(完整版)modernlinguistics,现代语言学,构词法

Ⅰ Compounding
• Definition • Formation • Features
phonological feature semantic feature • Chinese Counterpart
1.Definition
• Compound refers to those words that consist of more than one lexical morpheme, or two or more words joined together to form single new word.
something, • baby oil?
Read the following compounds, and then guess their meanings
1. American cloth 2. British warm 3. Turkish delight 4. Spanish athelete 5. Chinese copy 6. French leave 7. Indian meal 8. Dutch treat
a toy consisting of a clown-like puppet that springs out of a box when the lid is activated.
• A boathouse is a house for boats, • a cathouse? • A magnifying glass is a glass that magnifies, • a looking glass? • Peanut oil and olive oil are oils made from
• Redcoat
• red coat
3.2 Semantic Feature
• The compound’s meanings do not simply follow the “1+1 Principle”.
• The meaning of a compound is not always the sum of the meanings of its parts
• In compounds, the lexical morphemes can be of different word classes.
2.Formation
Adjective Noun
Verb
• Adjective bittersweet poorhouse whitewash
• Noun headstrong homework spoonfeed
美产布料 英国式的暖日 土耳其式狂欢 西班牙运动员 中国版本 法式告别 印度大餐 荷兰招待方式
Many compounds tend to have senses that are not wholly predictable from the constituent elements: • darkroom
room used for photographic processing • Jack-in-a-box
A. It depends on which "lion's share" you're talking about, says Mark Davidson in Right, Wrong, and Risky. The phrase is commonly used to mean "the largest portion," such as when The Financial Times stated that "a mere 30 of Egypt's 300 book publishers receive the lion's share of the industry's profit."
Could you express them in English?
Pigtail
dog’s ear 书页的折角
Cat’s paw
someone who is used by someone else to achieve something bad: 猫爪（被利 用的人）
• Q. When will a lion settle for a lion's share?
• blackbird, gold-tail, and cloth moth
3.1 Phonological Feature
Compound a 'black horse a 'bluebird a 'fat head a 'hot house
Free phrase wenku.baidu.com black 'horse a blue 'bird a fat 'head a hot 'house
• In an actual compound, the first word is usually stressed(pronounced louder and higher in pitch), and in a non-compound phrase the second word is usually stressed.
• Verb
\
pickpocket sleepwalk
Takeover?
• Compounds are variously spelled with the hyphen, spaces, or nothing between the individual words.
• Spelling does not tell us what sequence of words constitute a compound; whether a compound is spelled with a space between the two words, with a hyphen, or with no separation at all depends on the idiosyncrasies of the particular compound: