2015届高三英语-主谓一致

5)不定代each,every,no所修饰的名词即使以and 或逗号连接成多主语时，位于动词仍用单数形式 Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in the future. 6)如果主语有more than one 或many a构成，尽管 从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词仍用单 数形式 More than one student has seen the film. Many a ship has been damaged in the storm. 但是“more+复数名词+than one”结构之后，谓 语动词一般多用复数形式
名词和主谓一致
主谓一致
1.语法形式上的一致 主语为单数形式，谓语就用单数形式；主语为复 数形式，谓语就用复数形式 例如：Jane and Mary are alike. The number of the students in our school is 3500. 2.意义上的一致 1)主语虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语用复数 例如：The people are waiting for the bus. 单数形式代表复数意义的词有： people, police, cattle
19)不定代词any,either,neither,none,all,some, more 等作主语时，有以下两种情况： ① 单独作主语时，视其在句中的意义，可用单数 也可用复数 All are present now. Now all has changed. ② 但是与of连用，若of后的宾语是单数，动词用 单数；但是如果后的宾语是复数，则单复数谓语 动词都可以，单数更常见 Do(es) any of you know his address?
None of my friends smoke(s).
D)分数、量词作主语 20）“分数/百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a quantity of,half of+名词” 构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后 的名词的数保持一致。这是因为短语后的词是中 心词，前面的量词是修饰语 About three-fourths of the surface of the is covered earth _________with water. (cover) Three-fifths of the workers here___women. are (be) 比较a number of+复数名词与 the number of+复 数名词 A number of the students_________the have seen film.(see) The number of the students present____200. is (be)
The population of China is large. “a group/crowd of+复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动 词也是既可用单数，也可用复数前者强调整体；后 者强调个体 2）某些集体名词，如people,police,cattle 等，只 当复数看待谓语动词必须用复数
The police are searching for the murderer.
这类词有：audience, class, club, company,crew, crowd, enemy, government, group, public, team, party……
另外，population 这个词使用情况类似 85 percent of the population in China are peasants.
Such ___our is plan. / Such_____his are words. 17)关系代词who, which, that等在定语从句中作主 语时，其谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致 Those who want to go please sign your names here. He spent the money that is given by his mother on books. 18)疑问代词who,what,which作主语时，谓语动词 可根据说话人所表达的意思来决定单复数 ---Who lives in the next door? ---It’s Tom ---Who live in the next door? ---It’s Tom and Jack. Which is(are) your book(s)?
This kind of man ____dangerous. is are dangerous. Men of this kind____ 9)复数形式的单复数同形的名词作主语时，按照 意义一致的原则。如works, species, Chinese, Japanese，means等 This /The glass works______ was set up in 1999. are These glass works_____near the river.
14)以or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的单 复数应根据就近一致的原则 am Either you or I _____to go. (be) Neither you nor I nor anybody else knows _____anything about it. (know) C) 代词作主语 15）名词型物主代词连接的动词，既可用单数也 可用复数，取决于它所代替的名词的单复数 Your shoes black, while mine are brown. 16)such,the same起指示代词作用时，应根据其所 指代的内容来决定单复数
More members than one are against your plan.
7)一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作 主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors 等， 但是如果主语用a kind of,a pair of等加名词构成时， 谓语一般用单数 Her clothes are fit her well. A pair of shoes was on the desk. 8) this kind of book=a book of this kind 谓语用单数。 this kind of men=men of this kind 单数 复数 “all kinds of +复数名词”谓语动词用复数
One and a half bananas is left on the table.
23）half of, (a) part of 修饰可数名词单数及 不可 数名词时，谓语动词用单数；修饰可数名词复数 时，谓语动词用复数 E)名词化的形容词作主语Leabharlann Baidu24）如果主语是“the+形容词/过去分词”结构担 任，位于通常用复数 例如the old, the blind, the poor, the rich, the wounded, the blind, the unemployed 等, in a special school. (study) The blind study _____ 这类形容词如果要表示个体，就要与名词象 man ,person 或表示人的单数连用，如 an old man, the wounded soldier
注意:(large) quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名 词时，谓语动词常用复数 Large quantities of food (nuts) were on the table. 21)a great deal of,a large amount of 修饰不可数 名词作主语，谓语动词常用单数；large amounts of 修饰不可数名词，谓语常用复数 A large amount of (A great deal of) damage was done in a very short time. Large amount of money was spent on the bridge. 22)表示数量one and a half的后，名词要用复数形 式，但是谓语动词用单数
4.应注意的几个问题 A)名词作主语 1）某些集体名词，如family,team等作主语时，如 果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如 果就其中的一个个成员个体而言，谓语动词用复 数形式 例如：His family is very large. The whole family are watching TV
但是，并列主语如果指的是同一个人，同一 事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式， 这时and后的名词无冠词 Truth and honesty____the is best policy. (be) is His teacher and friend____a doctor. (be) 13)当主语后面有as well as, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to, rather than, like, along with等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单 复数依主语而定 The teacher as well as the students was excited. The room with its furniture was rented. Mr. Smith, together with his three children is going to come to this party.
The people in China are living a happy life.
3）单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根 据意义决定单复数 The sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there. 4) 当名词词组的中心词为表示度量衡、距离、 金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据 意义一致的原则，把这些名词看所一个整体，谓 语用单数。 Three years has passed. The Selected Poems of Li Bai was published long ago. 20,000 dollars is a large amount of money.
当它们前面有 a, such a, this, that 修饰时， 谓语用单数；有all, such, these, those 修饰时， 谓语用复数
10)如果all, most, half, rest修饰不可数名词时，谓 语用单数；如修饰可数名词复数时，谓语动词用 复数 study All of my classmates______hard. (study) All of the milk_________for is left you. (leave) 11)在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后 的主语一致 hangs Between the two rooms________a picture. (hang) B)由连接词连接的名词作主语 12）用and 或both…and 连接并列主语，谓语动词 通常用复数形式 Both walking and riding_____good are exercises.
2) 主语形式为复数，而意义为单数，谓语用单数 例如： The news was very exciting . 形复意单的词有：news,works(工厂)和一些-ics结 尾的学科名称，如physics, politics, economics等 3.就近原则 就是谓语的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语 如连词 or, either…or, neither…nor. not only…but also等连接的并列主语 例如：Not only the students but also the teacher likes ______the film. (like) know Either your sister or your friends ______it.(know)