宾语从句讲解及专项练习(附有答案)

宾语从句专项练习

宾语从句应用注意事项：1.时态一致 2.人称一致 3.陈述语气 4.标点随主句

一、概念

宾语从句的宾语部分中有一个从句充当宾语。

二、可接宾语从句的动词

say 、tell 、think、know、see、hear、hope、guess、find、feel 等，或由形容词构成的系表结构，如：afraid、sure、glad、sorry等

三、宾语从句的标点符号。

宾语从句的标点符号取决于主句，如果主句是陈述句，句尾用句号；如果主句是疑问句，句尾用问号。

四、引导词。

1、that （从句是陈述句时，引导词用that ，它本身无词义，不充当成分，在口语中可省略，但在正式场合不可省。）

2、if或whether （从句是一般疑问句时用if 或whether ，含义是“是否”。）

if、whether 一般情况下可以互换，但在构成whether…or not 句式只用whether

3、连接代词、连接副词（从句是特殊疑问句时用）

连接代词（who、whom、whose、what、which ）

连接副词（when、where、how 、why ）

五、宾语从句的语序。

宾语从句的语序都用陈述句语序（即正常的主谓语序）

He says that Jim will miss a lot of lessons .

He asked whether we should hold a sports meeting .

Do you know what the population of Dalian is ？

六、宾语从句的时态。

1、主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要选用任何时态。

He says that he is good at English

He says that he has been ill for two days

2、主句是一般过去时，从句可根据需要用相应的过去某种时态。（即一般过去时、过去将来时、过去完成时等）

He asked me where I lived

He said that she had been ill for two days

She said that she would return soon

3、当从句讲述的是客观事实或真理时，从句时态不受主句的影响，都用一般现在时。

The teacher said “light travels faster than sound”

He said that the earth is round

特例：Could you tell me …委婉的语气，常按照一般现在时处理。

Could you tell me where the nearest hospital is ？

七、语从句的从句中不再有助动词。即一般现在时的助动词do ，does ，一般过去时的助动词did.

Do you like speaking English ？He wants to know .（改为宾语从句）

He wants to know if you like speaking English

八、如果简单句变成了宾语从句，那么其谓语动词要相应的变化。常见的一般过去时的动词应用过去式；一般现在时的如果主语是第三人称单数的，动词要用单三形式，如果主语不是第三人称单数，动词都用原形；其他时态变成相应的时态的结构即可。

九、宾语从句变否定句。

如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时，并且谓语动词多为think、guess、believe等表示心理活动的词时，变否定句要否定转移，即否定主句。否则，变否定句看从句。

I think chicken can swim （变否定句）

I don’t think chicken can swim

He said that he would go shopping（变否定句）……

He said that he would not go shopping

专项练习

选择填空：

( ) 1. It's so dark. I can't find out _______ it's a boy _______ a girl.

A. if, and

B. that, and

C. either, or

D. whether, or

( ) 2. Could you tell me if he _______ to Shanghai?

A. has gone

B. had gone

C. went

D. go

( ) 3. He told me _______ she would catch the early bus.

A. which

B. whether

C. why

D. that

( ) 4. Mrs. Green asked me _______ I would go with her.

A. what

B. which

C. why

D. that

( ) 5. I don't know _______ the coat _______ cheap enough.

A. if, is

B. where,were

C. that ,was

D. if, were

( ) 6. Call you tell me why _______ yesterday?

( ) 7. He said that they _______ Yunnan.

A. have been to

B. had gone to

C. have gone to

D. has gone to

( ) 8. Jack isn't sure _______ students there are in his class.

A. how many

B. what

C. which

D. whether

( ) 9. Can you tell me _______ yesterday?

A. what they do

B. what they did

C. what do they do

D. what did they do

( ) 10. I want to know _______ his homework yesterday evening.

A. if he finished

B. whether he had finished

C. had she finished

D. has she finished

( ) 11. Do you know what _______ this time yesterday?

A. they are doing

B. are they doing

C. they were doing

D. were they doing

( ) 12. Excuse me, can you tell me _______ ？

A. why was the train late

B. why the train was late

C. why is the train late

D. why the train is late

( ) 13. Do you know where _______ ? Someone is looking for him.

A. he is

B. he was

C. is he

D. was he

( ) 14. He wanted to know how long _______ in hospital.

A. she is staying

B. she had stayed

C. did she stay

D. she stay

( ) 15. My brother said he _______ going _______ his friend the next day.

A. was, to meet

B. would go, has

C. will go, was going to

D. will go, will

( ) 16. He told me that he _______ to London the next day.

A. would go

B. go

C. went

D. has gone

( ) 17. He said that light _______ much faster than sound.

A. traveled

B. will travel

C. travels

D. is traveling

( ) 18. Our teacher said that the moon _______ around the earth.

A. turn

B. turned

C. has turned

D. turns