法律英语考试复习资料

Lesson one1、a cause of action案由2、social norms 社会标准3、substantive law实体法4、procedural law程序法5、resolve disputes解决纠纷6、provide for规定7、be entitled to 有权······8、law of contracts合同法9、private law私法10、public law公法11、constitution law宪法12、administration law行政法13、criminal law刑法14、the law of torts 侵权法15、the civil law system大陆法体系16、the common law普通法17、the operation of the judicial processes司法程序的运作18、the United States Congress美国国会19、judge-made law判例法20、judicial decision 司法决定Lesson twomulti-state transactions 多重性choice of law 法律的选择substantive rights实体权利conflicts of law 法律冲突choice of forum 法院的选择courts of limited jurisdiction 有限管辖权法院courts of general jurisdiction 一般管辖权法院trial courts初审法院inferior court低级法院superior court 高级法院supreme court最高法院circuit court 巡回法院district court区法院appellate court上诉法院intermediate appellate court中级宪法at the discretion of 由······自由裁量court of limited subject matter jurisdiction 有限对事管辖权法院the amount in controversy争议数额diversity jurisdiction多元管辖federal question联邦问题the United States Courts of Appeals美国上诉法院the Court of Appeals for the district of ······特区上诉法院the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit联邦巡回法院the Supreme Court of the United States联邦最高法院original jurisdiction初审管辖权Lesson threejudicial process司法程序serve our purpose达到我们的目的regulatory and enabling legislation 规范性和授权性法规the adversary system抗辩制trial procedure 审判程序the inquisitorial system纠问制regulatory legislation规范性法规direct and cross examination直接质证、间接质证procedural safeguards程序保障due process正当程序on his own case 证明自己的立场impartial investigation 不偏不倚的调查resort to law诉诸法律resort to force诉诸武力turn on 取决于，依赖Lesson fourlegal relief 法律救济arbitration仲裁jurisdiction over the person of the defendant对被告的人身管辖权courts of original jurisdiction初审管辖权法院minimum contacts最低限度的联系be filed with 把······登记备案service of process送达give notice to通知service by publication公告送达a motion to dismiss驳回动议pleading-in-answer 答辩状sue对······提起诉讼redress纠正，补救summons传票affirmative defense积极抗辩counter-claim反诉on one’s part(on the part of )就某人而言，在某人一方；某人有责任的under penalty of （违者）以·······惩治in essence实质上default judgment缺席判决Lesson fivepre-trial discoveryquestion sb under oath经宣誓后质问某人lay a basis for为····打基础written interrogatories 质询书the interrogatory party 质询方discovery devices 取证方法compulsory physical examination 强制体检person injury case 人身伤害案discovery procedures 取证程序discovery requests 取证要求the violating party 违反的一方a pretrial conference 审前会议summary judgment 即决判决the opposing party 对方at the pleading stage 起诉答辩阶段decide the case in the mover’s favor of 作出有利于动议方的判决legitimate function 合法功能a fact of life 无法回避的事实interrogatory questions 质询的问题set the case for trial 将案件提交庭审depose 宣誓作证；选时候录取····的证词legitimate合法的Lesson sixthe Seventh Amendment to the Constitution 宪法第七修正案impanel the jury 组成陪审团challenge for cause 相对异议peremptory challenges 绝地异议opening statement 公开声明发言directed verdict 指令性裁决find in his favor 作出有利于他的立场判决non-moving party 非动议方charge the jury 给陪审团上课final argument 最后陈述general information 一般知识the burden of proof 举证责任a preponderance of the evidence 优势证据general verdict 一般裁决special verdict 特殊裁决legal effect 法律后果a nonunanimous verdict 不一致的裁决post-trial motions 审后动议judgment notwithstanding the verdict 推翻陪审团裁决的判决Lesson sevenrender a judgment on default 作出缺席判决a writ of execution 执行令judgment creditor 判决债权人judgment debtor判决债务人garnishment 扣押dispose of 把····处理掉attachment 财产保全exempt from····使····免于，使····不受set aside 撤回，驳回judicial proceedings 司法程序a writ of certiorari 调取卷宗令reverse the judgment 推翻原判written briefs 书面摘要affirm the judgment 维持原判modify the judgment 改判written opinion 书面意见书concurring and dissenting opinion 同意意见和反对意见set forth 陈述，阐明res judicata已决案件Lesson eightstand trial 出庭受审no crime without a law 法无明文规定不为罪due process 正当司法程序deprive sb of 剥夺某人的····double jeopardy 一事不再罚a summary arrest 即行逮捕pursuant to 遵循indictment 控告，公诉书grand jury 大陪审团booking 入册an appearance 出庭a preliminary hearing 预审information （公诉人的）控告，检察官的起诉书arraignment （对被告的）传讯nolo contendere 不争辩，不提异议plead guilty （对控告）表示服罪，承认有罪plea bargaining 认罪辩诉协议narcotics cases 毒品案件on probation 在缓刑期内，在监外执行期内suspended sentence 缓刑conviction 定罪，确认有罪。