初中英语形容词和副词讲解

初中英语形容词和副词讲解

一形容词

（一）用来描写或修饰名词或代词

（二）形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。

1. 做定语。e.g. This is an old house.

2. 做表语。e.g. I am sorry to hear that.

3. 做宾语不足语。e.g. She made her mother angry.

4. 形容词在句中的位置。

形容词做定语修饰名词时复合不定代词时要放在复合不定代词之后。

e.g. She is a clever girl.

I saw something white in the water.

形容词修饰带有表量度的词或者词组时定语后置。

e.g. The bridge is one hundred meters long .

5. 某些形容词前加上定冠词the,可以代表一类人或东西

做主语时当复数看待。e.g. The old are well looked after. We all love the beautiful.

二副词

（一）用来修饰动词。

（二）

1. 作状语。e.g. They work hard .(副词修饰动词

They are quite right .

He park the car very easily .

Unfortunately,he was out.

2.作定语时间副词和地点副词可

e.g. The students here are all from Hubei.

3.作表语。e.g. What is on this evening?(今晚上演什么节目。

4.作宾语补足语。e.g. Don't let him in.

副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类

1) 时间副词

时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有：now today, tomorrow, yesterday

before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always等。例如：

What are we going to do tomorrow? He is never been to Beijing.

2)地点副词

地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有：here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off, on, in, out等。例如：

I met an old friend of mine on my way home.

He went upstairs.

Put down your name here.

3)方式副词

方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的?”这类问题的，其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly构成的, 有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly, 它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有：anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide 等。例如：

The old man walked home slowly.

Please listen to the teacher carefully.

The birds are flying high.He runs very fast.

4) 程度副词

程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有：much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly等。

例如：Her pronunciation is very good.

She sings quite well.

I can hardly agree with you.

5) 疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有：how, when, where,

why等。

例如：How are you getting along with your studies?Where were you yesterday?Why did you do that?

（三）副词在句中的位置

1) 多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。

例如：Mr Smith works very hard.

She speaks English well.

2) 频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。

例如：He usually gets up early.

I’ve never heard him singing.

She is seldom ill.

4)程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面, 但enough作副词用时，通常放

在被修饰词的后面。

例如：It is a rather difficult job.

He runs very fast.

He didn’t work hard enough.

5)副词作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之后。

例如：On my way home,

I met my uncle.

The students there have a lot time to do their own research work.

（四）部分常用副词的用法

1) very, much这两个副词都可表示“很”，但用法不同。

Very 用来修饰形容词和副词的原级，而much用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。

例如：She is a very nice girlI’m feeling much better no w.

Much 可以修饰动词，而very则不能。

例如：I don’t like the idea much.

They did not talk much.