初中英语语法-虚拟语气讲解学习
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1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语 气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。 （见课本P 170页）。
2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事 实，或者是不可能发生的情况， 而是一种愿望，建议，假设的 语气叫虚拟语气。
一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句 中的用法
条件从句 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
现在
did / were
• 我们建议Tom去休息一下。 • 他坚决要求我到场。 • 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 • 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。
We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.
He insisted that I (should) be present.
The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.
They requested that we (should) send them to work there.
以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句 （包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语）也 要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。
order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire
1. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.
2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a
hug.
与现在事实相反
3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.
• They talked as if they had been friends for years.
• He looks as if he were drunk.
过去时 4.It’s (about/high) time +that --
should +V. 你该走了。It’s high time that you went.
• I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (过去)
• We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us.
(未来)
现在： 过去时 2. would rather that --
过去： 过去完成时
未来： 过去时
• I would rather you paid me now. (现在) • I would rather you had gone, too. (过去) • Don’t come. I would rather you came
tomorrow. (未来)
3. as if /though + 从句
现在：过去时 过去：过去完成时
• She loves the baby as if it were her own son.
• It seems as if it were spring.
• I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.
• It’s suggested that the plan be carried out.
• My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.
• All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.
6.without和but for 构成虚拟。(but for要不是) • Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today.
4. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have
happened. 与过去事实相反
5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing.
6. I think we could do it, if we planed it properly and could borrow the tools.
would/could/should/ might +V.(原)
过去
had done
would/could/should/ might+have+p.p.
未来
1. did / were 2. should do
would/could/should/ might + V.(原)
3. were to do
It’s high time that you were going.
It’s high time that you should go.
我们该睡觉了。It’s time that we went to bed.
It’s time that we should go to bed.
5. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。 1.宾语从句。常见动词：
7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.
与未来事实相反
源自文库、虚拟语气特殊句型： 1. wish 现在： 过去时 (did/were) 2.+ 宾 过去： 过去完成时 (had done)
语从 未来： would/could/might+V. should • 句I wish I were a bird. (现在)
2.一个坚持：insist
3.两个命令：order, command
4.三个建议：advise, suggest, propose
5.四个要求：demand , require, request, d这e些sir动e 词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气
用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原 形，或者将should省略。
2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事 实，或者是不可能发生的情况， 而是一种愿望，建议，假设的 语气叫虚拟语气。
一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句 中的用法
条件从句 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
现在
did / were
• 我们建议Tom去休息一下。 • 他坚决要求我到场。 • 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 • 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。
We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.
He insisted that I (should) be present.
The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.
They requested that we (should) send them to work there.
以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句 （包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语）也 要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。
order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire
1. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.
2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a
hug.
与现在事实相反
3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.
• They talked as if they had been friends for years.
• He looks as if he were drunk.
过去时 4.It’s (about/high) time +that --
should +V. 你该走了。It’s high time that you went.
• I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (过去)
• We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us.
(未来)
现在： 过去时 2. would rather that --
过去： 过去完成时
未来： 过去时
• I would rather you paid me now. (现在) • I would rather you had gone, too. (过去) • Don’t come. I would rather you came
tomorrow. (未来)
3. as if /though + 从句
现在：过去时 过去：过去完成时
• She loves the baby as if it were her own son.
• It seems as if it were spring.
• I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.
• It’s suggested that the plan be carried out.
• My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.
• All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.
6.without和but for 构成虚拟。(but for要不是) • Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today.
4. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have
happened. 与过去事实相反
5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing.
6. I think we could do it, if we planed it properly and could borrow the tools.
would/could/should/ might +V.(原)
过去
had done
would/could/should/ might+have+p.p.
未来
1. did / were 2. should do
would/could/should/ might + V.(原)
3. were to do
It’s high time that you were going.
It’s high time that you should go.
我们该睡觉了。It’s time that we went to bed.
It’s time that we should go to bed.
5. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。 1.宾语从句。常见动词：
7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.
与未来事实相反
源自文库、虚拟语气特殊句型： 1. wish 现在： 过去时 (did/were) 2.+ 宾 过去： 过去完成时 (had done)
语从 未来： would/could/might+V. should • 句I wish I were a bird. (现在)
2.一个坚持：insist
3.两个命令：order, command
4.三个建议：advise, suggest, propose
5.四个要求：demand , require, request, d这e些sir动e 词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气
用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原 形，或者将should省略。