自然拼读法(Phonics)

自然拼读法（Phonics），是指看到一个单词，就可以根据26个英文字母在单词里的发音规律把单词读出来的一种方法，即从“字母发音→字母组合发音→单词→简单句子→整段句子”逐步学习，让孩子轻松掌握“自然拼读”法，培养孩子正确的英语语感，打好英语学习的基础。

(一)二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds).

(1) 其中五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)发两种音, 其中一个音是其字母本身的读音.

(2) y有时会被作为元音处理

单音节词, y在末尾, y发”I”的音: my, why, fly, sky

多音节词, y在末尾, y发”E”的音: daddy, mommy, baby

(二)单元音单词拼读 (Consonant-Vowel-Consonant Combinations) 如：Sam, cat,

mat, 等等．

(1) Beginning Consonants

(2) Ending Consonants

(3) One Vowel Word, Short Vowel Sounds

(三)双元音单词拼读(Two Vowel Words):

一个单词里有两个元音时，前边一个元音发字母音,后边一个元音不发音．

如：make, mail, may, hay, say, see, sea, five, tie, road, toe, cute

等等．

(四)双/三辅音在一起时的联读 (Consonant Blends)

(1)Beginning consonant blends (bl, br, cl, cr, dr, fl, fr, gl, fr, pl, pr,

sc, sk, sl, sm, sn, sp, st, sw, tr, tw, scr, spl, str)

(2)Ending consonant blends

(ft, lf, lm, lp, lt, mp, nd, nk, nt, pt, sk, st)

(3) Words ending in ll, ss, ff

(4) Consonant digraphs (ch, tch, sh, th, wh, shr, squ, thr)

(五)特殊读法(1) - 固定读音的单词(Sight Word):

the, a, is, to, have, are, hey, love 等.

(六)特殊读法(2) –带元音的特殊读法(Irregular Vowels)

一个音节如只有一个元音, 且以此元音结尾，这个元音发字母音 (vowel at the end)．如：baby, me, hi, go, humor 等等

air (hair), al, all (all, tall, mall, hall), alk (talk, walk), alt (halt, salt), ar (car, far), are (hare), au, augh (caught), aw (hawk)

ew (new), eigh (eight, weight), ed (stopped, added)

er (sister, brother), ir (girl, fir, firm), ur (burn, hurt), or(horn), ie (field), ing, ind (behind), ild (mild, wild), igh (high, night, might), ire

oi (oil, boil), old (old, cold), olt, oo (book), oo (tool, school), or (or, horn),

ost (most, host), ou (could), ough (cough, through, ought, slough, plough), ould (would, could), oy (boy), ought, , ous (famous),

ow (读音一：cow, now, how, bow；) (读音二：bow, snow),

ue (cruel), ui (fluid)

tion (attention), sion (expression),ending sounds : ang, ong, ung, edge, le

(七)特殊读法(3) –辅音的特殊读法

有一些辅音不发音 (silent consonants)．如：ghost, comb, lamb, write 等

"c" 和 "k" 在一起时，发一个音: quick, black等.

"q" 总是和"u"在一起：quite, quick, quit, quilt等.

"p"和 "h"在一起, 发"f"的音: phone, photo.

复数s及末尾s的读音(Plural s and the sounds of ending s)

c和g 的两种读音:

如果i(或y)或者 e 跟在c或者g的后边, c发”s”的音, g发”j”的音:center, cigar, gem, giant, gym

其他情况下, c, g 发其字母音: can, clap, cup, great, glad.

(八)多音节单词和复合词 (Words with multiple syllables and compound words)

多音节单词: believe, multiple, syllable, compound

复合词: homework, highway