal body of enterprise企业集团 group of enterprise关联企业 affiliate enterprise个人独资企业 individual business establishment国有独资企业 solely state-owned enterprise中外合资企业 Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise 中外合作企业 Sino-foreign contractual enterprise 社团法人 legal body of mass organization财团法人 legal body of financial group联营 joint venture法人型联营 association of legal persons合伙型联营 coordinated management in partnership协作型联营 cooperation-type coordinated management合作社 cooperative民事法律行为 civil legal act单方民事法律行为 unilateral civil legal act双方民事法律行为 bilateral civil legal act多方民事法律行为 joint act civil legal act有偿民事法律行为 civil legal act with consideration无偿民事法律行为 civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award实践性民事法律行为 practical civil legal act诺成性民事法律行为 consental civil legal act要式民事法律行为 formal civil legal act不要式民事法律行为 informal civil legal act要因民事法律行为 causative civil legal act不要因民事法律行为 noncausative civil legal act 主民事法律行为 principal civil legal act从民事法律行为 accessory civil legal act附条件民事法律行为 conditional civil legal act 附期限民事法律行为 civil legal act with term生前民事法律行为 civil legal act before death 死后民事法律行为 civil legal act after death准民事法律行为 quasi-civil legal act无效行为 ineffective act可撤销民事行为 revocable civil act违法行为 illegal act; unlawful act侵权行为 tort欺诈 fraud胁迫 duress乘人之危 taking advantage of others' precarious position以合法形式掩盖非法目的 legal form concealing illegal intention 恶意串通 malicious collaboration重大误解 gross misunderstanding显失公平 obvious unjust误传 misrepresentation代理 agency本人 principal被代理人 principal受托人 trustee代理人 agent本代理人 original agent法定代理人 statutory agent; legal agent委托代理人 agent by mandate指定代理人 designated agent复代理人 subagent再代理人 subagent转代理人 subagent代理权 right of agency授权行为 act of authorization授权委托书 power of attorney代理行为 act of agency委托代理 agency by mandate本代理 original agency复代理 subagency次代理 subagency有权代理 authorized agency表见代理 agency by estoppel; apparent agency 律师代理 agency by lawyer普通代理 general agency全权代理 general agency全权代理委托书 general power of attorney。

法律专业英语词汇

法律专业英语词汇

汉英法律专业词汇(法理、法制史)Jurisprudence, History of Legal Systems按照法律规定:according to law按照确定的份额分享权力:be entitled to rights in proportion to his proper share of the credit按照确定的份额分担义务:assume obligations in proportion to his proper share of the debt案例教学法:case system案例汇编:case book; case report; law report被视为:be deemed as被宣布为非法:be outlawed; be declared illegal比较法:comparative law比较法学:comparative jurisprudence比较法学派:school of comparative jurisprudence比较法制史: comparative legal history比较分析法:method of comparative analysis比较刑法:comparative penal law比较刑法学:comparative penal jurisprudence必然因果关系:positive causal relationship边缘法学:borderline jurisprudence变通办法:adaptation; accommodation补充规定:supplementary provision补救办法:remedial measures不成文法:unwritten law不动产所在地法律:law of the place where the real property is situated; lex loci rei immobilisci 不可分割的权利:impartible right不可抗力:force majuere不可侵犯性:inviolability不可让与性:inalienability不履行法律义务:non-performance of obligation不要式行为:informal act不要因的法律行为:non-causal juristic act不因实效而丧失的权利:imprescriptible right不作为:abstain from an act; act of omission部门法:department law部门规章:regulation参照:consult参照具体情况: in the light of actual conditions参照原文: consult the original亚里士多德: Aristotle柏拉图: Plato德拉古: Draco盖尤斯: Gaius西塞罗:Marcus Tullius Cicero乌尔比安 Ulpianus罗马皇帝优士丁尼一世:Justinian I乌尔比安: Ulpianus西塞罗:Marcus Tullius Cicero优士丁尼皇帝:Justinian《罗马法律汇编》:Roman Digest《民法大全》:Corpus Juris Civilis优士丁尼法典: the Codex Justinianus《优士丁尼民法大全》(《国法大全》):Corpus Juris Civilis《十二表法》: Twelve Tables拿破仑法典: The Code Napolean《日耳曼法》:Germanic law《教会法大全》Corpus Juris Canonici《汉穆拉比法典》: Code of Hammurabi《保护人权与基本自由公约》(1950) :Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1950 (罗)查士丁尼法典:Code Justinian; Codex Justinianus查士丁尼法规汇编: Authenticum《德国民法典》:German Civil code《大宪章》(1215) :Great Charter, 1215(英)欧洲大陆法: continental law南京条约: (1843) Treaty of Nanking, 1843罗马-日耳曼法系: Roman-Germanic family罗马私法: Jus Privatum罗马法学派: school of Romanists家庭法: family law教会法:canon law罗马法理学: jurisprudential教会法学家 decretalists罗马法:Roman Law; Jus Romanum罗马法系: Roman-Law System(古罗马的)元老院: the Senate超出法律范围的:outside of law超出法律权限的:extralegal超过权限: exceed authority; beyond jurisdiction成文法: written law冲突法: conflict of laws; rules of conflict冲突规则: conflict rule; rule of conflict除(本法)另有规定外: except for otherwise stipulated (by this law)除外条款: provisory clause除外责任条款: exclusion clause触犯公共利益: encroach on the public interests触犯国际利益:go against the state’s interests触犯人民利益: encroach on the interests of the people; go aga inst the people’s interests传统法律观念: traditional ideas of law纯粹法学: pure theory of law次要法规: by law次要规则: secondary rule从宽解释原则: doctrine of liberal construction从权利: accessory right达到法定年龄: come of age大法: the fundamental law大法官:Lord High Chancellor大陪审团 grand jury大法官法院:Court of Chancery大陆法系:Continental Legal System大律师:barrister《大明律》:Criminal Law of the Ming Dynasty (中)《大清律例》:the Criminal Laws of the Qing Dynasty (中) 单行法规:specific regulations单一法律体系:unitary legal system单一制政府:unitary government但书:proviso当代法学动向:current trend of jurisprudence当然解释: natural interpretation党纪国法:party discipline and the law of the country道德规范:norm of morality道德义务: moral obligation第二读:second reading第三读: third reading二元论:the dualistic theory二元君主立宪制: dual constitutional monarchy system二元论: the dualistic theory二元论者:dualist二元制: bicameral system法的本质: the nature of law法的变化:changes of law法的定义:definition of law法的发展:development of law法的分类: divisions of law法律概念: legal concept法的概念: concepts of law法的规范作用:normalized usage of law法的继承:succession of law法律的理想:ideal of law法律的权威: authority of law法律的失效:lapse of law法律的实施:administration of law; law enforcement法律的适用:application of law法律的统一: unification of law法律的推定: presumption of law法律的推理: analogy of law法律的完整性: integrity of law法律的效力范围:force’s scale of law法律的效力形式:force’s form of law法律的修改:alteration of law法律的演进: evolutin of law法律的原理: principle of law法律地位平等:equal in legal status法律对人的效力:personal act of law编纂法律方法: legal methodology法律分类: classification of law法律赋予权力: authority conferred by law法律改革: law reform法律根据: legal basis法律工作者: legal professional法律关系:legal relation法律关系的运行: process of legal relation法律关系客体: object of legal relation法律关系主体: subject of legal relation法律规定:provisions of law法律规范: norm of law法律规范的逻辑结构: logical structure of legal rule 法律规则体系: system of legal rules法律含义: intendment of law法律另有规定:otherwise stipulated by law法律现象:legal phenomenon法律研究:legal research法律要件: legal requirement法律依据: legal basis法律意见: legal advice法律意见书:legal opinion法律意识: law-consciousness法律意义: legal sense法律用语: legal language法律与正义先验论: a prior theory of law and justice 法律渊源: source of law法律原本注释: gloss法律原理: legal doctrines法律原则: principle of legality法律援助:legal aid法律约束: legal binding; legal restraint法律责任: legal responsibility法律责任的道义基础: moral basic of legal obligation法律责任的归结: imputaton of legal responsibility法律责任的认定: determination of legal responsibility法律责任的执行: enforcement of legal responsibility法律责任客体: object of legal responsibility法律责任主体: subject of legal responsibility法律哲学:philosophy of law; philosophie du droit (法);philosophia juris 法律政策: policy of the law法律职业道德: legal ethics法律指导: legal counsel法律制裁: legal sanction法律制度: regime of law; legal system法律秩序: legal order法律主体资格: capacity as a subject of law法律主张: proposition of law法律属地原则: territoriality of laws法律著述: legal literature法律专家: legal expert法律专业: legal profession法律专著和教科书: legal treatise and textbook法律咨询: legal advice法律尊严:legal sanctity法盲: legal illiterates法权: right法社会学: sociology of law法系: legal system法协会: law society法学: jurisprudence法学士: bachelor of law法学博士: doctor of jurisprudence法学导论: leading principles of law法学的范畴体系: the system of categories of jurisprudence法学的范畴意识: the consciousness of category of jurisprudence法学的基石范畴: fundamental categories of jurisprudence法学方法: method of jurisprudence法学方法论: methodology of jurisprudence法学院: faculty of law; law school法学会: law society法学教科书:law textbooks法学理论: theory of law; legal theory法学权威: an academic authority in law法学体系: system of jurisprudence法学通论: first principles of law法医: forensic medicine法医学: forensic medicine法院: court法院调查: judicial investigation法院管辖权: competence of court法院管辖以外的: extrajudicial法院判决: court decision法院系统: court structure法院组织法: judicature act法则: articles法哲学: philosophy of law法制:legal institution法制传统: tradition of law system法制的精神: spirit of legality法制的尊严: dignity of the legal system法制观念: legal concept法制观念淡薄: very weak in the understanding of law法制教育: legal education; education of legal system法制史: legal history; history of legal system法治: rule of law法治的机制: the mechanism of rule of law法治的要素: the element of rule of law非实质的: immaterial非营利的: non-profit非约束性条款: permissive provision废止法律: annulment of law分别管辖权: separate jurisdiction分别财产制: separation of property regime分别规定: separate provision分担责任: share the responsibility分工负责,互相配合,互相制约: divide responsibility for their own work; coordinate their efforts and check each other分工负责制: division of labor responsibility system分级管理: different levels holding different responsibilities分配制度: distribution system分析法理学: analytical jurisprudence否决权: power veto; veto power否认事实: denial of facts服从法律: amenable to law; subject to the law服从判决: accept a judgment符合程序: be in order符合法律: be in conformity with law符合原则: be in conformity with the principle概括裁定: general verdict概括继承: general succession干扰司法公正: interference with course of justice刚性条款: entrenched clause岗位责任制: post responsibility system高度集中: highly centralize高度民主: high level of democracy高度自治权: high degree of autonomy搁置: set aside; abeyance格式条款: clause of style公认的行为准则: established standard of conduct规避法律: in fraud of law规避义务: evade obligations规范的法律规则: normative rule of law规范法学: normative jurisprudence规范性法律文件: normalizative document of law规范性法律文件的规范化: normalization of normative legal document 过错方: tort-feasor; wrongdoer过错推定原则: doctrine of presumption过错责任: liability for wrongs; tort liability合并条款: consolidation of provisions合法的个人财产: legal personal property合法地位: legal status合法权益: the lawful rights and interests合法行为: lawful acts; legality of purpose合宪性: constitutionality衡平法: equity衡平法规则: rule of equity衡平法学: equity jurisprudence衡平法院: Court of Chancery (美);Court of Equity (英)后法取代前法: A later statute takes away the effect of a prior one. 后法优于前法: lex posterior derogat priori户籍所在地:the place where his residence is registered互为因果: reciprocal causation基本法: fundamental law基本法律规范: basic norm of law基本方针: basic policies基本权利和义务: basic rights and duties基本司法概念和假设: basic legal conception and assumption技术性法规: technical legal rule建立法律关系:create legal relations解释法律的技术规则: technical rule of interpretation解释权: power of interpretation近因: immediate cause禁治产人: imbecile; interdicted person经常居住地:habitual residence经法律确认的: ascertained by law经法律许可: authorized by law经验法学: scholastic theories of law纠问式审判: trial by inspection or examination 具有法律约束力的文件: legally binding instrument 具有同等效力的: with equal authenticity具有约束力的判例: binding precedent绝对衡平法: absolute equity君主立宪制度: constitutional monarchy开罗会议: Cairo Conference凯恩斯主义: keynesianism可撤销的法律行为: revocable juristic act可让与性: alienability可用法律强制执行的: enforceable at law可预见的: foreseeable可直接适用的法律: directly applicable law可追溯的: retrospective客观条件: objective condition客观因素: objective factor客体: object扩充解释: amplified interpretation理论法理学派: theoretical jurisprudence school 理性决定说: theory of rational decision理性认识: conceptual knowledge历史法学: historical jurisprudence历史法学派: historical school of law历史解释: historical interpretation立法机构:legislative body立法权: law-making power; legislative power立法委任权: legislation mandate立法效力: legislative effect立法议案 bills立法者: law-maker; legislator立宪: constitutionalism利益冲突: conflict of interests利害关系人:interested person连带法律关系: joint legal relations连带责任: joint and several obligation论理解释: logical interpretation逻辑解释: logical interpretation马克思主义法律理论: Marxism-leninism马克思主义法学:Marxist jurisprudence马克思主义法学家: Marxist jurist没有事实根据的: unsubstantial美国国际法协会: American Institute of International Law美国海事法庭: Admiralty Courts of the U.S.A.美国联邦地区法院: United States district courts美国联邦法官: federal judge没有法律依据的: lawless没有判决先例的案件: case of first impression民法典: civil code民法法系:Civil-Law System民法通则: General Principles of the Civil Law民法学: science of civil law民事案件中“占有优势证据”的原则:“by a preponderance of evidence” in civil cases 民事权利能力:the capacity for civil rights民事权益:civil rights and interests民事诉讼法学: Civil Procedure Law民事制裁: civil punishment; civil sanction民政部门:the civil affairs department明代法规: laws and regulations of Ming Dynasty明示或默示的: express or implied默示表达: communication by implication内部规章: internal regulations纳妾制: concubinage拟制理论: fiction theory拟制买卖: mancipatio偶然权利: contingent right偶然因果关系: fortuitous causal relationship偶然因素: accidentalia偶因: accidental cause排他的权利: right to exclude all others派生的权利: derived right派生取得: derivative acquisition判例法系: Case Law System普通法法系: Common-Law System判例法系: Case Law System判例汇编: reports; reports of judgments普通法: common law普通法法系: Common-Law System普通法上的补偿: common-law remedy普通法上的过失: common-law negligence普通法上的留置权: common-law lien普通法学: general jurisprudence强制办法: coercive method强制规定: mandatory provisions强制性法规: mandatory rule of law强制性条款: mandatory term侵犯财产权: property torts侵权行为法: tort law侵权责任: tortious liability清理法规: check up laws and regulations区域性法律体系: regional system of laws取证: obtain evidence确权之诉: affirmative petitory action; cause for ownership affirmation 确认之诉: action for confirmation; actio confessoria权威解释: authentic interpretation人法: human law, statute personalia人格减等: capitis deminutio人身不可侵犯: inviolability of the person人身非财产关系: personal non-property relations人身关系: personal relation任意解释: arbitrary interpretation柔性宪法: flexible constitution三权分立: separation of powers善意推定: presumption of good faith商法: commercial law商法典: code of commerce社会法学:sociological jurisprudence社会关系: social relations社会规范: social regulation社会连带主义法学: social solidarism jurisprudence社会契约论: theory of social contract社会团体:social organization社会主义法学: socialist jurisprudence社会主义法制: socialist legal system; socialist rule of law神法: divine law神权说: theory of divine right审查制度: censorship; inspection system审计监督: supervise through auditing审计监督权: power to supervise through auditing生效条款: operative clause失效法律: expired laws失效日: expiry date施行细则: implementary provisions实证主义法学派: the positivist school实体法: material law; substantial law实体法上的抗辩: substantial defense实体权利: substantive right实用主义法学: judicial pragmaticism实在法: positive law实在法学: positive jurisprudence实在法学派: positivist实在主义法学: positivist jurisprudence实证法学: positive jurisprudence实质条款: material stipulation实质性的瑕疵: defect of substance实质性解释: material interpretation事实的推定: presumption of fact事业单位:institution适用法律: reference to the law; applicable law适用范围: area of application; sphere of application适用中国法律:be governed by the law of PRC (The law of PRC shall apply to) 溯及既往原则: doctrine of retroactivity溯及力: retrospect; retrospective effect损害赔偿: damages梭伦: Solon弹性宪法: elastic constitution特别程序: special procedure特别但书: special proviso特别法: special law特殊主体: special subject提案:motion; overture; proposal提出抗辩: raise a plea; raise a plead条约法: law of treaties同态复仇: retaliation推定合法:presumption of legality停止生效:cease to have effect外国法: foreign law外国法制史: foreign legal history外国人待遇: foreigner treatment完全民事权利能力:full capacity for civil conduct完全丧失行为能力的人: person entirely incapable of legal transaction完全无行为能力: absolute disability万民法: jus gentium违法构成要件: essential condition of delict违宪: violation of constitution无国籍人:stateless persons无条件解释: unconditional interpretation无效的法律: void law无效法律行为: void act; act without legal effect物权: property习惯法:custom law细则: detailed rules and regulations; details by-laws狭义解释: narrow definition下文另有规定者除外: except as hereinafter provided先决条件:precedent condition; prerequisite现实主义法学: realism jurisprudence现行法律: current law; existing law限制解释: restrictive interpretation无国籍人:stateless persons无条件解释: unconditional interpretation无效的法律: void law无效法律行为:void act; act without legal effect物权: property习惯法:custom law细则: detailed rules and regulations; details by-laws狭义解释: narrow definition下文另有规定者除外: except as hereinafter provided先决条件: precedent condition; prerequisite现实主义法学: realism jurisprudence现行法律: current law; existing law限制解释: restrictive interpretation相对主义法学: relativist jurisprudence新分析法学: new analytical jurisprudence新律: New Law , Novellae行为规范: code of conduct学说编纂:the Pandekta形式主义法学: formalist jurisprudence严格解释: strict interpretation严重不法行为: aggravated misconduct; gross misbehavior严重违法: break the law on a serious scale要件: important condition; essential condition一般客体: general object一般权利能力: general legal capacity一般主体: general subject一事不再理的保证: guarantee against double jeorpardy依法办案: handle cases according to law依法独立行使职权: independent exercise of powers within the framework of the law 依照法律的规定: as prescribed by law以法律为准绳: take law as the criterion依法治国: genuine rule of law; running the country according to law义务性规范: obligatory rule义务主体: subject of duty英美法系: Anglo-American Legal System永恒法: eternal law有法必依: ensure that laws are observed有法律约束力: legally binding有条件解释: conditional interpretation有效期间: time of effect; term of validity与法律规定不符: against the forms of the statute与法律相抵触的行为:act going against the law域外效力: extraterritorial effect援引法律条文: invoke a legal provision约束力: binding; binding effect在法律的范围内: within the law暂行条例:interim regulations; provisional regulation整体法学: integrative jurisprudence正当权益: justified rights; legitimate interests正式解释: official interpretation正式渊源: formal source政法学院: institute of political science and law知法犯法: deliberately break the law执法必严:ensure that law’s enforcement be strict执法人员: law enforcement officials执行权: enforcement power直接故意 actual intent; direct intent直接后果:immediate consequence直接客体: direct object直接主体: direct subject制定法: statute治外法权: extraterritoriality; extraterritorial jurisdiction中端时效: interrupt the running of the statute of limitation中国大陆的法律:law of China’s mainland中国法制: Chinese legal system中国法制史: Chinese legal history中国特色的社会主义法制: socialist legal system with Chinese character中华法系: Chinese legal system《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》:the Basic law of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China主要法律体系:principal legal system自然法: natural law自然法学派: natural law school组成合议庭开庭审理:form a collegial panel to conduct the trial最高国家权力机关: highest organ of state power最高人民法院的解释:interpretation of supreme people’s court遵循先例原则:The Doctrine of Stare作为或不作为: act or omission宪法学行政法学Constitution and Administrative Laws制宪权:constituent power宪法的解释: interpretation of constitution宪法修正案: constitution amendment宪法学: constitutional jurisprudence成文宪法written constitution不成文宪法unwritten constitution符合宪法: constitutionality符合宪法的法律 constitutional law刚性宪法: rigid constitution马伯里诉麦迪逊案: Marbury vs. Madison抽象行政行为: abstract administrative act非法活动: unlawful activities非法利益: unlawful interests非法手段: illegal means非强制性行政行为: non-coercive form of administrative action非正式的:informal; irregular非政府机关: non-governmental organization非主要条件: non-essential stipulation非专业的: non-professional国家赔偿案件: case of state compensation国家赔偿的归责原则: principle of culpability for state compensation国家赔偿的双重过错原则: principle of dual faults for state compensation国家赔偿法: state compensation law国家赔偿主体: subject of state compensation行政法: administrative law; executive law行政法规: administrative laws and regulations行政法学: administrative jurisprudence行政解释: administrative interpretation行政救济: administrative remedy治安管理: security administration治安条例: security regulations高级人民检察院:Higher People’s Procu ratortate国家权力机关: state authority国际审判机关: state judicial organs国家行政机关: state administrative organs国家意志:state’s will国家职能: function of the state国民待遇: national treatment公安部: Ministry of Public Security公安分局: public security sub-bureau公安厅: public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government地方各级人民代表大会:local people’s congresses at different levels地方各级人民法院:local people’s courts at different levels地方各级人民检察院:local people’s procur atorates at different levels地方各级人民政府:local people’s governments at different levels罚款: impose a fine刑法学Criminal Laws犯罪预防: crime prevention预防犯罪: anti-crime帮助当事人毁灭、伪造证据罪: crime of aiding a client to destroy or forge evidence绑架妇女儿童罪: crime of kidnapping women and children包庇、纵容黑社会性质组织罪: crime of harboring a mafia-style syndicate包庇毒品犯罪分子罪: crime of harboring drug criminals报复陷害罪:case of retaliation and frame-ups必要共同犯罪: indispensable joint crime并科原则: doctrine of cumulating punishments剥夺权利:deprival of rights不能犯: impossibility; unrealized offense参加恐怖活动组织罪: crime of taking part in an organization engaged in terrorist activities 超越管辖权: excess of jurisdiction超越职权范围:overstep one’s authority惩办和宽大相结合:combine punishment with leniency惩办少数、改造多数的原则: principle of punishing the few and reforming the many惩罚措施: punitive measure惩罚性制裁: punitive sanction惩罚与教育相结合: combination of punishment and education处以刑罚: inflict punishment处以有期徒刑: sentence to fixed-term imprisonment触犯法律: break the law; violate the law抽逃出资罪: crime of flight of capital contribution出口骗税犯罪活动: criminal activities of cheating out of tax rebates in export出售伪造发票罪: crime of selling counterfeit currency出于对法律的无知: from ignorance of law出于恶意: from malevolence从轻处罚: gie a lesser punishment从重处罚: give a severer punishment单位受贿罪: crime of bribe taken by a unit单一犯罪构成: single constitution of crime盗伐林木罪: crime of illegally chopping down trees; crime of illegally felling trees盗窃、抢夺枪支、弹药、爆炸物罪: crime of stealing or seizing guns, ammunition or explosives 盗窃犯: theft act; larcenist渎职犯罪案件:case of dereliction of duty对象不能犯: object impossibility多次作案: repeatedly commit crimes罚不当罪: punishment does not fit the crime犯意: criminal intent; mens real犯罪低龄化: lowering ages of criminal offenders犯罪动机: criminal motive犯罪构成: constitution of a crime; constitutive elements of a crime犯罪构成要件: special constitutive elements of crime犯罪故意: criminal intent; guilty intent; meas rea犯罪集团: criminal gang; criminal group犯罪客观要件: objective circumstances of a crime犯罪客体: criminal object; object of a crime犯罪实行终了: completion of a criminal act犯罪学: criminology犯罪中止: discontinuance of crime; desistance of crime犯罪主观方面要素: subjective elements of crime犯罪主体: subject of crime犯罪着手: initiate a crime犯罪组织: criminal organization贩卖毒品罪: drug offense; crime of drug trafficking防卫过当: unjustifiable self-defense防卫挑拨: instigation of defense; provocation of defense防卫限度: limit of defense防止类似事件重演: prevent the recurrence of similar incidents妨碍公务罪: crime of disrupting public service妨害公共安全罪: crime of impairing public security放弃权利: withdraw a claim; waive a right非法持、私藏枪支、弹药罪: crime of illegally holding or hiding a firearm or ammunition 非法持有毒品罪: crime of illegally holding drugs非法干涉: illegal intervention非法干预: unlawful interference非法出售增值税专用发票罪: crime of illegal selling invoice for exclusive use of VAT诽谤罪: crime of defamation隔地犯: offense of segregation by location隔时犯: offense of segregation by time工具不能犯: impossibility of instruments故意犯罪: calculated crime; intentional crime故意杀人罪: crime of intentional homicide故意伤害罪: crime of willful and malicious injury管辖:jurisdiction惯犯: habitual criminal惯例: custom and usage过失犯罪: criminal negligence; involuntary crime; negligent crime黑社会性质的犯罪集团: gangland criminal syndicate; mafia-style criminal gang缓期二年执行: with a two-year reprieve缓刑: probate cessat executio集合犯: aggregate offense; collective offense既遂犯: accomplished crime继续犯: continuous crime加重处罚: give an aggravated punishment beyond the maximum prescribed假冒他人注册商标罪: crime of counterfeiting the registered trademark of another假释: parole假想防卫: imaginative defense假想数罪: imaginatively several crimes简单共同犯罪: simple joint crime间接故意: indirect intent; indirect iintentino教唆未遂: attempt of solicitation劫持船只、汽车罪: crime of hijacking a ship or an automobile劫持航空器罪: crime of skyjacking结果犯: consequential offen结果加重犯: aggregated consequential offense结合犯: combinative crime; integrated offense se拒不执行人民法院判决、裁定罪:crime of refusing o execute judgments or orders of the People’s Court 具结悔过: make a statement of repentence具体行政行为: specific administrative act具体罪名:concrete accusation绝对不确定法定刑: absolutely indeterminate statutory punishment军人违反职责罪: crimes of soldiers violating military dutie抗税罪: offense of resisting taxes客体不能犯: object impossibility空白罪状: blank facts about a crime滥伐林木罪: crime of illegal denudation累犯: recidivist; repeat offender; cumulative offense连续犯罪: continuing crime量刑: criterion for sentencing; sentencing criterion量刑不当: criterion for sentence量刑幅度: extent for discretionary action of sentencing虐待罪: cri me of abusing member of one’s family挪用公款案: case of misappropriation of public funds偶犯: casual offender; casual offense情节加重犯: aggravated offense by circumstances情节特别严重: when the circumstances are particularly wicked情节严重、构成犯罪的: when the circumstances are so serious as to constitute a crime取保候审: post a bail and await trial with restricted liberty of moving扰乱公共场所秩序罪: crime of disturbing order at public places刑法: criminal law刑罚: penalty; punishment刑事责任能力: criminal capacity民商法学与经济法学(Civil Laws, Commercial Laws and Economic Laws)按照出资比例:in proportion to one’s respective contributions to the investment办理注销登记:cancel the registration被代理人:the principal被侵权人 the infringed本人名义:in one’s name标的:subject matter补偿制度:compensation system不动产登记制:Lot and Block System财产法: property law财产的添附: accretion of property; property accession财产抵押权: property mortgage财产继承权:the right of inheritance财产关系和人身关系:property relationships and personal relationships财产管理人: property administrator; custodian of property财产混同: confusion; hotchpot财产留置权: encumbrance采用书面形式:in writing仓单: warehouse voucher草签合同: initial a contract; sign a referendum contract; ad referendum contract长期合同: long-term contract偿付能力: solvency capability of reimbursement超越代理权:beyond the scope of one’s power of agency撤消合同:cancellation of contract撤销合同: cancel a contract; rescind a contract; avoid a contract撤销权: right of rescission; right of revocation撤销要约: revocation of offer; revoke an offer撤销遗赠: cancellation o will; revocationi of will承运人: actual fault of the carrier承运人的留置权:carrier’s lien诚信原则: principle of good faith诚实信用原则:principle honesty and credibility; principle of honestry and good faith; good faith principle ; bona fide principle船舶承租人: charterer船舶抵押权: right of mortgage with respect to a ship; mortage of the ship; ship mortgage船舶抵押权的设定: establishment of mortgage of the ship船舶抵押的消灭: extinguishments of the mortgage of the ship船舶抵押权登记: registration of ship mortgage船舶留置权: possessory lien; lien of ship村民委员会:the village committee惩罚性的损害赔偿: punitive damages乘人之危:take advantage of one’s unfavorable position处分财产: dispose of properties处分权: act of disposition处分原则: principle of disposition代理民事活动:be represented in civil activities by代理权终止:the expiration of one’s power of agency单独承担的责任: undivided responsibility单方法律行为:unilateral obligation单方行政行为: unilateral administrative act等价有偿:making compensation for equal value对等原则:principle of reciprocity对价:consideration对抗措施:counter measure对人权:right in personam; personal right对世权: real right; right in rem恶意串通:conspire maliciously恶意行为:ill will mala fides法人: judicial person; legal body法人的权利能力: legal capacity of juristic person法人的责任能力: capacity for responsibility of juristic person法人权限: corporate power法人人格: corporate personality法人身份: status of a legal person法人团体: corporation法人资格: corporate capacity法人组织章程:the articles of association of the legal person负共同连带责任: liable jointly and severally负全部责任: bear all responsibilities; in all charge负有解释的义务: accountable负有连带义务的每个债务人:each of the joint debtors附带的条件: incident附带要求: contingent claim附带原因: contributory cause; inherent cause附条件的民事法律行为:conditional civil juristic acts附条件的权利: conditional right赋予权力: entitle个体工商户:individual businesses个人合伙:individual partnership各尽所能,按劳分配: from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs 给付定金:leave a deposit with the other party工商行政管理机关:the administrative agency for industry and commerce公民基本义务: fundamental duties of citizens合同:contract合同法:contract law合同副本: copies of the contract合同规定: contract provisions/stipulations合同履行地法: lex loci contractus合同期限:contract period (or contract term)合同条款:contract terms (or contract clause)。

法律英语词汇整理

法律英语词汇整理

Part One Basis of Legal English公证人:notary专门名词;术语:terminology故意的;蓄意的:deliberate责任:obligation对等的,互惠的:reciprocal分期付款:instalment上述的;前述的:aforesaid不当:inappropriate审理委员会;特别法庭:tribunal否认:negative诉讼:litigation赔偿;补偿:compensation提起(申请等);提起(诉讼等);把……登记备案:file质询(书):interrogatories否定:denial小册子:booklet常设的;永久的:permanent调解、调停:mediation法官;裁判官;法官席:bench一致的:unanimous强制的;不得上诉的:peremptory财产保全;查封;扣押:attachment赔偿金:damages泄露:divulge举证责任:theburdenofproof宪法的:constitutional入侵:invasion租约:lease成文法:statute样式条款:boilerplate clause无效的:null and void其他以外:inter alia= among others:abatement将……遗赠:bequeath起源:provenance扣押:seizure本金:the principal sum规定,条款:provision 立遗嘱者:testator承租人:tenant等同;同价物:equivalent终止:termination开端:commencement制定:formulation恐吓,威胁:intimidate议会,国会:parliament不可撤销的:irrevocable拆分;分立:split传唤;传讯:summon诉讼当事人:litigant辩解;申诉;事实陈述:allegation伪证;伪证罪:perjury庭外采证:deposition控告(某人)犯罪:impeach(法庭上证人的)证词:testimony仲裁:arbitration无陪审团员的审判:bench trail(陪审团的)裁决,判决,结论:verdict批捕令;搜查令:warrant留置权,扣押权:lien欺诈,误导:deceive侵权:infringement诉讼案件:lawsuit控告:prefer动产:chattel执行者:executor诉状:pleading公司面纱:corporate veil全部,所有的人:all and sundry保释:bailment宣告无效:annul报酬:emolument扣押财物:distress拘押:hold合适和恰当:fit and proper争议,纠纷或索赔:dispute ,controversy or claim承诺, 同意和契约:promise ,agree and 储蓄:deposits covenant原告:plaintiff被告:defendant承认:admission回避:forcause交叉盘问:cross examination诉由不成立:no cause清偿保证书:satisfaction发回重审:relitiganteback宣誓过的:sworn法典注释:annotated code法律顾问:barrister汇票:bill of exchange引证:citation or cite编成法典:codify最高上诉法院:courtoflastresort法庭书记官:courtreporter法律汇编:digest(写在判决书前面的)摘要:headnote 名义上的当事人:nominal party律师助手:paralegal州长:sheriff遵循先例:staredecisis摘要:synonym法令:wirt悬而未决的陪审团:hung jury拉丁语:Bona fide = good faith 善意Ex parte =from one side 片面的In r e =in the matter of 关于,对于Percapita=by l eads 人均对价:consideration汇票:draft票据:instrument 诉状:complaint代表自己,自辩:pro se(withoutanattorney )和解协议:settlement协商;法律顾问:counsel专家证人:expertwitness无效审判:mistrial推翻:overturn自由心证:power of discretionary先行本:advancesheet法警:bailiff受益人:beneficiary最佳证据:bestevidence传讯者:citator法令:decree记录法庭:court of record授权立法:delegatedlegislation备审案件目录表:docket对答案有诱导性的提问:leadingquestion初审管辖:original jurisdiction被告:respondent单行本:slip law(判决书的)判决理由/说明:syllabus正式起诉书:true bill传票:subpoena习惯法:commonlawDe novo =anew 重新;更始Habeas corpus =you should have the body人身保护令Non obstance verdioto =notwithstanding the verdict 否定裁决Per curiam =by the court 引用法官判词相对人:counterpart兑现:honor请求:motionChapter Two American Legal Regime美国联邦上诉法院:United States Court of =巡回上诉法院:Federal Circuit AppealsfortheFederalCircuit最高法院:Supreme Court中级上诉法院:intermediateCourts美国案例选编:American Law Reports 上诉法院:Court of Appeals高级法院上诉庭:Appellate Division ,Supreme Court法律百科全书:Corpus Juris Secundum任命:nominate等级制度;统治集团:hierarchy地方法官,治安官:magistrate遗嘱检验法庭:probate court仲裁人:arbiter无效;废弃:nullification疏忽,过失;粗心大意:negligence渊源;根源:source合理的:equitable证词,证据:testimony挑选陪审团的过程:voir dire强制的;不得上诉的:peremptory审议:deliberation审判官似的;调查官似的;爱打听的:inquisitorial对抗性的,敌对的:adversarial审理委员会;特别法庭:tribunal送还,还押;发回重审:remade抵押;抵押品;质权:pledge成文法;制定法:statuarylaw判例,先例:precedentAdj. 适当的Vt. 占用,侵吞:appropriate传票;引证:citation控告,起诉:prosecution证人证言:affidavit全体陪审员:panel大陪审团:grand jury分配,分布:distribution过错相抵:contributory negligence专利池:patent pool纠问式:inquisitorial system of justice诉讼文件移送命令:certiorari驳回:dismiss暂停:stay异议:dissent抗辩制度:adversarial system公平的:impartial公告,宣告:announcement处理:dispose 任期:tenure司法权,管辖权;管辖范围:jurisdiction 转让(法律权利或义务):assign少年法庭:juvenile court对(指诉讼,比赛中等);相对:versus 执行,施行,实施(法律等);免除:dispense 支持者;建议者;提出认证遗嘱者;提出证据的人:proponent立法机关;立法机构;立法部;(特指)州会议:legislature挑选陪审团成员:impanel陪审员名单:array自由裁量权:discretion当事人;诉讼委托人:client偏一方的:partisanVt.仲裁,裁判N.裁判,仲裁人:umpire上诉的,受理上诉的:appellate前提:premise发誓:swear依照法令的;法定的:statuary制定(法律);颁布:enactAdj. 立法的,有立法权的N.立法权;立法机构:legislative竞合:concurrence概要,大纲:synopsis复审:review再审:rehear参议院:Senate僵局:deadlock有效:valid篡改:tamper证据规则:evidentiary r ules纠错法院:CourtofErrors撤销:vacate中止:order发回重审:remand特权:privilege主张,用户:advocacy自认犯罪:self-incrimination有说服力的法律依据:persuasive authority 廉正:integrity苏格拉底问法:socraticmethod 法律术语:legalese附录:appendix出庭律师:attorney of record 顾问:consultant法官的附带意见:dictum委托书:engagement letter出口许可证:export license许可证协议:license agreement公证人:notary public公民投票权:referendum法定时效:statuteoflimitation分区条例:zoning ordinanceChapter Three Constitutional Law司法权:judicial power合法化,正当性:legitimacy海事管辖权:maritime jurisdiction 全权:plenary power终身任期:life tenure 民事诉讼:civilprocedure法律联合会:legal fraternity公司章程:article o f i ncorporation计费工时:billable hour标准:criterion网域名称:domain name当庭提出证据:exhibit合营企业:jointventure贷款申请:loan application专利申请书:patentapplication股东,股票持有人:shareholder可撤销的合同:voidablecontract合法的:legitimate海事法,海商法:admiralty按照,根据:pursuant to/in pursuance of 阐明:set forth被授予、赋予(权利):be vested with原始(初审)管辖权:original(trial )jurisdiction 上诉管辖权:appellate jurisdiction自动生效:self-executing 共同管辖权,并存管辖权:concurrentjurisdiction参考司法性(或审判)解释:advisory opinions 做出裁判、裁决:rendition做出裁判裁决,判处:render 串通诉讼:collusive suits 模拟诉讼:mootcases成熟原则:ripeness doctrine确认判决,宣告是判决:declaratoryjudgment 诉由,诉讼资格:standing可归因于:be attributable to裁决,裁定:ruling不适用联邦管辖权(以避免和州管辖权的冲突):abstain待决的,未决的:pendingV. 阻却、禁止N. 阻碍、阻却因素;法律界:bar立法权:legislative power默示的权利:impliedpower 可救济性:redressability规避(原则):abstention以……作为前提/条件:bepremisedon禁止、命令、指示:enjoin豁免权:immunity明确列举的权力:enumerated power辅助/附属权利:auxiliary/ancillary power必要与适当条款:necessary and proper clause 实施、实行:carryintoexecution人头税:capitation公共基金开支权:spending power 国会调查权:investigatory power 剥夺……(权利):depriveof/abridgeof 直接税,对财产征收的税:direct taxes 贸易权:commercepower弹劾:impeachment铸币:coinmoney立法权的委托/授予:delegation of legislative 三权分立原则:the separation of power power doctrine促进、助长、推动:in furtherance of公共职权:public functions剥夺公民权法案:bills of attainder程序性的正当程序:procedural due process 平等保护:equal protection个人财产:personal belongings任意的、武断的:arbitrary 申请……:petitionof有溯及力的,溯及既往的:retroactive事后的、有溯及力的、溯及既往的:ex post facto实质性正当程序:substantivedueprocess裁决、判决:adjudication法定权利:entitlement在下、从下:infra严格审查(标准):strict scrutiny(maximum 中登记审查(标准):intermediatescrutiny scrutiny )合理依据、最低审查(标准):rational basis (minimal scrutiny )不合理分类:suspect classification受制于、以……为条件:be subject to 为……量身定做:betailoredto商业条款:Commerce Clause歧视性待遇:disparate treatment纠正歧视行动:affirmativeaction 引发、触发:trigger监禁、禁闭:incarceration主要因素:predominant factor授权条款:enabling provision必要的国家利益:compelling state interest 准嫌疑犯分类:quasi-suspect classification 不正当关系:illicit relationships确认生父诉讼、亲子鉴定诉讼:paternitysuits 基本权利:fundamentalrights避孕药物、避孕工具:contraception 撤销、使无效:revoke流产,堕胎:abortion实施:implement原因:causation修正案:amendment支持:upheld违反:infringe损害:impair区别对待:discriminatory application 反驳:rebuttal牵连:entanglement授权,命令:mandate司法审查:judicial review当代的,同时代的:contemporary 行政部门:executive branch使无效:invalidate详尽的,彻底的:exhaustive 包括、包含:encompass财政部:The Treasury Department全体出席的:plenary严格的必要性:strict n ecessity确权之诉:quiet title action驱逐出境:deport代表:delegate有特权的:prerogative非惩罚性:non-punitive避孕:contraceptives据说,据称:allegedly十足信用法案:full faith and credit问题的可讨论性,未决状态:mootness 多元管辖权:diversity jurisdiction批准,认可:ratification取缔诽谤:outlaw slander授予,给予:conferpromise 允诺acceptance 承诺a meeting of minds 意见一致executed contracts 已履行合同specialty contract 书面盖印合同parol contract 非要式合同simplecontract 简单合同offer 要约contracts u nder s eal 盖印合同contracts i n w riting 书面合同contracts e videnced i n w riting 有书面证明的合同口头合同oral contractsunqualified 无条件的conditional a ssent 有条件的同意standing offer 持续要约return performance 相应允诺letter 书信Mail-box Rule 投邮主义the promisee 被允诺人公共职责public duty accordandsatisfaction 和解与清偿允诺禁反言原则doctrine of promissory estoppelexpress terms 明示条款exemptionclauses 免责条款warranty 担保repudiate 拒绝履行certainty 确定性terms i mplied in f act 事实上的默示customary implied terms 惯例性的条款the repugancy rule 矛盾解释规则part4agreement b etween t he p arties 当事人之间的协议mutual a ssent 当事人之间的协议executory contracts 待履行合同valid 有效的void 无效的voidable 可撤销的unenforceable 不能强制执行revocation 撤回rejectionbytheofferee 受要约人拒绝counter-offer 反要约lapse of time 期限届满incapacity 无行为能力failureof a condition subject to which the offerwasmade 要约条件未能满足performance 履行the mirror i mage rule 镜像原则telegram 电报consideration 对价past c onsideration i s n o c onsideration 过去的对价不是对价the principle of mutuality 相关性原则衡平禁反言原则doctrine of equitableestoppelimplied t erms 默示条款condition 条件rescind 废除theconceptoftotalintegration 合同完整性的概念terms implied i n law 法律上的默示the contra proerentem 不利于提供者规则the f our c orners r ule 四角规则the C ontrol o f E xemption C lauses A ct 管制免责条款条例minor 未成年人persons of u nsound mind 精神病人mistake 错误duress 胁迫illegality 非法性operative mistakes 关键性错误warning notices 警告性通知capacitytocontract 缔约能力a person under the influence of drink 醉酒的人corporations 公司misrepresentation 虚假陈述undue influence 不当影响validity 效力liable to be set aside 衡平法上被撤销commonoridenticalmistakes 相同之错误non-identicalmistake 不相同之错误nonestfactum 非我所签契约fraudulentmisrepresentation 欺诈性的虚假陈述affirm 确认duresstogoods 对货物的胁迫actual undue influence 实际不当影响inequality of b argaining power 谈判能力的不对等illegal contract strictly so called 严格意义上的非法合同illegal a s f ormed 成立违法intended b eneficiaries 有益受害人discharged 解决tender of performance 交付履行impossibility 履行不能occurrence of c ondition subsequent 后续条件的发生cancellation 合同的取消substituted contract 替代合同lapse 终止(或失效)breachofcontract 违约damages 损害赔偿quantum meruit 按合理价格支付injunction 禁令corporatelaw 公司法new wordsand expressionsnominalized 使转变为名词abstain 抑制,弃权destitute 使丧失usage 惯例contingency 意外事故,偶发事件telex 电传detriment 损害,伤害undertaking 承诺charter 包租,租用lumber 木材furnish 提供appellee 被上诉人rescind 废除reputable 值得尊重的mutual mistakes 双方错误unilateral mistake 单方错误null and void 无效innocent or n eglient misrepresentation 无过错或过失性的虚假陈述duresstoaperson 对人的胁迫economic duress 经济胁迫persumed undue influence 假设不当影响unconscionability 显示公平制度operationoflaw 依法定得解除illegal c ontract traditionally s o c alled 传统的非法合同illegal a s p erformed 履行违法incidental beneficiaries 附带受益人performance 履行frustration 合同落空履约具有不现实性impracticability rescission 合同的废除novation 合同的更新release 弃权书account stated 明细账supervening illegality 继起违法anticipatorybreach 预期违约action for an agreed sum 商定金额之诉specific performance 实际履行alternative d ispute r esolution 替代性纠纷解决机制inducememt 诱因,诱导solemnity 庄严perpetrator 做坏事者,犯罪者revocation 撤销,撤回dispatch 发出facsimile 传真forbearance 忍耐,克制,不作为accure 发生,产生vessel 船舶freight 运费aver 提出demurrer 异议,抗辩repudiate 拒不履行shack 棚屋,简陋的小屋emasculate 阉割,削弱demolish 摧毁,推翻,驳倒shear(shore,shorn) 切断,剥夺perjury 伪证(罪)officious 爱管闲事的indemnity 赔偿(金)subrogation 代位(求偿权)vitiate (使)消弱,(使)无效reef 礁,暗礁ab initio 自始,从开始时rescission 废除pecuniary 金钱的rogue 无赖,流氓uberrimae fidei [ 拉]最大诚信convent 女修道院devotee 皈依者consummate 完成infirmity 虚假ex turpi causa non oritur actio [ 拉]非法或不道德行为不能取得诉因quantum valebant [ 拉]支付合理价格原则solus 单独的effectuate 实行,完成revoke 撤销;取消concurrent 同时发生的exculpatory 辩解的,辨明无罪的expectation interest 期待利益restitution interest 返还利益maxim 格言subterfuge 托词,借口overt 明显的,公开的a Mareva injunction 玛瑞瓦禁令Textinternational business transactions 国际商业活动;国际经济交往contract 合同,有法律约束力的承诺或协议restatement 再声明,重述duty 义务; 职责,责任deed 地契,土地证seal 密封文档,密封(证明真实有效)formation 成立manifestation 表现形式collateral 附属的absurdity 荒谬的rote 死记硬背,生搬硬套supersede 废除,废弃efficacy 功效onus 义务,负担dissipate 挥霍salvage 救援,营救tender 招标status quo 现状puff 吹嘘restitutio i n i ntegrum[ 拉]恢复原状avoidance 废止,无效coercive 强制的;强迫的ward 被监护人the balance o f probabilities 可能性较高者lopsided 不平等的defraud 诈取,骗取quantum meruit [ 拉](无合同规定时)支付合理报酬;应得额;合理金额oust 剥夺,驱逐covenant 协议,协定supervening 接着发生encompass 围绕;包含coronation 加冕礼remotedamages 间接损失relianceinterest 信赖利益liquidateddamages 约定损害赔偿金permeate 弥漫,遍布evasion 规避,遁词slack off 松懈;懈怠warranty 保修单,担保securities law 证券法franchise 特许经营Convention on the International Sales ofGoods(CISG) 联合国国际货物销售合同公约binding 有约束力的stipulation 契约,约定,协定evidenced in writing 有书面证明的mutual a ssent 相互同意bound 有义务的advertisementsofrewards 悬赏广告lapseofoffer 要约失效English law 英国法Blackacre 黑地,黑田(辩论中的假设名字,与whiteacre 相对)writ of error 纠错令Chancery Courts 大法官法庭,大法庭Chancellor 首席法官,大法官conditional a ssent 附条件同意order c onfirmation 确认订单auction 拍卖revocation 撤回option 期权,选择权contingency 意外事故,偶发事件standing offer 持续要约decree 判决,裁定refinance 再融资unqualified 没有附加的条件的return promise 反允诺terms and conditions 条款及细则general conditions o f sale 销售的一般条件;买UNIDROIT PICC 国际统一私法协会国际商卖共同条件;一般销售条件事合同通则Mail-Box Rule 邮箱规则detriment 损害,伤害promisor 做出承诺者,契约者,要约人executed 已执行的full settlement of a debt 全额清偿promissory 承诺的,约定的Privy Court 枢密院法庭the principle 本人,被代理人,委托人;保证人;财产,信托财产qualification 条件,资格consideration 对价promisee 受约人executory 待执行的accordandsatisfaction 和解与清偿the principle of mutuality 交互性原则suspensory 中止的resume 恢复Doctrine of E quitable Estoppel 衡平禁反言原则charter party 租船合同frustrate t he m ain p urpose o f t he c ontract 主要目的受阻volition 自愿选择total integration 一体化;完全整合genesis 起源;开端officiousbystander 好事的旁观者the inserter 起草者the onus o f proof 举证责任guaranteesofminors ’ contracts 未成年人保证责任unsound mind/ mental-imcapacity 心智不全nonestfactum 否认立约the P arol E vidence R ule 口头证言规则absurdity 荒谬,不合理supersededdocuments 替代文件negligence 过失;疏忽indemnity 赔偿(金)Age of M ajority Act 成人年龄法guarantee 被保人subrogation 代位清偿fiduciary 基于信托的,受托人,被信托人inducement 引诱,诱导actionablemisrepresentation 可诉的虚假陈述restitutio i n i ntegrum 恢复原状Uberrimae Fidei 最大诚信原则,坦率诚实prospectus 说明书,简介,募股章程contemplation 深思熟虑,沉思vendor 卖方,卖主mutual rescission 相互解约frustrating events 受阻事项a final balance 最后应付余额,最后结余;最后平衡the Utmost Good Faith 最大善意原则undue influence 不当影响self-induced 自己导致的,自己诱导的operation o f l aw(OOL) 法律的实施(效果)unilateralrescission 单方废止;债权人得单方解除契约original transactions 原始交易commercial impracticability 商业不现实性StatuteofLimitations 诉讼时效supervening illegality 继起违法coronation 加冕礼remotenessofdamage 损害的间隔性unliquidated d amages 未经算定损害赔偿;未清算的损失;未确定损害赔偿额specific performance 照规定严格执行goodfaith 善意;真诚expressrepudiation 明示的履行拒绝interlocutory ( 判决等)在诉讼期间宣告的prohibitory 禁止的pending trial 候审期间,未决事项Choice of F orum Clause 选择法院条款Choice of L aw Clause 适用法律选择条款arbitration a greement 仲裁协议exercisecontested 有争议的boilerplate 样板文件;公式化,陈词滥调prevail 占优势optioncontract 期权合同leverage 杠杆作用,举债经营unconscionability 显失公平;显失公平原则impossible of performance 履行不能frustration o f p urpose 合同目的落空Forcr M ajeure C lauses 不可抗力条款foreseeability 可预见性,预见性extravagant 奢侈的;挥霍的claimant 原告,索赔者constant supervision 持续监督good f aith p erformance 合同履行中的诚信原则;善意履行perpetual 不间断的;持续的mandatory 强制的;法定的Municiple Courts 市法院Forum Selection Clause 法院管辖之条款commercial a rbitration 商事仲裁arbitration clauses 仲裁条款recital 一系列事件等的详述Caveat Emptor 货物出门概不退换,买主须自行当心(货物的品质);买主当心merchandise 货物Statute of Fraudes 反欺诈法unjust enrichment 不正当得利third-party beneficiary 受益第三方forfeiture 没收,丧失illusory promise 虚幻允诺omission 疏忽,懈怠,做某事失败in pais 无法律手续或书据Unit Five故意侵权intentionaltorts威吓assault侵害地产或动产trespasstoLand/Chattels •detrimental r eliance有害依赖;不利之信赖material b reach 重大违约,实质性违约rescind 废除;撤销UniformCommercialCode(UCC) 美国统一商法典quasi-contract 准契约;准合同殴打battery非法监禁false imprisonment侵占他人动产conversion故意精神伤害Intentional infliction of 抗辩事由defenses emotional d istress特权privilege正当防卫self-defense责任duty实际损失或伤害actual loss or damage 比较过失comparativenegligence明示自冒风险express assumption of risk 暗示自冒风险implied assumption of risk 中介原因interveningcause 原告同意consent紧急避险necessity不履行责任breach原告过失contributory negligence自冒风险assumption of risk免责条款exculpatoryclause后果的预见性foreseeabilityofconsequences 连带责任joint and several liability补偿indemnity土地所有人possessor占有人occupier土地侵权人trespasser侵权儿童trespassing children被邀请人invitee不当行为/不当履行misfeasance替代责任vicarious liability侵犯隐私privacytorts侵扰他人私生活intrusion不正当竞争competitive torts倾销dumpingLiability for negligence 过失责任Remedies 损害赔偿Defamation 诽谤Misrepresentation 虚假表述Trespass 非法侵入Product liability 产品责任Damages 赔偿金Punitive d amages 惩罚性赔偿金Discrete 分离的Thestatuteoflimitations 诉讼时效Tavern 客栈Hatchet 短柄小斧;言归于好Integrity 完整Prima facie case 表面上证据确凿的案件Impediment 妨碍Quare clausum fregit 缘何侵入私地令Intermeddle 干涉Dispossess 剥夺Misfeasance 错误行为Agrarian 土地的,农村的Public nuisance 公共公害Omission 疏忽;懈怠Entrant 参加者Satisfaction 清偿Negligentmisrepresentation 过失的虚假表述Sedition 煽动Loathsome 令人讨厌的Duty o f c are 注意义务Incompatible 矛盾的Disparagement 轻视Revelation 披露分担contribution所有权人owner自然危险情况natural hazards被许可人licensee诱惑性公海原则attractive nuisance doctrine 商业被邀请人businessinvitee懈怠不作为/不作为nonfeasance低于成本销售salesbelowcost盗用他人肖像权appropriation扭曲他人形象public disclosure of private life 虚假宣传falseadvertising雇主负责制respondent superiorCivil liability 民事责任Invasionofprivacy 侵犯隐私Fraud 欺诈Conversion 侵犯他人财产Trespass to land/chattels 侵犯他人土地/财产Restitution 返还原物,赔偿金Compensatory damages 补偿性伤害赔偿金Special damages 特定损害赔偿金Affinity 亲切关系Causation 因果关系Cause in fact 事实上的原因Proximate cause 最近原因Malice 恶意Blackout 灯火管制;暂时失去知觉Res Ipsa Loquitur 让事实说话Foreseeability 预见性Tort-feasor 侵权行为人Misconduct 行为不当Non-feasance 不行为Nuisance 妨害行为Private n uisance 私人妨害Contributory negligence 混合过失Confinement 拘禁Indemnity 补偿Malpractice 玩忽职守Libel 书面诽谤Consortium 配偶的地位和权利Venereal 性交的Unchastity 放荡Falselight 扭曲他爱人形象Deceive 欺诈Competitive torts 侵权竞合 Premises 房地产Palm off 哄骗Wherewithal 为做某事而需要的钱 Legal c ause 法定原因,近因 Assailant 攻击者 Defect 瑕 疵Accrue 利息等的自然增值;诉讼的发生 Awritoftrespass侵害令状Confinement 监禁 Deliberation 深思熟虑Trespass de bonis asportate 带走他人动产 Dispossess 剥夺占有 Blackout 失去知觉 Res ipsa Loquitur 不言自明Per c uriam 全庭审Bystander旁观者Impliedwarranty默示担保Entrant 新工作者 ;进入者 Liable 有责任的 Recreationalpremises 娱乐场所 Caveat emptor 顾客留心(一经出售概不负责)Statutesofrepose除斥期间Charitable immunity慈善事业免责Vicarious liability 替代责任Restatement (second) of torts 民事侵权行为重述 ( 第 二 版 ) Prosser 普罗塞(美国杰出法官)part 8双重主义: dualsovereignty 犯罪意图: mensrea联邦和州监狱: prison 或 penitentiary无罪推定: presumption of innocence正当程序: dueprocess 自证其罪: self-incrimination悬而未决的陪审团: hung jury 不抗辩: no contest/nolo contendere 双重危境: double jeopardyIdiosyncratic 独特的 Pass off 冒充 Recoup 重获 Disclose 告 知 Supersede 取代 Warranty 担保;保单 Willful and wanton 放任的Vicarious liability 雇主责任,替代别人的责任 Intent 主观 Volition 意愿 Malice 预谋 Vandal 蓄意破坏者 Proximate cause 近因 Calculus of risk 风险预测计算 But-for causation 若非因果关系 Joint and s everal liability共同连带责任The impact rule 影响规则 Premises liability 场所责任 Nuisance 妨 害Dangerous instrumentality doctrine危险工具Criminal assailants刑事攻击者Caveat lessee 警告承租人Misdiagnosis 错误的诊断 Municipal immunity 市场免责Defamation诽谤Prima facie cause of action诉讼的初步原因Reasonably p rudent p erson合理谨慎的人商业条款: Commerce Clause 夜晚破门入户企图犯重罪: burglary 联邦刑事诉讼法规: Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure排除合理怀疑: proof beyond reasonable doubt隐私权: rightofprivacy以第五条修正案作为辩护理 由P :lead the Fifth失审:mistrial认罪协商: pleabargainingAcquitted 无罪actusreus :犯罪行为Allege :声称Bail:保释bill of attainder :未经审批直接判有罪Burglary :闯入他人室内并实施其他犯罪Causation :犯罪行为和结果之间的因果联系Circumstantial e vidence 旁证Confession:认罪Conspiracy :共谋Culpable :有罪的Diplomatic immunity :外交豁免Entrapment :诱捕Expostfacto :溯及既往的First degree murder :一级谋杀Indictment 刑事起诉状Involuntary manslaughter 因放任或过失在实施其他犯罪行为时造成他人死亡Knock and announce rule 警察搜查时的程序要求Larceny 盗窃Misdemeanor 轻罪Mitigatingcircumstances 罪行减轻情节Motive 犯罪动机Openingstatement 开庭陈述Parole 有条件释放,假释Peremptory challenge 无须理由要求陪审员回避Petty offence 轻微违法行为Police interrogation 警察讯问Probation 缓刑Provocation 挑衅,激怒Reasonable d oubt 合理怀疑Seizure 没收Sheriff 法警,警长Subpoena 传讯,强制传唤Treason 叛国罪Extradition 引渡Federalcriminalstatutes 联邦刑事法规Fictitious=fraudulent 欺骗性的;虚构的County jail 郡的看守所Conviction 定罪Accused :被告Aforethought:预谋的Asphyxia :窒息Bigamy 重婚罪Briber y:行贿罪capital p unishment :死刑challenge for cause :在陪审员资格审查中因法定原因要求陪审员回避Coercion :强制Consent :赞成,同意Corpus delicti :犯罪事实Detention :拘留Embezzle :贪污Euthanasia :安乐死Felony:重罪Habeas corpus 人身保护令Intoxication 中毒,喝醉Justifiable homicide 有正当理由杀人(如执行死刑)Knowingly 故意的犯罪心理MirandaWarning 米兰达警告Mistrial 因程序问题而导致的无效审判Money laundering 洗钱Obstruction of justice 妨碍司法公证Pardon 赦免Penal c ode 刑法典Perpetrator 犯罪者Plea b argaining 辩诉交易Presumption of innocence 无罪推定Prosecute 提起公诉Public defender 公设辩护律师Searchwarrant 搜查令Sentence 刑事判决,量刑Statutoryrape 法定强奸罪Summons 传票传唤Preponderance of t he evidence 优势证据原则Falsify 伪造Imprisonment 监禁Community service 社区义工Bail bondsmen 保释担保人Corrections officers 狱警Dismiss the charge 撤销指控Wrongfuldeath 错误致死More-than-ordinary=recklessness=criminal negligence 轻率Misperceives reality 对现实认识错误Drug paraphernalia 毒品相关设备Man-endangering 危害到人Strict liability law 严格责任法律Proportionality principle 比例原则Fine 罚金Warrantless arrest 无证逮捕Information 检察院起诉书Excessive bail 过高的保释Judge-made doctrine 法官造法原则MirandaWarnings 米兰达警告Wiretapping statute 窃听法Detention 拘留Grand Jury Appearance 陪审团出席Hot Pursuit 越境追捕Custody 保管;监护Preliminary hearing 预审听证Suppression hearings 听证会Juror opposition 陪审员的反对Right to counsel 获得律师辩护的权利guilty plea 有罪答辩potential penalty 潜在的惩罚paroleterm 假释期限plea bargaining 认罪协商,辩诉交易prosecutorial vindictiveness 报复性起诉hearsay 传闻证据,道听途说harsher sentence 更严厉的判决reconviction 再判决;重新判决atypical and s ignificant hardship 非典型及重大困境,异常而重大的困苦felony murder 谋杀重罪sanity requirement 理智的需求mentalretardation 智力缺陷,精神发育迟缓first appeal 第二审;第一次上诉retroactivity 溯及既往probation 缓刑penologicalinterests 刑罚学利益medical malpractice 医疗事故;医疗纠纷;医Speedy jury trial 快速陪审团Incarcerate (被)监禁Careless/negligent 过失、疏忽大意Unintentional conduct 无意识行为Mistake of law 对法律认识错误Malicious behavior 邪恶行为Culprit 犯罪嫌疑人Gravity 严重性Infraction 侵害Arson 纵火Self-defense 自卫Infamous crime 不名誉罪Exclusive r ule 排除规则Fruit of the p oisonous tree 毒树之果Causal chain 因果关系Parole revocation 假释撤销Station House Detention 派出所拘留DeadlyForce 致命暴力Evanescentevidence 容易消失的证据Waiver 豁免;弃权Stand trial 提起诉讼Burdenofproof 举证责任Inconsistentverdict 不一致的判决Confront w itness 与证人对质plea agreemen 认罪协议tdefense c ounsel 辩护律师fatal 致命的;毁灭性的disproportionate 不成比例的,比例失调的confirmation 证明; 确认resentence 重新判决de novo 重新, 更始jury sentencing 陪审团的判决proportionality 比例原则,(行动、处罚等的)相称原则,恰当性lethalforce 致命武器insane 精神失常的recidivist statutes 累犯法frivolous 轻率的parole 假释imprisonment 关押,监禁contraband 走私,走私品unbiased 公正的;不偏不倚的;无偏见的疗过失double jeopardy 一事不再理原则juvenile proceedings 未成年人诉讼程序sentence enhancer 强化判决collateral estoppel 间接禁反言quasi-criminal 准刑事案;准刑事性;准刑事犯罪prostitute 妓女duly 及时的,适时的balance 差额;结余pertinent 有关的warrant 批捕令,搜查令MIMIC 模仿grandjurytestimony 大陪审团作证trespassory 非法盗窃exclusionary 排斥(性)的;排除在外的exercisestatutory law 成文法,制定法slander 口头诽谤invasion 侵略;侵入homicide 杀人行为maladjusted 失调的;不能适应环境的deus ex machina 解围的人或事件supervision 监督;管理firearm 火器,尤指手枪或步枪conversion 财产转换,兑换bribe 贿赂,行贿duress 强迫,胁迫,威胁false pretenses 欺诈,诈骗amicus curiae 法庭之友skips bail 跳过保释acquit 判决无罪,宣告无罪,开释nullification 无效;废弃mandatory 强制的,义务的contraband 走私attorneygeneral 首席检察官,司法部长grand jury 大陪审团burden 责任,义务prison i nmates 牢犯empanel 选任(陪审员)commencement 开端,开始separate sovereign 独立主权forfeiture 没收;丧失innocent owner 无辜所有主,无过错所有人exigent 紧急的;迫切的accusatory 控告的,控诉的suppress 禁止,使止住handcuff 上手铐prima f acie c ase 表面上证据确凿的案件wingspan 翼幅;翼展Criminal Procedure L aw (CPL) 刑事诉讼法defraud 欺诈magistrate 地方法官,治安官the Rosario doctrine 罗萨里奥学说、理论preponderance 优势;多数battery 殴打罪libel(书面)诽谤extortion 强取;敲诈;勒索malum in se 不法, 不法行为responsiblecorporateofficer 公司管理负责人员forgery 伪造,伪造的文书、签名等misappropriation 侵吞,挪用,滥用;私吞wirefraud 网络诈骗,电信诈骗espionage 侦察;间谍活动assault 突袭,侵犯(人身),威胁kidnapping 绑架searchwarrant 搜查证white collar crime 白领犯罪double-jeopardy 一事不再理原则conspiracy 阴谋,同谋,串谋,共谋closing statements 结束的控词nolocontendere 无罪申诉(刑事诉讼中,被告不认罪但又放弃申辩)prerequisite 先决条件,前提borne by 由……。

法律英语词汇

法律英语词汇

法律英语词汇法律英语词汇在法律领域,有许多专业术语和词汇需要了解。

下面是一些常用的法律英语词汇:1. Law - 法律2. Legal - 法律的3. Legislation - 立法4. Statute - 法令5. Act - 法案6. Constitution - 宪法7. Court - 法院8. Judge - 法官9. Jury - 陪审团10. Plaintiff - 原告11. Defendant - 被告12. Attorney - 律师13. Witness - 证人14. Evidence - 证据15. Trial - 审判16. Verdict - 裁决17. Appeal - 上诉18. Jurisdiction - 司法权19. Bail - 保释20. Sentencing - 判决21. Tort - 侵权行为22. Contract - 合同23. Breach - 违约24. Liability - 责任25. Damages - 赔偿金26. Negligence - 疏忽27. Fraud - 欺诈28. Property - 财产29. Estate - 房地产30. Will - 遗嘱31. Trust - 信托32. Patent - 专利33. Copyright - 版权34. Trademark - 商标35. Infringement - 侵权36. Bankruptcy - 破产37. Contractual - 合同的38. Criminal - 刑事的39. Civil - 民事的40. Administrative - 行政的41. Constitutional - 宪法的42. International - 国际的43. Liability - 责任44. Negligence - 疏忽45. Intentional - 故意的46. Due Process - 正当程序47. Jurisprudence - 法学48. Precedent - 先例49. Stare Decisis - 依据先例50. Habeas Corpus - 人身保护权51. Confidentiality - 保密性52. Dispute - 争端53. Injunction - 禁令54. Public - 公共的55. Private - 私人的56. Liability - 责任57. Malpractice - 不当行为58. Probate - 遗产审计59. Slander - 诽谤60. Libel - 诽谤罪61. Suing - 控告62. Settlement - 和解63. Restitution - 赔偿64. Breach of contract - 违约65. Act of God - 天灾66. Affidavit - 宣誓书67. Doctrines - 教条68. Breach of trust - 违背信任69. Jurisdiction - 司法权70. Lien - 留置权71. Remedy - 补救72. Statutes of limitations - 时效法73. Contempt - 蔑视74. Acquittal - 无罪释放75. Inadmissible - 不可采用的76. Null and void - 无效77. Alibi - 不在场证明78. Arraignment - 传讯79. Litigation - 诉讼80. Conviction - 有罪定罪81. Cross-examination - 盘问82. Defamation - 诽谤83. Inquest - 审讯84. Disbar - 剥夺执业权85. Extradition - 引渡86. Fiduciary - 受托人87. Indictment - 起诉书88. Plea - 奏折89. Pro bono - 免费律师90. Testimony - 证词91. Warrant - 法令92. Appeal - 上诉93. Bailiff - 安保人员94. Dismiss - 解雇95. Embezzlement - 盗窃罪96. Forfeit - 剥夺97. Injunction - 禁制令98. Mitigating - 降低99. Notary - 公证人100. Tortfeasor - 侵权者以上是一些常见的法律英语词汇,希望对您有所帮助!。

(完整版)法律专业英语词汇

(完整版)法律专业英语词汇

完整版)法律专业英语词汇Part 1: 刑法词汇1.罪犯(criminal):犯罪行为的实施者。

2.杀人(murder):故意造成他人死亡的行为。

3.盗窃(theft):非法占有他人财产的行为。

4.强奸(rape):非法性侵他人的行为。

5.纵火(arson):故意放火的行为。

6.敲诈(___):以暴力或威胁手段获取财产的行为。

7.走私(smuggling):非法将商品或物品携带入境或出境。

8.贩毒(drug trafficking):非法交易毒品或在毒品交易中参与。

9.偷税漏税(___):通过欺诈手段逃避缴纳税款。

10.洗钱(money laundering):将非法获取的资金合法化。

Part 2: 民事法词汇1.合同(contract):双方达成的书面或口头协议,产生法律效力。

2.索赔(claim):要求对方支付损失或赔偿的权利。

3.诉讼(n):通过法律程序解决争端。

4.侵权(infringement):侵犯他人权益或利益的行为。

5.损害赔偿(n):对因他人行为受到损害的一方支付的补偿款项。

6.法定继承人(legal heir):根据法律规定,有权继承遗产的人。

7.执行(enforcement):将法律判决或裁决强制执行的行为。

8.违约(breach of contract):不履行或违反合同中规定的义务。

9.诉讼费用(n costs):诉讼过程中产生的费用,如律师费、鉴定费等。

10.司法鉴定(judicial appraisal):法院指定的专门机构对相关事实或证据进行鉴定。

Part 3: 行政法词汇1.行政机关(administrative organ):政府管理机关,行使行政权力。

2.行政处罚(administrative penalty):行政机关根据法律或法规对违法行为采取的处罚措施。

3.行政许可(administrative license):行政机关根据法律或法规对特定行为发出的批准文件。

英文法律知识点

英文法律知识点

英文法律知识点随着全球化趋势的加速,英语已经成为国际交流中最为普及和重要的语言之一。

不管是商务往来、国际合作还是留学移民,对英文法律知识的了解都显得至关重要。

在这篇文章中,我们将探讨一些常见的英文法律知识点,帮助读者更好地掌握和理解这一重要领域。

1. 合同法(Contract Law)合同法是英文法律体系中的关键部分,它规定了人们在购买商品、签订合作协议以及其他经济交易中的权利和义务。

在英文合同中,常见的术语包括offer(提议)、acceptance(接受)、consideration(对价)和breach(违约)等。

了解这些术语和相关法律规定,对于商务谈判和合同起草至关重要。

2. 知识产权法(Intellectual Property Law)知识产权法保护创作者和发明家的权益,包括专利、商标、版权和商业秘密等。

英文法律术语中,patent(专利)、trademark(商标)、copyright(版权)和infringement(侵权)等是我们需要熟悉的关键词汇。

尤其是在国际知识产权保护中,了解相关的法律制度和规定,对于维护自身权益至关重要。

3. 劳动法(Labor Law)劳动法涉及雇佣关系和劳动者权益保护。

英文法律术语中,常见的有employment contract(雇佣合同)、minimum wage(最低工资)、dismissal(解雇)和discrimination(歧视)等。

在员工与雇主之间发生纠纷时,对劳动法的了解能够帮助我们明确权益,并且寻求公正的解决方式。

4. 不动产法(Real Estate Law)不动产法涉及土地和建筑物的买卖、租赁和产权等问题。

在英文法律术语中,我们需要熟悉的词汇有property(财产)、title(产权)、mortgage(抵押)和tenancy agreement(租赁合同)等。

了解不动产法知识有助于我们在购买房产、租赁房屋或处理产权纠纷时,保护自身合法权益。

很全的一版法律英语词汇

很全的一版法律英语词汇

很全的一版法律英语词汇引言法律英语是法律专业人士必备的一项重要技能。

无论是在法律实践中的法庭辩论,还是在法律文书的撰写中,合适的法律英语词汇都是至关重要的。

本文档旨在提供一个很全的法律英语词汇列表,帮助读者提高法律英语的水平。

一、通用法律术语w - 法律2.Legislation - 法规3.Statute - 法令4.Regulation - 规章5.Act - 法案6.Case - 案例7.Jurisdiction - 管辖权8.Court - 法院9.Judge - 法官10.A ttorney - 律师11.D efendant - 被告12.P lntiff - 原告13.W itness - 证人14.E vidence - 证据15.V erdict - 裁决二、合同法1.Contract - 合同2.Offer - 出价3.Acceptance - 接受4.Consideration - 对价5.Breach - 违约6.Performance - 履行7.Damages - 损害赔偿8.Termination - 终止9.Agreement - 协议10.C ounteroffer -还盘三、刑法1.Crime - 犯罪2.Offense - 违法行为3.Murder - 谋杀4.Robbery - 抢劫5.Theft - 盗窃6.Assault - 袭击7.Fraud - 欺诈8.Sentence - 判决9.Conviction - 定罪10.G uilty - 有罪11.I nnocent - 无罪四、知识产权法1.Copyright - 版权2.Trademark - 商标3.Patent - 专利4.Infringement - 侵权5.Intellectual Property - 知识产权6.License - 许可证7.Royalty - 版税8.Invention - 发明9.Trade Secret - 商业秘密10.F r Use - 合理使用五、公司法pany - 公司2.Shareholder - 股东3.Director - 董事4.Merger - 合并5.Acquisition - 收购6.Incorporation - 注册成立7.Bylaws - 法规章程8.Share - 股份9.Dividend - 红利10.B oard of Directors - 董事会六、劳动法1.Employment - 就业2.Employee - 员工3.Employer - 雇主4.Discrimination - 歧视5.Overtime - 加班6.Termination - 解雇7.Retaliation - 报复8.Worker’s Compensation - 工伤赔偿9.Collective Bargning - 集体协商10.M inimum Wage - 最低工资结论以上展示了一个很全的法律英语词汇列表,覆盖了通用法律术语以及一些常见的法律领域术语。

法律英语词汇大全(完美版)

法律英语词汇大全(完美版)

法律英语词汇大全(完美版)一、基本法律词汇1. 法律(Law):国家制定或认可的,用以规范社会成员行为、调整社会关系的规范总称。

2. 法规(Regulation):国家行政机关根据法律制定的具有普遍约束力的规范性文件。

3. 条款(Clause):法律、合同等文件中的具体规定。

4. 判决(Judgment):法院对案件审理后作出的结论性意见。

5. 律师(Lawyer):依法取得执业资格,为社会提供法律服务的专业人员。

6. 诉讼(Lawsuit):当事人依法向法院提起的请求保护自己合法权益的程序。

二、刑法相关词汇1. 犯罪(Crime):违反刑法规定,危害社会,依法应受刑罚处罚的行为。

2. 罪名(Charge):对犯罪嫌疑人指控的具体犯罪名称。

3. 刑罚(Punishment):国家对犯罪分子实行的一种强制措施,包括主刑和附加刑。

4. 刑事责任(Criminal Responsibility):犯罪分子因其犯罪行为所应承担的法律责任。

5. 量刑(Sentencing):法院根据犯罪分子的犯罪事实、情节和悔罪表现,依法决定刑罚的种类和幅度。

三、民法相关词汇1. 合同(Contract):当事人之间设立、变更、终止民事法律关系的协议。

2. 权利(Right):法律赋予当事人实现某种利益的可能性。

3. 义务(Obligation):当事人依法应承担的责任。

4. 赔偿(Compensation):因侵权行为给他人造成损失,依法应承担的经济补偿责任。

5. 继承(Inheritance):继承人依法取得被继承人遗产的法律制度。

四、商法相关词汇1. 公司(Company):依法设立的,以营利为目的的企业法人。

2. 股东(Shareholder):持有公司股份,享有公司权益和承担公司风险的人。

3. 破产(Bankruptcy):债务人因不能清偿到期债务,经法院宣告破产,对其财产进行清算的法律程序。

4. 票据(Bill):具有一定格式,载明一定金额,由出票人签发,无条件支付给持票人或指定人的有价证券。

法律英语翻译常用专业词汇

法律英语翻译常用专业词汇

法律英语翻译常用专业词汇引言随着全球化的加速发展,法律翻译成为越来越重要的领域,特别是涉及跨国交易和法律纠纷解决。

在进行法律翻译时,熟悉和正确使用常用的法律英语专业词汇是非常重要的。

本文将介绍一些常见的法律英语翻译词汇,以帮助读者在法律翻译工作中胜任。

常见法律英语词汇1. 法律文件名称•Complnt(诉状)•Writ(文书)•Summons(传票)•Affidavit(宣誓书)•Indictment(起诉书)•Subpoena(传唤令)•Pleading(辩词)•Judgment(判决书)•Decree(裁定书)2. 法律程序•Trial(审判)•Hearing(听证会)•Arrgnment(提讯)•Bl(保释)•Plea(答辩)•Evidence(证据)•Witnesses(证人)•Cross-examination(盘问)•Verdict(裁决)3.法律机构名称•Court(法庭)•Judge(法官)•Attorney(律师)•Prosecutor(检察官)•Plntiff(原告)•Defendant(被告)•Jury(陪审团)•Bliff(法警)4. 合同和协议•Contract(合同)•Agreement(协议)•Terms and Conditions(条款和条件)•Breach(违约)•Consideration(对价)•Indemnification(赔偿)•Confidentiality(保密)•Force Majeure(不可抗力)5. 知识产权•Intellectual Property(知识产权)•Patent(专利)•Trademark(商标)•Copyright(版权)•Infringement(侵权)•Royalty(版税)6. 公司法•Corporation(公司)•Shareholder(股东)•Board of Directors(董事会)•Articles of Incorporation(公司章程)•Shareholder Meeting(股东会议)•Merger(合并)7. 证明和认证•Notarization(公证)•Certification(认证)•Authentication(认证)8. 跨国交易•International Trade(国际贸易)•Import(进口)•Export(出口)•Customs(海关)•Tariff(关税)•Free Trade Agreement(自由贸易协定)9. 诉讼程序•Statute of Limitations(诉讼时效)•Discovery(证据交换)•Motion(动议)•Appeal(上诉)•Pretrial Conference(庭前会议)•Statutory Law(法令)•Case Law(判例法)10. 人权•Human Rights(人权)•Civil Liberties(公民权利)•Freedom of Speech(言论自由)•Right to Privacy(隐私权)•Due Process(正当程序)•Equality(平等)结论在法律翻译中,准确理解和恰当使用常见的法律英语专业词汇是至关重要的。

法律英语专业词汇汇总

法律英语专业词汇汇总

法律英语专业词汇汇总一、律师部分案件受理费court acceptance fee案情重大、复杂important and complicated case案由cause of action案子case包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件);the accused (用于刑事案件)被上诉人appellee被诉人respondent; defendant本案律师councel pro hac vice本地律师local counsel毕业证diploma; graduation certificate辩护词defense; pleadings辩护律师defense lawyer辩护要点point of defense辩护意见submission财产租赁property tenancy裁定书order; ruling; determination (才旨终审裁定)裁决书award (用于仲裁)裁决书verdict (用于陪审团)采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests查阅法条source legal provisions产权转让conveyancing出差go on errand; go on a business trip出国深造further study abroad出具律师意见书providing legal opinion出示的证据exhibit出庭appear in court传票summons; subpoena答辩状answer; reply代理词representation代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate代理公证、商标、专利、、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations代理彳中裁agency for arbitration代写文书drafting of legal instruments待决案件pending case当事人陈述statement of the parties第三人third party吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license调查笔录investigative record调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence调解mediation调解书mediation二审案件case of trial of second instance发送电子邮件send法律顾问legal consultants法律意见书legal opinions法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal counseling法庭division; tribunal法学博士学位LL.D (Doctor of Laws)法学会law society法学课程legal courses法学硕士学位LL.M (Master of Laws)法学系faculty of law; department of law法学学士学位LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)J.D ( juris doctor缩写,美国法学学士)法学院law school法院公告court announcement反诉状counterclaim房地产律师real estate lawyer; real property lawyer 非合伙律师associate lawyer非诉讼业务non-litigation practice高级合伙人senior partner高级律师senior lawyer各类协议和合同agreements and contracts公安局Public Security Bureau公司上市company listing公诉案件public-prosecuting case公证书notarial certificate国办律师事务所state-run law office国际贸易international trade国际诉讼international litigation国内诉讼domestic litigation合伙律师partner lawyer合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice 合同审查、草拟、修改contract review, drafting and revision会见当事人interview a client会见才□罪嫌疑人interview a criminal suspect兼职律师part-time lawyer监狱prison; jail鉴定结论expert conclusion缴纳会费membership dues举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi决定书decision 勘验笔录record of request看守所detention house抗诉书protest控告人accuser; complainant跨国诉讼transnational litigation劳动争议labor disputes劳动争议仲裁委员会arbitration committee for labor disputes 劳改场reform-through-labor farm; prison farm利害关系人interested party; party in interest律管处处长director of lawyer control department律师lawyer attorney; attorney at law律师惩戒lawyer discipline律师法Lawyer Law律师费lawyer fee律师函lawyer's letter律师见证lawyer attestation/authentication律师见证书lawyer certification/authentication/witness律师卷宗lawyer's docile; file律师刊物lawyer's journal律师联系电话contact phone number of a lawyer律师事务所law office; law firm律师收费billing by lawyer律师网站lawyer website律师协会National Bar (Lawyer) Association律师协会会员member of Lawyer Association律师协会秘书长secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association 律师协会章程Articles of Lawyer Assocition律师业务室lawyer's office律师执业证lawyer license律师助理assistant lawyer律师资格考试bar exam; lawyer qualification exam律师资格证lawyer qualification certificate民事案件civil case民事调解civil mediation民事诉讼civil litigation派出所local police station; police substation判决judgement(用于民事、行政案件);determination(用于终审);sentence(用于刑事案);verdict(由陪审团作出)旁证circumstantial evidence企业章程articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw 企业重组corporate restructure起诉状information; indictment取消律师资格disbar全国律师代表大会National Lawyer Congress缺席宣判pronounce judgement or determination by default人民法院People's Court人民检察院People's Procuratorate认定事实determine facts上诉案件case of trial of second instance; appellate case上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal涉夕卜律师lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters申请复议administrative reconsideration petition申请力口入律师协会application for admission to Law Association 申请人petitioner; claimant申诉案件appeal case申诉人(仲裁)claimant; plaintiff申诉书appeal for revision, petition for revision实习律师apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period实习律师证certificate of apprentice lawyer视听证据audio-visual reference material适用法律apply law to facts受害人victim书证documentary evidence司法部Ministry of Justice司法建议书judicial advise司法局Judicial Bureau司法局副局长deputy director of Judicial Bureau司法局局长director of Judicial Bureau司法统一考试uniform judicial exam送达service of process诉讼litigation; action; lawsuit诉讼当事人litigation party; litigious party诉讼业务litigation practice诉状complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim 推销法律月艮务promote/market legal service外国律师事务所foreign law office委托代理合同authorized representation contract 委托代理人agent ad litem; entrusted agent委托授权书power of attorney物证material evidence嫌疑人criminal suspect项目融资project financing项目谈判project negotiating刑事案件criminal case刑事诉讼criminal litigation行政诉讼administrative litigation休庭adjourn the court; recess宣判pronounce judgement; determination宣誓书affidavit业务进修attendance in advanced studies一审案件case of trial of first instance与国夕卜律师事务所交流communicate with foreign law firms 原告plaintiff证券律师securities lawyer证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit执行笔录execution record执业登十己registration for practice执业范围scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area 执业申请practice application执业证年检annual inspection of lawyer license仲裁arbitration仲裁案件arbitration case仲裁机构arbitration agency专门律师specialized lawyer专职律师professional lawyer; full-time lawyer撰写法律文章write legal thesis资信调查credit standing investigation自诉案件private prosecuting case二、诉讼法律案件case案件发回remand/rimit a case (to a low court)案件名称title of a case案卷材料materials in the case案情陈述书statement of case案夕卜人person other than involved in the case案值total value involved in the case败诉方losing party办案人员personnel handling a case保全措施申请书application for protective measures 报案report a case (to security authorities)被告defendant; the accused被告人最后陈述final statement of the accused被告向原告第二次答辩rejoinder被害人victim被害人的诉讼代理人victim's agent ad litem被上诉人respondent; the appellee被申请人respondent被申请执行人party against whom execution is filed 被执行人person subject to enforcement本诉principal action必要共同诉讼人party in necessary co-litigation变通管辖jurisdiction by accord辩护defense辩护律师defense attorney/lawyer辩护人defender辩护证据exculpatory evidence; defense evidence辩论阶段stage of court debate驳回反诉dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim驳回请求deny/dismiss a motion驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling驳回诉讼dismiss an action/suit驳回通知书notice of dismissal驳回自诉dismiss/reject a private prosecution驳回自诉裁定书ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case补充答辩supplementary answer补充判决supplementary judgement补充侦查supplementary investigation不公开审理trial in camera不立案决定书written decision of no case-filing不批准逮捕决定书written decision of disapproving an arrest不起诉nol pros不予受理起诉通知书notice of dismissal of accusation by the court 财产保全申请书application for attachment; application for property preservation 裁定order; determination ( 指最终裁定)裁定管辖jurisdiction by order裁定书order; ruling裁决书award采信的证据admitted evidence查封seal up撤回上诉withdraw appeal撤诉withdraw a lawsuit撤销立案revoke a case placed on file撤销原判,发回重审rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial出示的证据exhibit除权判决invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)传唤summon; call传闻证据hearsay答辩answer; reply答辩陈述书statement of defence答辩状answer; reply大法官associate justices; justice大检察官deputy chief procurator代理控告agency for accusation代理申诉agency for appeal代理审判员acting judge代为申请取保候审agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving弹劾式诉讼accusatory procedure当事人陈述statement of the parties当庭宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court地区管辖territorial jurisdiction地区检察分院inter-mediate People's Procuratorate第三人third party调查笔录record of investigation定期宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date定罪证据incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence冻结freeze督促程序procedure of supervision and urge独任庭sole-judge bench独任仲裁员sole arbitrator对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施compulsory measures against impairment of civil action对席判决judgement inter parties二审trial of second instance二审案件case of trial of second insurance 罚款impose a fine法定证据statutory legal evidence法定证据制度system of legal evidence法官judges法警bailiff; court police法律文书legal instruments/papers法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal consulting法庭辩论court debate法庭调查court investigation法庭审理笔录court record法庭审理方式mode of court trial法庭庭长chief judge of a tribunal法院court法院公告court announcement反诉counterclaim反诉答辩状answer with counterclaim反诉状counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人criminal suspect附带民事诉讼案件a collateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告defendant of collateral civil action复查reexamination; recheck复验reinspect高级法官senior judge高级检察官senior procurator高级人民法院Higher People's Court告诉案件case of complaint告诉才处理的案件case accepted at complaint告诉申诉庭complaint and petition division工读学校work-study school for delinquent children公安部Ministry of Public Security公安分局public security sub-bureau公安厅public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government公开审理trial in public公开审判制度open trial system公示催告程序procedure of public summons for exhortation公诉案件public-prosecuting case公诉词statement of public prosecution公证机关public notary office共同管辖concurrent jurisdiction管辖jurisdiction国际司法协助international judicial assistance海事法院maritime court合议庭collegial panel合议庭评议笔录record of deliberating by the collegiate bench和解composition; compromise核对诉讼当事人身份check identity of litigious parties恢复执行resumption of execution回避withdrawal混合式诉讼mixed action基层人民法院basic People's Court羁押期限term in custody级另U管辖subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels 监视居住living at home under surveillance监狱prison检察官procurator检察权prosecutorial power检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院procuratorate检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易程序summary procedure鉴定结论expert conclusion经济审判庭economic tribunal径行半U决direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice纠问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings拘传summon by force; summon by warrant拘留所detention house举才艮information/report of an offence举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi决定书decision军事法院military procuratorate开庭审理open a court session开庭通知notice of court session勘验笔录record of inquest看守所detention house可执行财产executable property控告式诉讼accusatory proceedings控诉证据incriminating evidence控诉职能accusation function才口才甲distrain on; attachment扣押物distress/distraint宽限期period of grace劳动争议彳中裁申请书p etition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场reform-through-labor farm劳教所reeducation-through-labor office类推判决的核准程序procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence累积证据cumulative evidence立案报告place a case on file立案管辖functional jurisdiction立案决定书written decision of case-filing立案侦查report of placing a case on file利害关系人interested party临时裁决书interim award律师见证书lawyer's written attestation; lawyer's written authentication 律师事务所law office; law firm律师提前介入prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分exemption from criminal penalty民事案件civil case民事审判庭civil tribunal民事诉讼civil action民事诉讼法Civil Procedural Law扭送seize and deliver a suspect to the police派出法庭detached tribunal派出所police station判决judgement; determination判决书judgement; determination; verdict (指陪审团作出的)旁证circumstantial evidence陪审员juror批准逮捕approval of arrest破案clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case破产bankruptcy; insolvency普通程序general/ordinary procedure普通管辖general jurisdiction企业法人破产还债程序procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation起诉filing of a lawsuit起诉sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings起诉状indictment; information区县检察院grassroots People's Procuratorate取保候审the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving缺席判决default judgement人民调解委员会People's Mediation Committee认定财产无主案件cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity上诉appeal上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal少管所juvenile prison社会治安综合治理comprehensive treatment of social security 涉夕卜案件cases involving foreign interests涉夕卜民事诉讼foreign civil proceedings涉夕卜刑事诉讼foreign criminal proceedings申请人applicant; petitioner申请书petition; application for arbitration申请执行人execution applicant申诉人宣誓书claimant's affidavit of authenticity申诉书appeal for revision; petition for revision神示证据制度system of divinity evidence神示制度ordeal system审查案件case review审查并决定逮捕examine and decide arrest审查起诉阶段stage of review and prosecution审理通知书notice of hearing审判长presiding judge审判长宣布开庭presiding judge announce court in session审判管辖adjudgement/trial jurisdiction审判监督程序procedure for trial supervision审判委员会judicial committee审判员judge审问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings生效判决裁定legally effective judgement/order胜诉方winning party省市自治区检察院higher People's Procuratorate失踪和死亡宣告declaration of disappearance and death实(质)体证据substantial evidence实物证据tangible evidence实在证据real evidence示意证据demonstrative evidence视听证据audio-visual evidence收容所collecting post; safe retreat首席大法官chief justice首席检察官chief procurator受害人的近亲属victim's immediate family受理acceptance受理刑事案件审批表registration form of acceptance of criminal case 受送达人the addressee书记员court clerk书十己员宣读法庭仑己律court clerk reads court rules书证documentary evidence司法部Ministry of Justice司法机关judicial organizatons司法警察judicial police司法局judicial bureau司法厅judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government司法协助judicial assistance死缓的复核judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve死刑复核程序procedure for judicial review of death sentence死刑复核权competence for judicial review of death sentence送达service of process送达传票service of summons/subpoena送达诉状service of bill of complaint搜查search诉sue; suit; action; lawsuit诉前财产保全property attachment prior to lawsuit诉讼litigation; lawsuit; sue; action诉讼保全attachment诉讼参力口人litigious participants诉讼代理人agent ad litem诉状complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim特别程序special procedures提起公诉institute a public prosecution铁路法院railway court铁路检察院railroad transport procuratorate庭审程序procedure of court trial通缉wanted for arrest投案appearance退回补充侦查return of a case for supplementary investigation委托辩护entrusted defense未成年人法庭juvenile court无行政职务的法官associate judge无正当理由拒不至 ^庭r efuse to appear in court without due cause 无罪判决acquittal, finding of " not guilty "物证material evidence先予执行申请书application for advanced execution先予执行advanced execution刑事案件criminal case刑事拘留criminal detention刑事强制拘留criminal coercive/compulsory measures刑事审判庭criminal tribunal刑事诉讼criminal proceedings刑事诉讼法Criminal Procedural Law刑事自诉状self-incriminating criminal complaint行政案件administrative case行政审判庭administrative tribunal行政诉讼administrative proceedings行政诉讼法Administrative Procedural Law宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death宣判笔录record of rendition of judgement选民资格案件cases concerning qualifications of voters询问证人inquire/question a witness训诫reprimand讯问笔录record of interrogation询问犯罪嫌疑人interrogate criminal suspect言词证据verbal evidence要求传唤证人申请书application for subpoena一裁终局arbitration award shall be final and binding一审trial of first instance一审案件case of trial of first instance应诉通知书notice of respondence to action有罪判决sentence; finding of "guilty"予审preliminary examinantion; pretrial原告plaintiff院长court president阅卷笔录record of file review (by lawyers)再审案件case of retrial再审申请书petition for retrial责令具结悔过order to sign a statement of repentance债权人会议creditors' meeting侦查阶段investigation stage侦查终结conclusion of investigation征询原、被告最后意见consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant证据evidence证据保全preserve evidence证据保全申请书application for evidence preservation证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit支付令payment order/warrant知识产权庭intellectual property tribunal执行程序procedure execution执行逮捕execution of arrest执行和解conciliation of execution执行回转recovery of execution执行庭executive tribunal执行异议objection to execution执行员executor执行中止discontinuance of execution执行终结conclusion of execution指定辩护appointed defense指定仲裁员声明statement of appointing arbitrator中级人民法院intermediate People's Court中途退庭retreat during court session without permission 仲裁arbitration仲裁被诉人respondent; defendant仲裁裁决award仲裁申请书arbitration彳中裁申诉人claimant; plaintiff仲裁庭arbitration tribunal彳中裁委员会arbitration committee彳中裁协议arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration 仲裁员arbitrator主诉检察官principal procurator助理检察官assistant procurator助理审判员assistant judge专门法院special court专门管辖specific jurisdiction专属管辖exclusive jurisdiction追究开U事责任investigate for criminal responsibility自首confession to justice自诉案件private-prosecuting case自行辩护self-defense自由心证制度doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence 自侦案件self-investigating case最高人民法院the Supreme People's Court最高人民检察院the Supreme People's Procuratorate最后裁决书final award三、民事法律法律渊源source of law带9定法statute判例法case law; precedent普通法common law特另U法special law固有法native law; indigenous law继受法adopted law实体法substantial law程序法procedural law原贝U法fundamental law例外法exception law司法解释judicial interpretation习惯法customary law公序良俗public order and moral自然法natural law罗马法Roman Law私法private law公法public law市民法jus civile万民法jus gentium民法法系civil law system英美法系system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系civil law system普通法common law大陆法continental law罗马法系Roman law system英吉利法English law衡平法equity; law of equity日尔曼法Germantic law教会法ecclesiastical law寺院法canon law伊斯兰法Islamic law民法法律规范norm of civil law授权规范authorization norm禁止规范forbidding norm义务性规范obligatory norm命令性规范commanding norm民法基本原贝U fundamental principles of civil law 平等原贝U principle of equality自愿原贝U principle of free will公平原贝U principle of justice等价有偿原贝U principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原贝U principle of good faith行为act作为act不作为omission合法行为lawful act违法行为unlawful act民事权利权利能力civil right绝对权absolute right相对权relative right优先权right of priority先买权preemption原权antecedent right救济权right of relief支配权right of dominion请求权right of claim物上请求权right of claim for real thing形成权right of formation撤销权right of claiming cancellation否认权right of claiming cancellation解除权right of renouncement代位权subrogated right选择权right of choice承认权right of admission终止权right of termination抗辩权right of defense一时性抗辩权momentary right of defense永久性抗辩权permanent counter-argument right不安抗辩权unstable counter-argument right同时履行抗辩权defense right of simultaneous performance 既得权tested right期待权expectant right专属权exclusive right非专属权non-exclusive right人身权禾U personal right人权human right人格权right of personality生命健康权right of life and health姓名权right of name名称权right of name肖像权right of portraiture自由权right of freedom名誉权right reputation隐私权right of privacy私生活秘密权right of privacy贞操权virginity right身份权right of status亲权parental power; parental right亲属权right of relative探视权visitation right配偶权right of spouse荣誉权right of honor权利的保护protection of right公力救济public protection私力救济self-protection权禾U本位standard of right社会本位standard of society无责任行为irresponsible right正当防卫justifiable right; ligitimate defence防卫行为act of defence自为行为self-conducting act紧急避险act of rescue; necessity自助行为act of self-help不可抗力force majeure意夕卜事件accident行为能力capacity for act意思能力capacity of will民事行为civil act意思表示declaration of intention意思表示一致meeting of minds; consensus完全行为能力perfect capacity for act限制行为能力restrictive capacity for act准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person保佐protection自治产人minor who is capable of administering his own capacity 无行为能力incapacity for act禁治产人interdicted person自然人natural person公民citizen住所domicile居所residence经常居住地frequently dwelling place户籍census register监护guardianship个体工商户individual business农村承包经营户leaseholding rural household合伙partnership合伙人partner合伙协议partnership agreement合伙财产property of partnership合伙债务debt of partnership入伙join partnership退伙withdrawal from partnership合伙企业partnership business establishment个人合伙partnership法人合伙partnership of legal person特另U合伙special partnership普通合伙general partnership有限合伙limited partnership民事合伙civil partnership隐名合伙sleeping partnership; dormant partnership 私营企业private enterprise; proprietorship法人legal person企业法人legal body of enterprise企业集团group of enterprise关联企业affiliate enterprise个人独资企业individual business establishment国有独资企业solely state-owned enterprise中夕卜合资企业Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise中夕卜合作企业Sino-foreign contractual enterprise社团法人legal body of mass organization财团法人legal body of financial group联营joint venture法人型联营association of legal persons合伙型联营coordinated management in partnership协作型联营cooperation-type coordinated management合作社cooperative民事法律行为civil legal act单方民事法律行为unilateral civil legal act双方民事法律行为bilateral civil legal act多方民事法律行为joint act civil legal act有偿民事法律行为civil legal act with consideration无偿民事法律行为civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award实践性民事法律行为practical civil legal act诺成性民事法律行为consental civil legal act要式民事法律行为formal civil legal act不要式民事法律行为informal civil legal act要因民事法律行为causative civil legal act不要因民事法律行为noncausative civil legal act主民事法律行为principal civil legal act从民事法律行为accessory civil legal act附条件民事法律行为conditional civil legal act附期限民事法律行为civil legal act with term生前民事法律行为civil legal act before death死后民事法律行为civil legal act after death准民事法律行为quasi-civil legal act无效行为ineffective act可撤销民事行为revocable civil act违法行为illegal act; unlawful act侵权行为tort欺诈fraud胁迫duress乘人之危taking advantage of others' precarious position以合法形式掩盖非法目的legal form concealing illegal intention 恶意串通malicious collaboration重大误解gross misunderstanding显失公平obvious unjust误传misrepresentation代理agency本人principal被代理人principal受托人trustee代理人agent本代理人original agent法定代理人statutory agent; legal agent 委托代理人agent by mandate指定代理人designated agent复代理人subagent再代理人subagent转代理人subagent代理权right of agency授权行为act of authorization授权委托书power of attorney代理行为act of agency委托代理agency by mandate本代理original agency复代理subagency次代理subagency有权代理authorized agency表见代理agency by estoppel; apparent agency律师代理agency by lawyer普通代理general agency全权代理general agency全权代理委托书general power of attorney共同代理joint agency独家代理sole agency居间brokerage居间人broker行纪commission; broker house信托trust日寸效time limit; prescription; limitation时效中止suspension of prescription/limitation时效中断interruption of limitation/prescription时效延长extension of limitation取得时效acquisitive prescription时效终止lapse of time; termination of prescription 期日date期间term涉夕卜民事关系civil relations with foreign elements 冲突规范rule of conflict准据法applicable law; governing law反致renvoi; remission转致transmission识别identification公共秩序保留reserve of public order法律规避evasion of law国籍nationality国有化nationalization法律责任legal liability民事责任civil liability/responsibility行政责任administrative liability/responsibility刑事责任criminal liability/responsibility违约责任liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default 有限责任limited liability无限责任unlimited liability按份责任shared/several liability连带责任joint and several liability过失责任liability for negligence; negligent liability过错责任fault liability; liability for fault单独过错sole fault共同过错joint fault混合过丰昔mixed fault被害人过错victim's fault第三人过错third party's fault推定过错presumptive fault恶意bad faith; malice故意deliberate intention; intention; willfulness过失negligence重大过失gross negligence疏忽大意的过失careless and inadvertent negligence 过于自信的过失negligence with undue assumption 损害事实facts of damage有形损失tangible damage/loss无形损失intangible damage/loss财产损失property damage/loss人身损失personal damage/loss精 1 申损失spiritual damage/loss民事责任承担方式methods of bearing civil liability 停止侵害cease the infringing act排除妨碍exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle 消除危险elimination of danger返还财产restitution of property恢复原状restitution; restitution of original state赔偿损失compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss支付违约金payment of liquidated damage消除影响eliminate ill effects恢复名誉rehabilitate one's reputation赔礼道歉extend a formal apology物权jus ad rem; right in rem; real right物权制度real right system; right in rem system一物一权原贝U the principal of One thing, One Right物权法定主义principal of legality of right in rem物权公示原贝U principal of public summons of right in rem 物权法jus rerem物property生产资料raw material for production生活资料means of livelihood; means of subsistence流通物res in commercium; a thing in commerce限制流通物limited merchantable thing禁止流通物res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce 资产asset固定资产fixed asset流动资产current asset; floating asset动产movables; chattel不动产immovable; real estate特定物res certae; a certain thing种类物genus; indefinite thing可分物res divisibiles; divisible things不可分物res indivisibiles; indivisible things主物res capitalis; a principal thing从物res accessoria; an accessory thing原物original thing孳息fruits天然孳息natural fruits法定孳息legal fruits无主物bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods 遗失物lost property漂流物drifting object埋藏物fortuna; hidden property货币currency证券securities债券bond物权分类classification of right in rem/real right自物权jus in re propria; right of full ownership所有权dominium; ownership; title所有权凭证document of title; title of ownership占有权dominium utile; equitable ownership使用权right of use; right to use of收益权right to earnings; right to yields处分权right of disposing; jus dispodendi善意占有possession in good faith恶意占有malicious possession按份共有several possession共同共有joint possession他物权jus in re aliena用益物权real right for usufruct使用权right to use; right of use土地使用权right to the use of land林权forest ownership采矿权mining ownership经营权managerial authority; power of management承包经营权right to contracted management相邻权neighboring right; relatedright地上权superficies永佃权jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract地役权servitude; easement人役权servitus personarum; personal servitude担保物权real right for security物的担保security for thing。

法律英语词汇

法律英语词汇

法律英语词汇在当今全球化的时代,法律英语作为一种重要的专业英语,被广泛应用于国际法律交流和合作中。

因此了解和掌握一些常见的法律英语词汇是每位法律从业者的基本要求。

本文将从不同领域的法律英语词汇出发,为读者提供一份简要的参考。

一、合同法1. Contract - 合同2. Offer - 出价3. Acceptance - 接受4. Consideration - 对价5. Breach of contract - 违约6. Damages - 赔偿7. Termination - 终止8. Force majeure - 不可抗力9. Arbitration - 仲裁10. Jurisdiction - 管辖权二、刑法1. Crime - 犯罪2. Offense - 罪行3. Guilty - 有罪4. Innocent - 无辜5. Evidence - 证据6. Attorney - 律师7. Bail - 保释金8. Trial - 审判9. Verdict - 裁决10. Sentence - 判决三、知识产权法1. Copyright - 版权2. Patent - 专利3. Trademark - 商标4. Infringement - 侵权5. Royalties - 版权费6. Intellectual property - 知识产权7. Fair use - 合理使用8. Injunction - 禁令9. License - 许可10. Trade secret - 商业秘密四、劳动法1. Employee - 雇员2. Employer - 雇主3. Labor contract - 劳动合同4. Minimum wage - 最低工资5. Overtime pay - 加班费6. Discrimination - 歧视7. Harassment - 骚扰8. Unemployment benefits - 失业救济金9. Collective bargaining - 集体谈判10. Work injury compensation - 劳动争议五、国际法1. Treaty - 条约2. Diplomacy - 外交3. Sovereignty - 主权4. United Nations - 联合国5. International Court of Justice - 国际法庭6. Human rights - 人权7. Humanitarian law - 人道主义法律8. Peacekeeping - 维和9. Sanctions - 制裁10. War crime - 战争罪六、民事诉讼1. Plaintiff - 原告2. Defendant - 被告3. Complaint - 控诉4. Pleading - 辩词5. Judgment - 判决书6. Appeal - 上诉7. Discovery - 调查8. Subpoena - 传票9. Mediation - 调解10. Settlement - 和解总结:了解法律英语词汇不仅有助于提高法律专业的英语水平,也为国际法律领域的合作和交流提供了便利。

有关法学的名词解释英语

有关法学的名词解释英语

有关法学的名词解释英语近年来,随着国际交流的不断加强,法学作为一门学科也逐渐受到了广泛的关注。

学习法学的过程中,我们经常会遇到一些专业术语,尤其是在英文文献中。

为了帮助大家更好地理解这些术语,本文将对一些常见的法学名词进行解释。

1. Law法律Law是法学中最基本、最核心的概念之一。

它指的是由国家或社会制定和执行的一套规则,用于维护社会秩序、保护权益,以及调整人们在社会中的行为。

2. Legal法定的Legal是指符合法律规定、合法的。

在法律层面上,合乎法律规定的行为被称为legal action,而不合法的行为则被称为illegal action。

3. Constitution宪法Constitution是指一个国家或组织的最高法律文件,它规定了政府组织结构、公民权利和义务,以及政府与公民之间的关系。

宪法通常具有最高的法律权威,其他法律必须符合宪法的规定。

4. Contract合同Contract是指双方或多方在法律上达成的一种协议,约定了各方的权利和义务。

合同是法律上诉诸的一种重要形式,用于规范商业和个人之间的关系。

5. Tort民事侵权行为Tort是指一种违反法律规定,给他人造成损害的行为。

民事侵权行为是指以疏忽、过失或意图为基础,对个人财产或人身安全造成损害的行为,如肇事车辆驾驶员的责任、医疗事故等。

6. Criminal刑事犯罪的Criminal是指犯罪行为或与犯罪有关的事物。

刑事犯罪是指违反刑法规定,触犯国家法律的行为。

常见的刑事犯罪包括盗窃、杀人、贩毒等。

7. Evidence证据Evidence是指用于证明一个事实或支持一个主张的信息或物品。

在法律中,证据是决定案件真相和法律责任的重要依据。

证据可以是文件、录音、视频、证人证言等。

8. Procedure程序Procedure是指在法律程序中遵循的特定步骤和规则。

法律程序确保了公正和平等的司法处理,包括立案、审理、判决等环节。

9. Jurisdiction司法管辖权Jurisdiction是指法院、法官或其他司法机关在特定领域或特定案件中行使权力的范围。

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谈谈法律英语中的专业词汇
疾风劲草发表于: 2007-5-24 10:19 来源: 法律英语网法律英语社区
谈谈法律英语中的专业词汇
法律英语决不是独立于普通英语之外的另一种语言,其语法规则和语句结构都与普通英语无异。

比起文学作品来,法律英语要简叨、直接得多,因而世较通浴易懂,难懂的只是那竺专业词汇。

华东政法学院长期执教法律英语的王达人教授也著文称:“法律英语作为一种载体,有其独特的地方,独特的地方集中到一点,就.是对法律词义的理解和表达。

”法律英语中不仅有不为常人所用的很生僻的专业词汇(包括一些法语和拉丁语词汇),而且很多常用词在法律中又会有其特殊的专门词义。

造成法律英语晦涩难懂的根本原因,就是没有掌握这些生僻的专业词和具有特殊词义的常用词。

那么,①专业词汇在法律英语中占有多大的比例?②通过什么样的途径来掌握专业词汇呢?
为了回答这两个问题,笔者作了一次统计.统计的对象是目前较为流行的三本法律英语教材:
1 .安徽人学,1986 年,《英语·法律分册》1 .陈忠诚,1987 年,《法律英语五十篇》
1 .陈庆柏,1994 年,《涉外经济法律英语》统计的方法是从上述三本书的正文部分选取内容相对独立的三、四页作样品。

第I 本书取的是4 一7 页上的Civil Jury at the Present Day 和Criminal Juries at the Present Day 两节,第I 本书取397 一400 页上Penalties 一章,第l 本书取319 一321 页上The Finance of Inter - national Trade 的前半部分。

我们把三个样品中的全部单词(阿拉伯数字不讨)逐个进行登记。

第一步,先把全部单词分成法律专业词汇(包括在文章里具扁特殊法律词义的昔通词汇)和非法律专业词汇西大类。

同一个词即使在同一样品中重复出现,每重现一次即登记一次,把登记下来的词逐个数出,得出这三个参考样品中两类词汇出现的次数和所占的比例,结果见表l : 表l 专业词汇和非专业词汇比较表.
第二步,为了了解专业词汇中生僻词和常用词各占的比例,我们以大学英语四级词汇表为标准,把上述三个样品中出现的全部专业词汇又分成两组:一组为未收入该词汇表中的法律专业词汇(生僻词),一组为已收入该词汇表中的法律专业词汇.
法律英语决不是独立于普通英语之外的另一种语言,其语法规则和语句结构都与普通英语无异。

比起文学作品来,法律英语要简叨、直接得多,因而世较通浴易懂,难懂的只是那竺专业词汇。

华东政法学院长期执教法律英语的王达人教授也著文称:“法律英语作为一种载体,有其独特的地方,独特的地方集中到一点,就.是对法律词义的理解和表达。

”法律英语中不仅有不为常人所用的很生僻的专业词汇(包括一些法语和拉丁语词汇),而且很多常用词在法律中又会有其特殊的专门词义。

造成法律英语晦涩难懂的根本原因,就是没有掌握这些生僻
的专业词和具有特殊词义的常用词。

那么,①专业词汇在法律英语中占有多大的比例?②通过什么样的途径来掌握专业词汇呢?为了回答这两个问题,笔者作了一次统计.统计的对象是目前较为流行的三本法律英语教材: 1 .安徽人学,1986 年,《英语·法律分册》1 .陈忠诚,1987 年,《法律英语五十篇》1 .陈庆柏,1994 年,《涉外经济法律英语》统计的方法是从上述三本书的正文部分选取内容相对独立的三、四页作样品。

第I 本书取的是4 一7 页上的Civil Jury at the Present Day 和Criminal Juries at the Present Day 两节,第I 本书取397 一400 页上Penalties 一章,第l 本书取319 一321 页上The Finance of Inter - national Trade 的前半部分。

我们把三个样品中的全部单词(阿拉伯数字不讨)逐个进行登记。

第一步,先把全部单词分成法律专业词汇(包括在文章里具扁特殊法律词义的昔通词汇)和非法律专业词汇西大类。

同一个词即使在同一样品中重复出现,每重现一次即登记一次,把登记下来的词逐个数出,得出这三个参考样品中两类词汇出现的次数和所占的比例,结果见表l : 表l 专业词汇和非专业词汇比较表瞬品I 瞬品“样品皿专业词汇数占总词数%279 29 . 0 % 238 25 . 3 % 230 28 . 5 % 非专业词汇数占总词数%684 71 .
0 % 702 74 . 7 % 577 7 1 . 5 % 总词数963 940 807 第二步,为了了解专业词汇中生僻词和常用词各占的比例,我们以大学英语四级词汇表为标准,把上述三个样品中出现的全部专业词汇又分成两组:一组为未收入该词汇表中的法律专业词汇(生僻词),一组为已收入该词汇表中的法律专业词汇
从以上两个统计表中可以看到,三个样品反映出人体一致的情况:
1 .在法律英语中,出现最多的还是非法律专业词汇(占总词数的70 %以上)。

2 .真正生僻的专业词汇较少(约占总词数的6 . 5 % 左右),而属于常用词范围的法律专业词汇却占有相当比重(占专业词汇总数的四分之三以上,总词数的五分之一左右),这些词汇或其基本词义就是法律用语,或其基本词义虽然不是法律用语,
但在法律英语中却有其专门的法律词义。

上述统计所取的样品虽然具有一定的局限性,但我们认为大致反映了法律英语中各类词汇出现频率的基本情况。

笔者曾对我国的《经济合同法》、(The Economic Contract Law of the P . R . C . )和《商标法》(Trademark Law of the P · R . C . )的英文本作过类似的统计,各类词汇所占的比例与上述三个样品中的情况也基本相似。

根据以上统计结果,笔者以为,既然法律英语咬之普通英语的难点在于法律专业试点,而四分之三以上的法律专业词汇又是属于《大学英语教学大纲》规定应该掌握的常用词,本文开头提出的第②个问题(通过什么样的途径来掌握专业词汇), 其答案应该是显而易见的:就是通过学习《大学英语》来掌握和积累那些具有法律词义的常用词汇。

我们法律专业学生学习英语的重点应放在这一部分词汇上,尤其要把重点放在基本词义和法律词义不相同的那些常用词上。

要掌握好这些词汇,一个好的方法就是在学习《大学英语》时有意识地做到以下三点:
1 .记住这些词的法律词义;
2 .掌握由它们构成的具有法律意义的词组和搭配;
3 .了解根据基本构词法由这些词派生、转化、复合而成的具有法律词义的生词。

如果我们做到了这三点,法律英语中的大部分难点将不再成为拦路虎。

当然在学完《大学英语》之后,再用一定时间系统地学习法律英语.效果会更好。

至于约占总词数6 . 5 %左右生僻的专业词汇可以及学习法律英语阶段,或以后的实践中逐渐掌握,也可以借助于专业词典得知其词义。

顺便说明一下,这次统计中,所谓生僻词只是由于它们未被’列入四级词汇表中,其实约有三分之一的“生僻词”在《大学英涪精读》一至四册的正文中早已出现,如credit , magistrate , penalty , subsequent , finance 等等。

真正生僻的法律专业词汇实际只占总词数的
4 %左右。

总之,通过《大学英语》的学习,我们不仅能从整体上提高基础英语水平,而且也能积累大量法律英语词汇,从而提高法律英语的理解及应用水平。

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