高考英语 完形填空高频动词短语的辨析

2012高考英语完形填空高频动词短语的辨析

与动词搭配的词非常多，有介词、副词等。常见的有同一动词与不同的介词或副词搭配，也有不同的动词与相同的介词或副词搭配。动词短语在完形填空的试题中占的比例比较大。一个动词+介词或者副词构成的短语通常为考查的重点。考生要了解常见动词所构成的词组的基本用法，同时还要注意辨析相似词组的差异。但是这样的试题不是注重考查词义的辨析，而是侧重于考查动词短语在具体

语境中的应用。

1.动词+介词，后面常接名词、代词作其宾语，该名词或代词必须放在介词

的后面。如果后接代词，代词要用宾格形式。

approve of赞成

arrive at 到达

belong to 属于

consist of 由……构成

depend on 依靠

go over 检查

listen to 听

look after照顾，照料

look at看

look for 寻找

look into 调查

rely on 依靠

send for 请……来

take after 像

think about 考虑

2.动词+副词，后面可以接名词、代词作其宾语。接名词时，该名词可放在

副词之后，也可放在动词和副词之间。

break down出故障

eat up 吃光

give out 分发

give up 放弃

hold up 举起

pick out挑选

put off 推迟

put on 穿；上演

run off 复印，复制

turn on 打开

try on 试穿take away解除

think over仔细考虑

use up 用尽，吃光

3.动词+副词+介词

catch up with赶上

come up with找到（答案），拿出（一笔钱等）

do away with废除

get along with 与……相处

go on with 继续

get out of 逃避，规避

hold on to坚持

keep up with跟上

keep away from远离

live up to不辜负

look down upon 轻视

look forward to 期待

put up with容忍

think highly of对……高度评价

4.动词+名词+介词

catch hold of 抓住

have a word with与……交谈have a look at看一看

give lessons to 给……上课make friends with与……交朋友

make fun of 取笑

make room for给……让出空间

shake hands with与……握手

take care of 照顾

5.动词+介词+名词

come into effect生效

例题：

The nurse had him take a 36(seat) in the waiting area, 37(telling) him it would be at least 40 minutes 38(before) someone would be able to see him. I saw him 39(looking) at his watch and decided，since I was 40(not) busy —my patient didn’t’t 41 at the appointed hour, I would examine his wou

nd... (2010·全国卷Ⅰ)

41.A. turn up B. show off C. come on D.

go away

解析A。考查动词短语辨析。根据第41空前面的"I was not busy"和后面的"at the appointed hour"可知作者不忙的原因是他的病人在约定的时间内还没有来。故选A。turn up意为"出现，露面"。show off"炫耀"；come on"改进，

改善，加油"；go away"走开"。

Finally, we 45 a crossroad near a highway. Lady Luck suggested I sho uld turn left. We did and 46(shortly) reached a cottage beside a field... (201

0·湖南卷)

45. A. left for B. went off C. came to

D. drove toward

解析C。考查动词短语辨析。根据后面Lady Luck建议作者向左拐可知，他们是来到了一个高速公路的十字路口处。leave for"动身去"；go off"爆炸，

开火"；drive toward"开车朝着……而去"。

So I 31 a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans ([HTK]孤儿[HT]) at the Christmas party... (2 010·浙江卷)

31. A. kept up with B. caught up with C. came up with

D. put up with

解析C。考查动词短语的辨析。此处意为"我想出了一个计划，并且组织我公司里的40个人来帮忙"。keep up with"跟上"；catch up with"追上，赶上"；p ut up with"容忍"。