作文常用逻辑关联词

1 •表递进，强调
besides）：除了，此外，而且（句首常用，句中，句尾均可）
e.g. The house was out of our price range and too big anyway. Besides, I'd grown
fond of our li卄le rented house.（反正这个房子超出了我们的预算范围，而且也太大了。

再说，我已经渐渐卑欢上我们租的小房子了）
You get to sample lots of baked things and take home masses of cookies besides/你可以品尝许多烘烤食品，此外还能带许多饼干回家）
11hink she has many good qualities besides being very beautiful.（我觉得她除了非
常漂亮之外，还有许多好的品质）
kdditionally|：另外（句首常用）
e.g. All teachers are qualified to teach their native language. Additionally, we
select our teachers for their engaging personalities.（所有教0帀都具备教授其母
语的资格。

另外，我们还根据富有魅力的个性来选择我们的教师）furthermore：此外，而且（句首常用）
e.g.Furthermore, they claim that any such interference is completely ineffective.
（此外，他们声称任何此类干涉都是完全无效的）
moreover：此外，而且（句首常用，较正式）
e.g. She saw that there was indeed a man immediately behind her. Moreover, he
was observing her strangely.（她看到的确有个男人紧跟在她身后。

而FI,他还在怪异地观
察着她）
in particular：尤其，特别（句首，中，尾均可）
e.g. In particular,计is struggling to find a growth strategy that will enthuse
disgruntled shareholders.
Mid-sized companies in particular have added lots of new jobs to fulfill
industrial orders.
hbove all|：尤其，首先（常放句首）
e.g.Above all, he is a good administrator in picking able assistants and laborers. （更
重要的是他还是一个优秀的行政管理人员，善于挑选能干的助手和劳动力）
2.表时间先后
prior to：在…之前（放在名词或名词性短语前）
e.g. Hopefully an inter-laboratory standards program will be established prior to
further studies.（在进一步研究之前，可望建立起实验室之间的标准规划）previously:先前地，之前
e.g. Guyana's railways were previously owned by private companies.（圭亚那的铁路先
前为私营公司所拥有）
He had first entered the House 12 years previously.（他12年前首次进入了众议
院）formerly!：在过去，以前，从前
e.g. He had formerly been in the navy.（他以前在海军服役）
presently：目前（也可单独放句首）e.g. She is presently developing a number of projects.（她冃前在开发好几个项冃）
for the time being|：目前，暂时，眼下（单词简单又凑字数，最好记到）
e.g. For the time being, we will have to use this tool.（就目前来说，我们将不得利用这
一工具）
Comrade Yang will be in charge of that work for the time being.（杨同志将暂时负责那项工作）
simoul伽eously：同时地
e.g. Simultaneously, brilliant and daring sabotage operations were carried out by
Greek agents against Axis shipping in the Piraeus.（同时，在比雷埃夫斯，希腊地下工作人员进行岀色而英勇的怠工行动来阻挠轴心国的航运）
occasionally：偶尔地，有时
e.g. He could occasionally look at her.（他可以时不时地看她一眼）Occasionally we have
come up with some moneymaking ideas.（我们冇时还出一些嫌钱的点子）
in the meantime］：与此同时，在此期间e.g.In the meantime we pressed on w汁h the airlift. （■此同时，我们加紧进行空运）
meanwhile：同时
e.g. You needn't worry; I'll be ready to greet them. Meanwhile, I'm off to discuss
the Fowler's party w汁h Felix.（你不用担心；我会做好准备迎接他们的。

在此期间，我会去和费利克斯商量在福勒家聚会的事情）
pfterwards：后来，然后
e.g. We redeemed the neglect afterwards.（后来我们补偿了这个疏忽）Afterwards she
goes to the butcher's and asks for some dog-meat.（然后，女也又到肉铺去耍点儿狗吃的肉）
since theri|：从那以后e.g. He has been studying hard since then.（从那以后，他学习--直很努力）Since then z the industry has never looked back.（从此以后工业便不断的进步）thereafter!：之后，以后
e.g. The salary was ten dollars for the first week and twelve thereafter.（薪水是第
一个星期十元，以后十二元）
Thereafter he turned into a tiredless advocate of negotiations.（从止匕以后,他
变成一个不屈不挠地鼓吹谈判的人）
later on：后来
e.g. I'm busy now but III do汁later on.（我现在很忙，这事我以后再做）Later on she
stopped leading a vicious life.（后來，她不再过堕落的生活了）
subsequently：随后，后来
e.g. Still he learnt something, by which he was to profit subsequently.（他仍然学至
U 了一些东西，他将来会从中得益的）
Subsequently, Thomson withdrew from the company at a substantial loss.（后
來，汤姆森退出该公司，损失惨重）
2.表对比
as opposed to|：与…相反
e.g. As opposed to gas-liquid systems, there is an irrterchange of gas bet ween
bubble and continuous phase in fluidized beds.（与气■液系统不同的是，在流化床中
气泡和连续相Z间有气体交换）
They are the basis of unconditional prophecies, as opposed to conditional scientific predictions.（它们是无条件预言的根据，而不是冇条件的科学预测）in corrtrast to：相比之下，与…相反
e.g.In contrast to their pessimism, I myself was feeling a remarkable euphoria. （与
他们的悲观情绪相反，我却感到异常欣快）
by contrast：相反，相比之下
e.g.By contrast, advocates of greater growth sometimes argue.（相反，赞成提高增长
速度的人有时不这样认为）
She seems prettier by contrast with her sister.（她打她妹妹相比似乎更美些）（be） contrary to|：与…相反
e.g.Contrary to what people think, I don't get dirty on the job.（完全与人们想像不一
样的是干这活并没有把我身上弄脏）
This is contrary to actual observation.（这种情况Ai实际观测恰恰相反）onthe contrary：（同上，通常放句首）by comparison
e.g. By comparison, trips by sea offer a great variety of civilized comforts.（相比
较而言，海上旅行可提供各种文明的舒适条件）
by/in comparison （with sb./sthj：同上conversely：反之，与此相反（较正式）
e.g.Conversely, to be genuinely open, a society must be maintained with a fair and
just rule of law along w汁h strict discipline.（和反的，一个克正开放的社会，必须要有
公平的法治与严格的纪律）
likewise!：同样地，也
e.g. Paul always finishes his work ・ you should do likewise.（保罗总是能完成他的工作,
你应该也-样）
Likewise, if you idle around doing nothing, your mind will become dull・（同样
地, 如果你游手好闲无所事事，那么你的心智就会变得很迟钝）
otherwise）：否则，另外，在其他方面
e.g. Make a note of the questions you want to ask; you will invariably forget some of
them otherwise.（把你想问的问题记下来；否则你准会忘记英中儿个）
lucky that I'm interested in school work, otherwise I'd go crazy.（幸好我对学校作业还感兴趣，不然会疯的）
Otherwise she was at the end of the road.（除此以外她也是山穷水尽了）
3 •表原因
hence（较正式）:因此（二for this reason）,此后
e.g. It is very late; hence you must go to bed.（时间已经很晚了,因此你必须睡觉去）owing to|：由于，因为，归功于，幸亏（后跟名词或名词性短语）
e.g. Owing to the help from his comrades, he has made rapid progress.（由于同志们
的帮助，他进步很快）
due to|：由于，因为（后跟名词或名词性短语）
e.g. Her success was in part due to luck.（她的成功一部分是由于运气）
in virtue of：由于，凭借
e.g. He claim a pension in virtue of his long illness.（由於长期生病，他屮请救助金）krise from/out of：由…引起，起因于
e.g. It is difficult to foresee the consequences that may arise from this action.（预
见这一行动可能产生的后果是困难的）
This problem arises out of our earlier decision.（这个问题是ill于我们早先的决定
而产生的）
on account of：由于，因为
e.g. On account of his extravagance he was plunged into heavy debt.（山于挥霍浪费,
他负债累累）
in view of：鉴于，考虑到，由于
e.g. In view of the present situation, we'll have to revise our original plan.（鉴于目
前的情况，我们不得不修改原来的计划）
In view of this, we'll start earlier.（考虑到这点，我们将提早开始）
I couldn't go to London in view of the train strike.（由于铁路罢工,我未能前往伦
敦）
5.表让步转折
for all this|：尽管如此（in spite of this）
e.g. For all this his anger it not turned away, but his hands stretched out still.（尽
管如此，他依114怒气冲冲伸出手来）
nonetheless/nevertheless：尽管，虽然regardless of/ irrespect of|：不管，无论
e.g. Everyone is welcome, regardless of age or sex.（欢迎大家，无论男女老幼一律欢迎）
The idea is a good one irrespective of who may have submitted it.（不论是谁提出
的，那是个好主意）
even so：即使这样
e.g. Here is not the most exciting of places, but even so I was having a good time
whereas］：然后，反之
e.g. You treat the mat ter lightly, whereas I myself was never more serious.
in any case|：无论如何，在任何情况下，不管怎样，总之
e.g.In any case, this was a matter for debate, not for war.（不管怎样，这是一个可以
争辩的问题，不是一个需耍用战争解决的问题）
6.其他
h case in point：一个很好的例子
e.g. The "green revolution'1 in agriculture is a case in point.
namely^ that is：即，那就是
e.g. The railroad connects two cities, namely, New York and Chicago.（铁路连接了两
个城市，即纽约与芝加哥）
be concerned w汁h：涉及，关系
e.g. He is not concerned with the d讦ficulties of the factory at all.（他对工厂的困
难毫不关心）
Chapter 16 will be concerned with interpretation and geological applications of
the data.（第十六章是关于资料的解释及地质应用）
|as/so far as …is concerned：...至于，就…而言
in essence![:本质上，其实，大体上
e.g. What is, in essence, the Jorda Effect?（从本质上说，究竞什么是乔丹效应）boil down to sth.：归结为…，意味着，结果是
e.g. Most of the crimes may boil down to a question of money.（大多数犯罪归结起来
可以说都是金钱问题）
by and large二in general二on the whole]：总体上as a rule：通常of the essence：极其重要的，关键的
e.g. Time will be of the essence during negotiations.（在谈判中时间是至关重要的）in 十his/that regard*在这/那点上with/in/having regard to|：关于，至于，就…而言，在…方面。