分子生物学研究进展

Abnormality of Gene structure
Abnormality of Gene expression
Central dogma
transcription
transplantation
DNA
mRNA
Protein
RT
Technology
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
PCR RE analysis Hybridization DNA sequencing DNA fingerprinting DNA microarray
能对生物成分或生物分子进行快速并行处理和分 析的技术。
检测原理：利用特异性的分子间的相互作用，
如核酸杂交、抗原-抗体特异性结合、蛋白-蛋白 间特异性结合等。
1. General Introduction
If you get the gene, you will get the protein.
If you want a protein, get its gene!
Microarray Analysis
Applications of biochip technology
1. Disease diagnosis
Molecular mechanisms of the diseases
Treatment strategy of the diseases
应用DNA芯片可在DNA水平检测与疾病相关的内源性或外 源性基因；应用表达芯片可以在表达水平分析同一组织在不 同的发育阶段，正常及病理状态基因表达的差异，也可分析 不同组织同一基因在正常及病理状态下表达的差异，从而为 疾病诊断与分类，病原微生物分型提供科学依据。
Definition of Microarrays
DNA Microarray: miniaturized array having up to tens of thousands of single-stranded DNA attached to it.
Microarray Analysis: Introduction
DNA芯片技术是指在固相支持物上原位合成（in situ synthesis）寡核苷酸探针，或者直接将大量的DNA探针以 显微打印的方式有序的固化于支持物表面，然后与标记的 样品杂交，通过对杂交信号的检测分析即可得出样品的遗 传信息（基因序列及表达的信息）。
DNA Microarray Analysis
Presentation outline
Introduction DNA Microarray Tissue Array Analysis Flowarray Analysis
Microarray Analysis: Introduction
Definition of Microarray
生物芯片：
Microarray Analysis: Introduction
Classification of Microarray
DNA/gene microarray Protein chip Tissue Array Flowarray
DNA Microarray Analysis
Principle of Microarrays
Microarray ：Mini-laboratory
Microarray Analysis: Introduction
Microarray development
Motivation
Low-automaticity of the analytical apparatus Difficult to integrate all the steps together, including sample preparation, biochemical event, consequence detection & analysis.
RT-PCR FQ-PCR Northern blot DNA microarray (Gene chip)
Western-blot IHC stain ELIZA Protein chip Tissue Array
Microarray Analysis: Introduction
History of Microarray development
Southern & Northern Blot Dot Blot
Macroarray
Microarray
Microarray Analysis: Introduction
History of Microarray development
Microarray
Computer-chip
1950’s: Computer-chip 2000’s: Bio-Microarray
Microarray Analysis
郑芳 Fang Zheng Ph.D. Prof. Tianjin Medical University
Presentation outline
Introduction DNA Microarray Tissue Aarray Analysis Flowarray Analysis
Microarray Analysis: Introduction
Microarray development
Aim of microarray application: To integrate those noncontinuous analytic processes into a ‘chip’ or a ‘microarray’, and made them continuous and miniaturized
Microarray development
生物芯片主要特征:
高通量: 极高的样品并行处理能力 High throughput: high level of parallel processing capability 微量化：所需样品量减少，灵敏度高 High level of sensitivity 自动化：全过程自动化、标准化程度高 Automatization、standardization