Unit 4 Period 4 Discovering Useful Structures
Unit4 discovering useful structure高中英语人教版2019必修第三册
动词不定式的时态和语态
一般式 进行式 完成式
主动语态 to do to be doing
to have done
被动语态 to be done
to have been done
完成进行式 to have been doing
The Infinitive as the Attributive (动词不定式用作定语)
3)不定式与所修饰的词是同位关系, 解释说明所修饰词的内容，常 见的这类词表示计划（plan）、目的（aim， purpose)、梦想/愿 望(wish,desire,dream)、承诺(promise)、决定(decision)、打算 (attempt), 能力(ability)，机会(chance,opportunity) 等。
2.序数词、形容词最高级和the last/the only/the next等后或 被这些词修饰的名词后常用动词不定式作定语。
The newspaper reporter was the last to walk out of the cave. 那位报社记者是最后一个走出山洞的。 This is the third question to be discussed. 这是要讨论的第三个问题。
必修第三册Unit 4 UnitS4PASpCaEceEXPLORATION
DEixscpoloverraitnigonUseful Structures
• To live abroad is not easy.
主语
• She planned to visit her parents next week. 宾语
*不定式to do 作定语，如果句子主语是人，并且是to do 动作的发出者，用主动形式。
Unit4 Discovering Useful Structures 高中人教版2019必修第一册
Language Point
He lives in a room whose window faces north. 他住在一个窗子朝北的房 间里。 4.which引导的定语从句 which指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语,作宾语时可省略。 The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring (which) he had lost on the train. 那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指,他非常高兴。 The little girl is having an apple which is big and red. 小女孩正在吃一个 又大又红的苹果。
先行词 关系代词 定语从句
Language Point
1.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. ___T_w__o__t_h_i_r_d_s__o_f__t_h_e__p_e_o__p_l_e__w__h_o__(_l_iv__e_d__t_h_e_r_e__w__e_r_e__d_e_a_d__o__r_i_n_j_u_r_e_d__)_.________ ____________________先__行___词___关___系___代__词______定___语___从__句_____________________________ 2.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. __W__o__r_k_e_r_s__b_u_i_l_t_s_h__e_lt_e_r_s__f_o_r__s_u_r_v_i_v_o__r_s_w__h__o_s_e__(_h_o_m__e__s_h__a_d__b_e_e__n__d_e_s_t_r_o_y_e__d_)_._ ______________________________先___行__词____关__系___代___词_______定___语__从___句_________________
【课件】Unit+4Discovering+Useful+Structures课件-人教版必修第一册
We can donate clothes. Clothes can protect people from the cold. We can donate clothes which/that protect people from the cold.
What can we do to help them?
1. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
2. A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador. 3. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
Tornado
It is a strong wind which/that moves in a circle.
Tsunami
It is a very large wave which/that is often caused by an earthquake under the sea.
Observe the rule
e to rescue
If we were soldiers, we can dig out the people. The people were buried. If we were soldiers , we can dig out the people who/that were buried.
作主语
作定语
作宾语
Summarize the rules
1. 先行词指人时，用关系代词在句中___作__主__语__或__宾__语____；关系代词用 _t_h_a_t_/_w__h_o_(_w_h_o_m__)_。
Unit4DiscoveringUsefulStructures课件高中英语人教版
1 用所给词的适当形式填空 ①I am honoured _t_o_d_e_l_iv_e_r__ (deliver) a speech at the opening ceremony
on behalf of our school． ②The question _to__b_e_d_i_s_c_u_s_se_d__ (discuss) tomorrow is about the pollution. ③ The book is said to _h_a_v_e_b__ee_n__t_r_a_n_sl_a_t_e_d_ (translate) into four
我会记下他的电话号码，以免忘记。
有时为了强调或突出这种目的，也可以用in order (not) to do，和so as (not) to do结构（so as to do不可以置于句首）。
2. 结果状语
① He returned home to learn his daughter had just been engaged.
5.On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作_定__语___)
Exercises 2: rewrite the sentences using “in order to/so as to + do”. Change the italicized (斜体) parts accordingly. [Textbook P42 2. (2) (4) (5) (6)]
4. Astronauts' bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity, so they need to exercise every day, which will help them stay healthy.
高中英语人教版必修4《Unit 4 Discovering useful structures》
3. She stepped back appearing surprised … 4. Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in
smiling, together with … 5. …, she recognized Tony Garcia’s smiling
The XXXlight is white and blindingt,hrowing _______ (throw) hard-edged shadows on the ground.
解析：_______ hard-edged shadows on the ground 在句中作结果状语，其逻辑主语 和 句子的主语保持一致。明显，句子主语 the XXXlight 是 throw 动作的实行者， throw 相对于 the XXXlight 而言是主动动作 故填throwing。
Having done the work, he went home. 完成了工作，他就回家了。
动词-ing作状语常常和逻辑主语之间存在主 动关系，常常用来表示原因、时间、方式、 结果、条件、相伴状态等。动词-ing一样不 用作表目的的状语（通常用不定式表目的的 状语）。
1)表时间状语
Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.
2)表原因状语
Being ill, he didn’t go to school. (=as he was ill, he didn’t go to school.) Being a student, you should study hard. (=Since you are a student, you should study hard.)
【课件】Unit+4+Discovering+Useful+Structures人教版必修第二册
A thousand-mile journey begins with the first step. ---Laozi
Objectives: In this unit, you will
Learn to use past participle as the attribute and object complement correctly
eg. There are few tigers left. It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out. 剩余的老虎不多了，是相关当局采取措施保护它们免遭灭 绝的时候了。
eg. He had his leg broken.他的腿断了。
3.过去分词用在表状态的动词的后面作宾语补足语。 如keep,leave等。
eg. He passed away, leaving his works unfinished. 他去世了，留下他的著作还未完成。
eg. Don’t keep your mouth shut when I ask you a question. 当我问你问题时不要闭口不语。
→The girl, ___b_r_o_u_g_h_t_u_p__b_y_h_e_r_u_n_c_l_e_, has begun to work now.
注意：有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也可放 在所修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的)，missed（失踪的， 缺少的），given(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。
[我的发现]: 例句1为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放 于被修饰名词的前__面__；例句2、3中过去分词短语作定语， 常常放于被修饰名词的 后面。
人教版必修第二册Unit4 Discovering Useful Structures 语法精讲
Discovering Useful Structures: Express feelings and describe situations
【版本：人教 册别：必修二】
Ⅰ The past participle contents Ⅱ Language points
III Homework
Ⅰ The Past Participle
Read the pictures below and try to make up a complete story according to your understanding.
Appreciate the story, read it with your emotion and pay attention to the colored words.
单个的过去分词用作定语通常置于其所修饰的名词之 __前___;过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰 的名词之__后__，作___后__置__定__语___。
Observe the sentences and find the rules of the past participle.
1. She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree decorated very beautifully.
The next day, people saw the girl frozen to death. What a poor girl!
Observe the sentences and find the rules of the past participle.
The lighted candles were burning brightly … … there were lots of burnt left. … saw a Christmas tree decorated very beautifully.
人教版必修三Unit 4 Discovering useful structures 课件
Replace the italicized parts by using infinitives or “in P42 2
order to /so as to + do”.
1 In 2003 Yuri Malenchenko became the first person who got married in space. → In 2003 Yuri Malenchenko became the first person to get married in space.
老师给我们留了很多题要解答。 动宾关系
③ I have a wish to go to college.
我有一个上大学的愿望。
同位关系
2. 不定式作定语时与被修饰词存在逻辑上的 关系。
1. 当被the first, the last, the only等词以 及形容词最高级修饰时常用不定式作后 置定语。
__to__f_ix__ (fix) a Chinese flag on the outside of
the spaceship. He is the first Chinese astronaut
_t_o__m__a_k_e_ (make) spacewalk. Is “to make” the attributive or adverbial?
•
They make vehicles to carry to find o(aust tahtetrisbeuctrievtes) of the
bu(arnasivvaeedrpvseeeor.bpilael)into
space
• For example, America's NASA space agency
Unit4Discoveringusefulstrutures课件-高中英语人教版
(2)现在分词作结果状语强调的是一种顺承的, 必然造成的结果。 His father passed away, leaving him a little money.
(3)不定式作目的状语可转换为 so that / in order that 或 so. . . that . . . 引 导的目的状语从句。 He worked very hard to pass the exam. →He worked so hard that he could pass the exam. →He worked hard so that/in order that he could pass the exam. 他非常努力以便能通过考试。
动词不定式用作定语
4. 当名词与定语之间存在动宾关系时。 I usually have a lot of meetings to attend. 我通常有很多会议要参加。 She is a nice person to work with. 她是一个很好的合作伙伴。
5. 当名词与定语之间存在主谓关系时。 We must find a person to do the job. 我们必须找到一个人来做这项工作。 We need someone to go and get a doctor. 我们需要有人去请医生。
二、动词不定式用作状语
2. 原因状语, 多见于“sb. +be+adj. +to do. . . ”结构句中。 I was very sad to hear the news. 听到这个消息我很难过。
Unit 4 Discovering useful structures (教案)-高中英语人教版
Unit 4 Discovering useful structures教学设计教学目标1. 感受语言，分析和比较-ed和-ing做表语和状语的区别并总结语言规律2. 掌握并熟练运用-ed和-ing做表语和状语在具体语境中的用法教学过程Step 1(1)What is –ing/-ed form used as?【设计意图】：通过感受文本中的-ed和-ing做表语的句子，使学生对-ed 和-ing做表语有基本的感受。
【设计意图】：让学生自主探究-ed和-ing形式做表语的用法，感受-ed做表语时，表示“某人感到…”, -ing做表语时，表示“某物是令人…”之意。
【设计意图】：比较-ed 和-ing 形式做表语的用法并能熟练运用。
【设计意图】：通过感受文本中的-ed 和-ing 做表状语的句子，使学生对-ed 和-ing 做状语有基本的感受。
【设计意图】：让学生自主探究-ed 和-ing 做状语的区别，做状语时与其逻辑主语间是被动的关系, -ing 做状语时，与其逻辑主语间是主动的关系。
(1)Butchart Gardens was transformed from a quarry. It has now become a famous destination for travelers.(2) If you compare Quebec City with other cities in Canada, it seems more likea charming European village.(2)They did not know where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang, so they went to the Tourist Information Center.(3)When they heard that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canada’s most scenic drive, they made West Vancouver their first destination.【设计意图】：比较-ed和-ing形式做状语，感受到-ed做状语时，与其逻辑主语间是被动的关系, -ing做状语时，与其逻辑主语间是主动的关系并能熟练运用。
Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures精品课件
4. whose在从句中作定语，指人或物。 1) This is the boy whose composition the
teacher talked of. 2) This is the book whose cover is blue.
Summary
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以 互换，但在下列情况下, 一般用that而 不用which。 1. 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定 代词时。
sister.
(宾语)
Summary
2. which在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。
1) They planted the trees which didn’t need
much water. (主语)
2) The fish which we bought were not fresh.
(宾语)
3. who, whom在从句中分别作主语和宾语 （口语中who也可作宾语）。 1)The foreigner who visited our school
EXAMPLE A: What’s the rescue worker doing ? B: She’s feeding the baby who survived the earthquake.
3) The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything _th_a_t_ they could find. 第二天，人们在户外用他们能找到的任何东西搭 起了庇护所。
2019新人教高中英语必修一Unit4Discovering Useful Structures教案
2019新人教高中英语必修一Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures教案Teaching aims:1.Enable students to identify restrictive relative clauses and explore the structures and the pragmatic function of restrictive relative clauses.2.Sum up the usage of relative pronouns.e restrictive relative clauses to describe pictures of disasters.Teaching key points:1.Guide students to understand the function of restrictive relative clauses in enriching the content of sentences, describing the characteristics of things and supplementing information.2.Enlighten students to use restrictive relative clauses to describe natural disasters vividly.Teaching difficult points:How to choose suitable relative pronouns to express themselves.Step I Lead-inLet students read a few sentences and appreciate the restrictive relative clause by answering the function of it.“On coming back a few days afterwards,I found they had christened him‘Heathcliff’:it was the name of a son who died in childhood,and it has served him ever since,both for Christian and surname.”Suggested answers:①the origin of the name ①the influence on his personality ①to imply his destiny（设计意图本句摘自《呼啸山庄》第四章，通过限制性定语从句描写希斯克利夫这个名字的由来，初步体会限制性定语从句的语言作用和功能，激起学生学习的兴趣。
Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures(教学课件)-高中英语人教版
2．作介词的宾语。 在下面的短语中，常用v.-ing形式作介词的宾语： be good at擅长；dream of梦想；care about在乎；be concerned about担忧，关切； be interested in对……感兴趣； feel like想要；insist on坚持；think of想到；aim at 目标是；set about开始；be used to习惯于；get down to开始做；lead to导致； devote oneself to献身于…… ；look forward to期待；stick to坚持；pay attention to注意 object to反对； be fond of喜欢等。
(4) 下列四个动词need/want/require/deserve后接动名词形式，以主动形式
表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。
need/want/require/deserve doing=need/want/require/deserve to be done
The flower needs watering/to be watered. 这朵花需要浇水了。
单句语法填空
1. The argument is __c_o_n_v_in_c_in_g___(convince). 2. One of his bad habits is _s_m__o_k_in_g__(smoke) while having dinner. 3. The movie we saw last night was so __m_o_v_in_g___(move) that I was _m__o_v_e_d__
Unit 4 Body Language
Discovering Useful Structures —The -ing form as the object and the predicative
【课件】Unit4 Discovering Useful Structures 人教版必修第三册
Observe and analyze
3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree. → ___…__s_o__th_a_t_y_o_u__co_u_l_d_g_e_t_a__re_l_a_te_d__c_o_ll_e_g_e_d_e_g_r_ee_._________
(attribute)
Summarize the uses of infinitives.
… work hard to find answers …
… carry brave people into space to find out the secrets …
… launched Voyager 1 … to study deep space … … sent Chang’e 4 to explore the surface … … launched … Tianzhou 1 to dock with it.
infinitives as adverbials to express purposes
… being sent to the moon to study its surface …
… be healthy and calm in order to work in space.
Summarize the uses of infinitives.
in 2003.
(attribute)
Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese
Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures 讲练课件
Master asked Wu Kong to go to his room this evening and said “The matter to be discussed this night is very important.”
5. The best way _to__im__p_r_o_v_e_(improve) your English is to join an English club．
6. Carol was happy that she had the chance _t_o_e_x_p_e_r_i_e_n_ce (experience) the life in the city．
Exercise：
1.Women and children were the first __t_o_g_o___ (go) into the lifeboats.
2. The ability _t_o_e_x_p_r_e_s_s__ (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.
Structure: 名词/代词+ to do
Monkey said ,” I have something to say. I want to be your student, Master.”
当修辞词为something, anything, nothing 等不定代 词时，用to do 做后置定语。
sage. Structure: to do sth, 句子. 句子 to do sth .
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Unit 4History and TraditionsPeriod 4Discovering Useful Structures学习目标1.To identify the past participle and explore the functions of the past participle as the object complement and the attribute.2.To sum up the usage and the functions of the past participle as the object complement and the attribute.3.To use the past participle to express feelings and describe situations.课堂探究Part ⅠLead-inLook at some pictures and appreciate the past participle by answering the functions of it.1.a broken vase2.an injured player3.a bridge built in 19374.make themselves heard1. 2. 3. 4.Part ⅡMaster the usage of the past participle as the attribute and the object complement.Activity 1Find and underline the past participles in the sentences below.What function do the past participles have?Answer the questions below.1.Most people just use the shortened name:“the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.2.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence.3.They had castles built all around England,and made changes to the legal system.小结:shortened在句1中位置在名词,known as 在句2中位置在名词。
1、2句中分词和分词短语都用来修饰,作定语;句子3中名词castles 是had的宾语,所以built 是对名词castles进行补充说明,作。
结论:Activity 2Practice:Identify the function of the past participle in each sentence.(1)The new product finally passed the required test.(2)It is a house built by the Romans.(3)He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.(4)Unfortunately he had his leg broken yesterday.Activity 3Appreciate more examples and discuss in groups to summarize the usage of the past participle as the attribute.Past Participles as thePast Participles as the Attribute(2)Attribute(1)tired visitors visitors 1.of the long waita well-organised trip a trip 2.well by my workplace续表Past Participles as thePast Participles as the Attribute(2)Attribute(1)beautifully dressedstars 3.beautifully at the eventstars小结:过去分词短语作定语时位于被修饰词,即;而单个过去分词作定语一般在被修饰词的,过去分词作定语时和被修饰词之间呈关系。
Activity 4Read each sentence and underline the -ed form as the object complement.1.Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square,where we could get our car battery charged.2.When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides,we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.3.We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.4.Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Goghs Sunflowers.It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.5.She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely.小结:过去分词作宾语补足语时,过去分词和宾语的关系是。
Part ⅢPracticeActivity 1(Workbook P81)Complete the conversations with the past participles of the verbs as the attribute or the object complement.(1)A:What do you think of the weather?B:It drives me crazy sometimes!The continuous heavy rain had me at home last week.(2)A:Do you like that new TV series?B:Yes,it really has me.(3)A:Whats your travel plan for this weekend?B:Im so interested in the plays by Shakespeare that Im going to Stratford-upon-Avon this weekend.(4)A:Why do you like this park so much?B:We like to look for the birds in the trees.(5)A:What was the decision on?B:There wasnt enough money to start the project.(6)A:Excuse me.Is there a problem?B:Yes.Im trying to use the Wi-Fi,but I cant get .Activity 2(Workbook P81)Read and complete the passage about Annie and the royal ball by translating the words in brackets into English.Annie was (兴奋的)to find her name on the list of people (邀请)to the royal ball at Windsor Castle.She took out a dress (做)long ago for this special day.She turned around and around,enjoying her look in the mirror.The next day at the ball,she really found herself well (接待).She danced with a few polite young men (介绍)to her.All in all,she found Windsor Castle to be a place which would never leave anyone (感到无聊).Activity 3(Workbook P42)Rewrite the sentences with past participles as the attribute,and then see whether you can write a little story with them.(1)Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape,which made it look amazing.(2)Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.(3)The familys ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War.(4)The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness.They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars,which were positioned on the hill.核心素养专练Read and complete the passage about travelling in Paris with the past participles of the verbs as the attribute or the object complement.end advance preserve spend impressI still remember my time 1.travelling in Pairs.Almost everything there left me2..I was surprised to find old buildings such as the Palace of Versailles and the Louvre Museum quite well3..At the same time,many futuristic buildings with4.high-tech facilities could be found all over.I felt it a pity to have my trip5.so soon.参考答案课堂探究Part Ⅰ1.作定语2.作定语3.作定语4.作宾语补足语Part ⅡActivity 11.Most people just use the shortened name:“the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.(as the attribute)2.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence.(as the attribute)3.They had castles built all around England,and made changes to the legal system.(as the object complement) 小结:前面;后面;名词;宾语补足语。