上海2023年八年级英语上册课时练习试卷带答案和解析

短文填空

Fill in the blanks according to the phonetic transcription.

Almost everyone today 【1】/ juːzɪz / electricity in one way or another. It is hard to imagine what life in our cities 【2】/ wʊd / be like without it. Electricity【3】/ laɪts / streets and buildings, and warms people and animals. It heats 【4】/fuːd / in cookers and cools it in refrigerators. It drives trains and works 【5】/ træfɪk / lights and lifts. It【6】/ ɔːlsəʊ / works the machines in factories that make all kinds of goods. Everyday wonders such as computers and televisions use electricity to 【7】/ brɪŋ / entertainment and news to millions of families. In villages and on farms, electrical machines 【8】/ mɪlk / the cows and chop their food.

【答案】

【1】uses

【2】would

【3】lights

【4】food

【5】traffic

【6】also

【7】bring

【8】milk

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。介绍了现在人都用电,如果我们没有电,我们的生活将会是困难的。文章对电的作用加以了具体说明。

【1】句意:如今,几乎每个人都以一种或者另外一种方式在使用电。everyone是复合不定代词作主语,其后的谓语动词用单数形式。故填uses。

【2】句意:很难想象,在我们的城市,没有电生活会是什么样子的。would是情态动词,和其后的be动词原形一起作谓语。故填would。【3】句意:电点亮了道路和建筑物,温暖了人和动物。

light可用作动词,意为“点亮”。electricity作主语,其后谓语动词用单数。故填lights。

【4】句意:它可以在厨具中加热食物,在冰箱里冷却食物。

food是不可数名词,意为“食物”。故填food。

【5】句意:它可以驱动火车,让交通灯和电梯工作。

traffic是名词,意为“交通”。traffic lights,意为“交通灯”。故填traffic。【6】句意:它也使工厂的机器工作,制造各种各类的商品。

also是副词,意为“也”。根据音标可知此空填also。故填also。【7】句意:每天神奇的东西,例如电脑和电视机使用电给数百万家庭带来娱乐和新闻消息。

to do不定式表目的,to后接动词原形。故填bring。

【8】句意:在农村或者在农场,电力机械可以给奶牛挤奶,并且能够切碎食物。

electrical machines作主语,是复数形式,milk作谓语动词。故填milk。

单选题

My mother can hardly ride her bicycle to work, __________?

A.can she

B.can’t she

C.isn’t she

D.does she

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:我妈妈几乎不骑自行车去上班,是吗?

考查反意疑问句。当反义疑问句陈述部分出现no, nothing, nobody, never, hardly, seldom等否定含义的词时,反意疑问部分用肯定形式。当陈述部分出现情态动词can时,反义疑问部分也要用can。本题中陈述部分出现否定词can hardly,my mother是第三人称单数,用she 表示,故答案是can she。故选A。

单选题

I'm old enough to wash clothes by myself.You can just wash .

A.my,your

B.mine,yours

C.my,yours

D.your,my

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:我已经够大了,能够自己洗衣服。你只要洗你的衣服。

考查代词的用法。my我的,形容词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词;your你的,形容词性物主代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词。第一空后有名词,所以应该用形容词性物主代词,故排除B;第二空后没有名词,所以应该用名词性物主代词。故排除AD。故选C。

单选题

Almost everyone today uses electricity in one way or _________

A.another

B.others

C.other

D.the other

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:今天几乎每个人都以一种方式或另一种方式使用电。

考查不定代词。A. another泛指同类事物中三者或三者以上中“另一个”,只能代替或修饰单数可数名词;B. others代词,相当于other+名词复数,指剩余的另一些,并非全部;C. other:其他的,形容词,泛指;D. the other 形容词或代词,特指两个或两部分中的另一个

或另一部分,可接单数或者复数名词,表示两个中“一个……另一个……”,常用结构式为:one...the other...。in one way or another以某种方式,无论如何;in one way or the other 是“在这一方面或另一方面”;结合句意可知选A。

单选题

Can you think __________ an example to show that we change electricity into different forms of energy?

A.of

B.about

C.over

D.through

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:你能想出来一个表明我们把电变成不同形式能量的例子吗?

考查介词辨析。think of想出,打算,考虑;think about考虑,研究,思考;think over深思熟虑;当think of表示想出的解释时不与think about 互换。本题中think of an example意为“想出个例子”。故选A。

单选题

You get a bill __________ water, gas, electricity every month.

A.for

B.on

C.with

D.about

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:每月你都会收到水,气和电费账单。

考查介词搭配。for为换取;on关于;with和;about关于。get a bill for sth.意为“得到一张……的账单”。故选A。

单选题

‘Has __________ ever seen electricity?’ Ben asked his Dad.

A.somebody

B.anybody

C.nobody

D.no one

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:本问爸爸:“有人见过电吗?”

考查复合不定代词。somebody意为“某人”通常用于肯定句中;anybody意为“某人”通常用于否定句和一般疑问句中;nobody意为“没人”是否定词,no one等同于nobody。本句是一般疑问句用anybody,意为“有人见过电吗?”。故选B。

Water changes __________ ice when it is very cold.

A.into

B.in

C.for

D.to

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:当天气很冷的时候,水会变成冰。

考查介词词义辨析。into成为;in在……;for为了;to给,到。根据句意“水会变成冰” change into意为“变成”。故选A。

单选题

Dad bought me a __________ of sweets as the prize.

A.pack

B.pocket

C.packet

D.pockets

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:爸爸给我买了一包糖作为奖励。

考查名词辨析。pack包装;pocket口袋;packet小袋子;pockets口袋,名词复数形式。词组a packet of sweets意为“一包糖”。故选C。

You must not drink coffee __________ tea in the evening if you want to sleep well.

A.or

B.and

C.as well

D.as well as

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:如果你想睡得好,在晚上你绝对不能喝咖啡和茶。

考查并列连词。并列结构中and用于肯定句,or通常用于否定句表示“和,与”,as well as用作连词,连接两个并列的同等成分,通常用于肯定句,as well意为“也,还”相当于too,通常用于肯定句句末,本题是否定句。故选A。

单选题

If you make friends with more people, you will not feel __________.

A.worried

B.alone

C.happy

D.lonely

【答案】D

【解析】

句意:如果你与更多的人交朋友,你不会感觉孤单。

考查形容词词义辨析。worried担心的,担忧的;alone独自,单独;表示客观的,表示一人,没有其他人陪伴;happy意为高兴;lonely

孤独,表示感情色彩的,心里感觉是孤独的,寂寞的。feel意为“感觉”是系动词,后跟形容词作表语。根据句意,lonely符合题意。故选D。

单选题

We must not __________ more lights than we need.

A.turn on

B.turn off

C.put on

D.put off

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:我们绝对不能打开超出我们所需要的灯。

考查动词短语。turn on打开;turn off关掉,切断;put on穿上;put off推迟,拖延。根据句意,我们不能开太多的灯。故选A。

单选题

Do you know __________ Daisy’s family talked about yesterday evening?

A.why

B.how

C.what

D.when

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:你知道Daisy的家人昨天晚上谈论的什么吗?

考查宾语从句的连接词。Why为什么;how怎样;what什么;when 什么时候。wh-特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句为特殊疑问句,本题中缺少talk about的宾语,所以用代词what来充当。故选C。

单选题

Can you tell me which wire __________ the computer with the printer? A.connects B.connected C.is connected D.connect

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:你能告诉我哪根线是连接电脑和打印机的吗?

考查谓语动词形式。wire是单数名词,由题意可知需使用一般现在时,其后谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式。排除B和D。connect sth. with sth.意为“把某物与某物连接”,根据题意,主谓之间是主动关系。故选A。

单选题

There is going to __________ a concert tomorrow afternoon.

A.be

B.have

C.is

D.has

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:明天下午会有一场音乐会。

考查there be句型。根据题目中时间状语“tomorrow afternoon”,可知事情发生在将来。there be句型的将来时结构是there is going to be或there will be。故选A。

单选题

The woman __________ any washing when the lights __________ out. A.wasn’t doing, was going B.wasn’t doing, went

C.didn’t do, was going

D.didn’t do, went

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:当灯熄灭的时候,这个妇女没有洗任何衣服。

考查动词时态。when引导的时间状语从句,用来表示过去某个时间正在发生的动作,需要用过去进行时,本题中do是延续性动词,go out 是瞬间动词,所以第一空用过去进行时,第二空用过去时。故选B。

单选题

We _______ keep the new traffic law and learn how to protect ourselves.

A. may

B. should

C. can

D. need

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我们应该遵守新的交通法规,学会保护自己。A. may 可以;B. should应该;C. can能,可以;D. need需要。建议对方做某事一般用情态动词should,故答案为B。

单选题

After running a long way, I have no __________to play football.

A.electricity

B.cables

C.servant

D.energy

【答案】D

【解析】

句意:跑了很长一段路后,我没有精力踢足球。

考查名词词义辨析。electricity电;cable电缆;servant仆人;energy 能量,精力,活力。根据题意表示“没有精力踢足球”。故选D。

上海2023年八年级英语上册课时练习试卷带答案和解析

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上海八年级英语2022年上册课时练习试卷带解析及答案

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