张培基英译现代散文选2
张培基英译散文《古城》
张培基英译散文《古城》原文短小精悍，生动简洁，在景物的描述中蕴含着作者感情，而这些，在翻译时，都是要通过词汇和句式表示出来的。
接下来，小编给大家准备了张培基英译散文《古城》,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
张培基英译散文《古城》古城The Ancient City肖乾Xiao Qian| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》初冬的天，灰黯而且低垂，简直把人压得吁不出一口气。
前天一场雪还给居民一些明朗，但雪后的景象可不堪了!峭寒的北风将屋檐瓦角的雪屑一起卷到空中，舞过一个圈子以后都极善选择地向路人脖颈里钻。
街道为恶作剧的阳光弄成泥淖，残雪上面画着片片践踏的痕迹。
It was early winter. The gloomy and low sky made one feel suffocating. A fall of snow a couple of days before had before had brought to the city dwellers a touch of brightness, but now what an ugly scene reigned! The raw wind sent the snow on the tiles along the eaves whirling in the air in tiny bits and adroitly making its way down the necks of the pedestrians by way of their collars. The streets had become slushy by exposure to the prankish sun, and the thawing snow was dotted with traces of footsteps.要点：1,” 初冬的天，灰黯而且低垂，简直把人压得吁不出一口气”译时分为两句，It was early winter. The gloomy and low sky made one feel suffocating.简洁恰当，是翻译时常用的手法。
【辉哥审校】张培基：英译中国现代散文选 第二篇
张培基：英译中国现代散文选第二篇老师叮咛：人脑有三种运作状态：【1.“浅思考”状态】刷微博、刷淘宝、刷抖音时，就是“浅思考”状态，消耗能量少，获得的快乐也少，偶尔会有惊喜感，但更多是“无意义”感。
【2.“深思考”状态】当你真正专注于看书学习，或者运用已学会的知识真正专注于做题的时候，可以进入这种状态（有人称之为“心流状态”，英文叫“flow”），这种状态消耗能量较大，但会获得酣畅淋漓的思考体验，真的可以忘我、忘物、忘时，巨爽无比。
需要说明的是，这种状态需要真正专注进入，否则依然是“浅思考”——很多人一生没有进入过“深思考”状态，于是看书时“视而不见”、听课时“听而不闻”、生活中“食而不知其味”，白白过一生。
【3.“零思考”状态】放空自己或者深度冥想时可以进入这种状态（英语中的trance大体是这样一种状态），在这种状态下，大脑只消耗很少的能量，但是可以获得良好的修复和升级，让你不知不觉间解决旧的问题、获得新的灵感，而且可以享受当下美好的体验。
很多成功人士之所以成功，是因为他们善于运用自己的大脑，让大脑工作时就进入“深思考”状态，放松时就进入“零思考”状态，避免“浅思考”状态。
而普通人之所以普通，就是因为他们允许大脑永远只做“浅思考”。
下文经过了全网首席高考英语名师李辉老师团队高度认真的整理、审核、校对，无错、可信！可供全国各省高中生打印、学习、背诵！【原文】螃蟹鲁迅老螃蟹觉得不安了，觉得全身太硬了(1)，自己知道要蜕壳(2)了。
他跑来跑去的寻。
他想寻一个窟穴，躲了身子，将石子堵了穴口，隐隐的蜕壳。
他知道外面蜕壳(3)是危险的。
身子还软(4)，要被别的螃蟹吃去的。
这并非空害怕，他实在亲眼见过。
他慌慌张张的走。
旁边的螃蟹(5)问他说：“老兄，你何以这般慌？”他说：“我要蜕壳了。
”“就在这里蜕不是很好么？我还要帮你呢。
”“那可太怕人了。
”“你不怕窟穴里的别的东西，却怕我们同种么？”“我不是怕同种。
”“那是怕什么呢？”“就怕你要吃掉我(6)。
张培基英译散文《书的抒情》
张培基英译散文《书的抒情》书的抒情的作家把自己写的书，送给亲友，献与读者，是最大的愉快。
接下来，小编给大家准备了张培基英译散文《书的抒情》,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
张培基英译散文《书的抒情》书的抒情Eulogizing Books柯灵Ke Ling| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》说到书，我很动感情。
因为它给我带来温暖，我对它满怀感激。
I always think of books with profound feeling, being deeply indebted to them, as I am, for the warmth they have brought me.要点：1，题目“书的抒情“在此不宜直译，通过文章内容，我们可以将其理解为”书赞“译为Eulogizing Books或A Eulogy on Books,简译为On Bookes也是可以的，但缺乏感情色彩，不及前者贴切~ 2，“说到书，我很动感情”即“我对书有很深的感情”，故译为I always think of books with profound feeling3，“因为它给我带来温暖，我对它满怀感激。
“译为being deeply indebted to them, as I am, for the warmth they have brought me。
英汉差异的原因，英语中表示原因的句子通常后置(如果不是表特殊强调的话~)，这点在英译汉时尤为凸显综述：柯灵的散文一项讲究文字的优美洗脸，他的文章在文字上非常讲究，这点在文章的题目上就可以就看出，因此我们在翻译时，在选词和理解上要尤为注意书是我的恩师。
贫穷剥夺了我童年的幸福，把我关在学校大门的外面，是书本敞开它宽厚的胸脯，接纳了我，给我以慷慨的哺育。
没有书，就没有我的今天。
——也许我早就委身于沟壑。
Books are my beloved teachers. In my childhood, when I was deprived of happiness and schooling by poverty, books took me to their large bosoms and nurtured me generously. It is to them that I owe what I am today. Without them, I would probably have ended up in abject misery long ago.要点：1，”贫穷剥夺了我童年的幸福，把我关在学校大门的外面，是书本敞开它宽厚的胸脯，接纳了我，给我以慷慨的哺育”注意本句在合译时，，将“贫穷剥夺了我童年的幸福，把我关在学校大门的外面”译为时间状语从句，取“书本”作主语，这种译法很巧妙地将分句意思串联在了一起，也值得我们学习和借鉴2，“剥夺了我童年的幸福，把我关在学校大门的外面”译者将其视为一个意思，即“剥夺了我童年的幸福和受教育的机会”，进行合译，译为was deprived of happiness and schooling by poverty 3，“沟壑”本指“溪谷”山沟，常引申指“野死之处”，因此本句意为“死无葬身之处”，译为would probably have ended up in abject misery，意思是“结局悲惨”综述：可以借鉴本段的合译技巧~句中出现时间状语，可将时间状语单独拿出来独立作一分句~书是我的良友。
张培基英译散文《故乡的雨》
张培基英译散文《故乡的雨》故乡的雨这篇散文我们大家应该都有看过吧!那么英译版本的呢?接下来，小编给大家准备了张培基英译散文《故乡的雨》,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
张培基英译散文《故乡的雨》故乡的雨Rain in My Old Home唐弢Tang Tao| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》江南的春天素称多雨，一落就是七八天。
住在上海的人们，平日既感不到雨的需要，一旦下雨，天气是那么阴沉，谁也耐不住闷在狭小的家里;可是跑到外面，没有山，没有湖，也没有经雨的嫩绿的叶子，一切都不及晴天好;有时阔人的汽车从你的身旁驰过，还带一身泥污回来。
Spring in the south is known to be rainy. During this season, it never rains there but it remains wet for seven or eight days on end. Dwellers in Shanghai, who usually do not feel the need for rain, will be bored with having to confine themselves in their close quarters when outside it is gloomy with rain. While in the open, seeing no mountains, nor lakes, nor rain-drenched soft green leaves, you’ll find nothing comparable to a fine day. Sometimes, worse still, a rich man’s car flashing past may splash you all over with mud.要点：1，“一落就是七八天”译为it never rains there but it remains wet for seven or eight days on end.，相当于 it never rains there without remaining wet for seven or eight days on end,其中wet 作rainy,on end 意为continuously,或at a time.英语常用never but+主语+动词，表达“未有…而不…”之意(双重否定表肯定~~)，也可译为”总是“如He never comes but he brings something for the children.他哪次来都要给孩子们带些东西。
《英译中国现代散文选》(二)中否定句的英译技巧赏析
《英译中国现代散文选》(二)中否定句的英译技巧赏析
洪滢
【期刊名称】《海外英语》
【年(卷),期】2021()24
【摘要】张培基是中国著名翻译家,其译著《英译中国现代散文选》是中国译界非常有影响力的作品。
论文以《英译中国现代散文选》(二)中的否定句翻译为研究对象,结合目的论的目的性、连贯性和忠实性三原则,赏析张培基在否定句英译技巧,发现可处理为忠实对照的显性否定句,结构简单、富有内涵的隐性否定句或是转换逻辑,反译为肯定句。
同时认为目的论对散文英译研究有一定的指导性和适用性。
【总页数】2页(P44-45)
【关键词】《英译中国现代散文选》(二);否定句;英译技巧
【作者】洪滢
【作者单位】宁波大学科学技术学院
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】H315.9
【相关文献】
1.论张培基《英译中国现代散文选》中的音美翻译技巧
2.评价理论视角下中国现代散文英译——基于《英译中国现代散文选》（三）的研究
3.翻译转换理论视觉下中国现代散文的英译文鉴析——基于《英译中国现代散文选》的研究
4.一词一句
中见汉籍英译中再创作的魅力——以张培基《英译中国现代散文选》为例5.从词的语境意义看中国现代散文英译——以《英译中国现代散文选(二)》的译文为例
因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
张培基英译散文《海上日出》
张培基英译散文《海上日出》本文简约而不简单，不论是原文还是译文，写得都是极美极美的注意译者在选词，结构，意境等各方面对于“美”体现。
接下来，小编给大家准备了张培基英译散文《海上日出》,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
张培基英译散文《海上日出》巴金Ba Jin| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》为了看日出，我常常早起。
那时天还没有大亮，周围非常清静，船上只有机器的响声。
I would often get up early to watch the sunrise when it was not yet quite lightand all was quiet except for the droning of the ship engine.要点：本段重点在于合译，译者增用了when, and, except for几个连接词，把汉语表达的意思串联了起来,表达的逻辑之美由此而生。
天空还是一片浅蓝，颜色很浅。
转眼间天边出现了一道红霞，慢慢地在扩大它的范围，加强它的亮光。
我知道太阳要从天边升起来了，便不转眼地望着那里。
The sky was pale with a bluish hue. Soon a streak of pink dawn broke over the horizon，expanding gradually and becoming brighter and brighter. Knowing that the sun was about to rise, I had my eyes fixed on the distant edge of the sea.要点：1，“还没有大亮”=be not quite light，在《看月》中，有个“没有‘断黑’”= is not yet quite dark，“大亮”“断黑”都是程度副词+形容词的结构，通常用quiet+adj结构2，“机器的响声”译为the droning of the ship engine.。
张培基散文佳作108篇
第一部分汉译英1. 丑石(An Ugly Stone)2. 匆匆(Rush)3. 冬夜(Winter Night)4. 互助(Helping Each Other)5. 黄昏(Dusk)6. 盼头(Something to Look Forward to)7. 媲美(Beauty)8. 枪口(The Muzzles)9. 鸲鹆(The Story of a Myna)10. 铜镜(The Bronze Mirror) 11. 学校(The College) 12. 野草(Wild Grass) 13. 种梨(Planting a Pear Tree)14. 哀互生(Mourning for Husheng) 15. 落花生(The Peanut) 16. 盲演员(A Blind Actor) 17. “孺子马” (An”Obedient Horse”)18. 小麻雀(A Little Sparrow) 19. 雄辩症(A Case of Eloquence) 20. 大钱饺子(A Good-luck Dumpling)21. 荷塘月色(Moonlight over the Lotus Pond) 22. 黄龙奇观(A View of Huangllong)23. 枯叶蝴蝶(Lappet Butterfies) 24. 泡菜坛子(A pickle Pot) 25. 田水哗啦(The Irrigation Water Came Gurgling)26. 我若为王(If I Be King) 27. 西式幽默(Western Humour) 28. 项脊轩志(Xiangjixuan)29. 夜间来客(A Night Visitor——A True Story about a ”Celebrity”Being Interviewed)30. 珍禽血雉(China‘s Native Pheasant)31. 常胜的歌手(A Singer Who Always Wins)32. 健忘的画眉(The Forgetful Song Thrush) 33. 可爱的南京(Nanjing the Beloved City)34. 鲁迅先生记(In Memory of Mr.Lu Xun) 35. 苗族龙船节(The Miao Drangon-Boat Festival) 36. 秋天的怀念(Fond Memories of You) 37. 献你一束花(A Bouquet of Flowers for you)38. 鸭巢围的夜(A Night at Mallard-Nest Village) 39. 玫瑰色的月亮(The Rosy Moon)40. 内画壶《百子图》(Snuff Bottles with Pictures Inside) 41. 维护团结的人(A Man Upholding Unity)42. 我有一个志愿(I Have a Dream) 43. 运动员的情操(Sportsmen‘s Values)44. 神话世界九寨沟(Jiuzhaigou,China‘s Fairyland)45. 生命的三分之一(One Third of Our Lifetime)46. 我可能是天津人(I Might Have Come from Tianjin) 47. 五台名刹画沧桑(The famous Monastery Witnesses Vicissitudes)48. 爱梦想的羞怯女孩(A Shy Dreamer) 49. 永久的憧憬和追求(My Lnging and yearning) 50. 老人和他的三个儿子(The Old Man and his three sons) 51. 乐山龙舟会多姿多彩(dragon-Boat Festival at Leshan)52. 撷自那片芳洲的清供(An Offering from his Sweet homeland) 53. 三峡多奇景妙笔夺开工(The Scenic Three Gorges Captured )54. 初中国旅游可到哪些地方(Tips on Traveling to China the First Time)第二部分英译汉1. A Ball to Roll Around(滚球)2. A Boupquet for Miss Benson(送给卞老师的一束花)3. A Boy and His Father Become Partners(父子伙伴情)4. A Gift of Dreams(梦寐以求的礼物)5. A Hard Day in the Kitchen(厨房里的一场闹刷)6. A Nation of Hypochondriacs(一个疑病症患者的国度)7. Are Books an Endangered Species? (书籍是即将灭绝的物种吗?) 8. A Sailor‘s Christmas Gift(一个海员的圣诞礼物)9. A Tale of Two Smut Merchants(两上淫秽照片商的故事) 10. A Visit with the Folks(探访故亲) 11. Canadian Eskimo Lithographs(加拿大爱斯基摩人的石版画) 12. Divorce and Kids(离婚与孩子)13. Doug Heir(杜格·埃厄) 14. Fame(声誉) 15. Felicia‘s Journey(费利西娅的旅行)16. Genius Sacrificed for failure(为育庸才损英才) 17. Glories of the Storm(辉煌壮丽的暴风雨) 18. Han Suyin‘s China(韩素音笔下的中国) 19. Hate(仇恨) 20. How Should One Read a Book? (怎样读书?)21. In Praie of the Humble Comma(小小逗号赞) 22. Integrity——From A Mother in Mannville(正直)23. In the Pursuit of a Haunting and Timeless Truth(追寻一段永世难忘的史实)24. Killer on Wings is Under Threat(飞翔的杀手正受到威胁) 25. Life in a Violin Case(琴匣子中的生趣)26. Love Is Not like Merchandise(爱情不是商品) 27. Luck(好运气) 28. Mayhew(生活的道路)29. My Averae Uncle(艾默大叔——一个普通人) 30. My Father‘s Music(我父亲的音乐) 31. My Mother‘s Gift (母亲的礼物)32. New Light Buld Offers Energy Efficiency(新型灯泡提高能效) 33. Of Studies(谈读书)34. On Leadership(论领导) 35. On Cottages in General(农舍概述) 36. Over the Hill(开小差) 37. Promise of Bluebirds(蓝知更鸟的希望) 38. Stories on a Headboard(床头板上故事多)39. Sunday(星期天) 40. The Blanket(一条毛毯) 41. The Colour of the Sky(天空的色彩) 42. The date Father Didn‘t Keep(父亲失约) 43. The Kiss(吻) 44. The Letter(家书)45. The Little Boat That Sailed through Time(悠悠岁月小船情) 46. The Living Seas(富有生命的海洋)47. The Roots of My Ambition(我的自强之源) 48. The song of the River(河之歌)49. They Wanted Him Everywhere——Herbert von Karajan(1908-1989) (哪儿都要他)50. Three Great Puffy Rolls(三个又大双暄的面包圈) 51. Trust(信任)52. Why measure Life in Hearbeats? (何必以心跳定生死？) 53. Why the bones Break(骨折缘何而起)54. Why Women Live Longer than Men(为什么女人经男人活得长)丑石贾平凹我常常遗憾我家门前的那块丑石呢：它黑黝黝地卧在那里，牛似的模样；谁也不知道是什么时候留在这里的.谁也不去理会它。
散文中英汉连词对比及汉译英处理方法张培基《英译中国现代散文选》评析
代散文选》评析
目录
01 一、英汉连词对比
03 三、张培基《英译中 国现代散文选》评析
02 二、汉译英处理方法 04 参考内容
散文中英汉连词对比及汉译英处理方法——以张培基《英译中国现代散文选》 为例
散文是一种自由、灵活的文学形式，常用于表达思想、情感和描绘生活。在 散文中，连词的使用对于表达文意和情感起到至关重要的作用。本次演示将通过 对比英汉连词的特点、作用及应用场景，并分析张培基先生在英译中国现代散文 选中的处理方法，探讨其翻译策略和技巧。
总的来说，张培基教授的《英译中国现代散文选》是一本展现了中国现代散 文之美的英文译本。通过学习他的翻译风格和技巧，我们可以更好地理解和欣赏 中国现代散文的魅力，同时也为我们的翻译实践提供了宝贵的指导。
引言
散文翻译是将一种语言的散文作品转化为另一种语言的过程，其重要性不言 而喻。由于中英文的语言结构和文化背景存在巨大差异，因此散文翻译的难度较 高。本次演示旨在探讨跨句法在散文翻译中的应用，并通过评析张培基教授的 《英译中国现代散文选》来进一步阐述这一主题。
在情感方面，张教授准确地捕捉到了原文中的情感基调，并通过细腻的笔触 将这种情感传递给读者，使读者能够感受到原文的深刻内涵。
结论
通过以上分析，我们可以得出跨句法在散文翻译中具有重要意义。在翻译过 程中，运用跨句法可以有效解决中英文的语言差异问题，使译文更符合目的语的 表达习惯，有助于读者更好地理解和欣赏原文。张培基教授的《英译中国现代散 文选》充分展现了跨句法在散文翻译中的实际应用效果，为今后的散文翻译研究 提供了有益的参考。
一、英汉连词对比
1、主要特点及区别
英语连词主要分为并列连词和从属连词，如and、but、or以及that、which、 who等。它们在句子中起到连接词与词、句与句的作用，丰富句子的层次结构和 表达方式。而汉语连词则主要包括关联词和副词，如“和”、“可是”、“而 且”、“也”等，其连接作用较为直观，通常表示并列、转折、递进等关系。
张培基英译散文赏析
张培基英译散文赏析雨前Praying For Rainfall何其芳He Qifang| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》中文：我怀想着故乡的雷声和雨声。
那隆隆的有力的搏击，从山谷返响到山谷，仿佛春之芽就从冻土里震动，惊醒，而怒茁出来。
细草样柔的雨丝又以温存之手抚摸它，使它簇生油绿的枝叶而开出红色的花。
这些怀想如乡愁一样萦绕得使我忧郁了。
我心里的气候也和这北方大陆一样缺少雨量，一滴温柔的泪在我枯涩的眼里，如迟疑在这阴沉的天空里的雨点，久不落下。
英文：I can never forget the thunderstorm we often had in my home town. Over there, whenever the rumble of thunder reverberated across the valley, the buds of spring would seem to sprout freelyafter being disturbed and roused up from their slumber in the frozen soil. Then tenderly stroked by the soft hands of fine rain, they would putforth bright green leaves and pink flowers. Itmakes me nostalgic and melancholy to think about the old times and my mind is as depressed as the vast expanse of North China is thirsty. A tear stands in my dull eye and, like the rainlingering in the murky sky, is slow to roll down.要点：1，“那隆隆的有力的搏击，从山谷返响到山谷，仿佛春之芽就从冻土里震动，惊醒，而怒茁出来。
不要抛弃学问张培基英译散文
不要抛弃学问张培基英译散文Never give up the pursuit of learningDear students of the graduating class,As you are leaving your alma mater, I have nothing to offer you as a gift except a word of advice. My advice is, “never give up the pursuit of learning.”Y ou have perhaps finished your college courses mostly for obtaining the diploma, or, in other words, out of sheer necessity. However, from now on, you are free to follow your own bent in the choice of studies. While you are in the prime of life, why not devote yourself to a special field of study? Y outh will soon be gone never to return. And it will be too late for you to go into scholarship when in your declining years. Knowledge will do you a good turn even as a means of subsistence. If you give up studies while holding a job, you will in a couple of years had yourself replaced by younger people. It will then be too late to remedy the situation by picking up studies again.Some people say, “on ce you have a job, you will come up against the urgent problem of making a living. How can you manage to find time to study? Even if you want to, will it be possible with no library or laboratory available.Now let me tell you this. Those who refuse to study for lack of a library will most probably continue to do so even there is a library. And those who refuse to do research for lack of a laboratory will most probably continue to do so even though a library is available. As long as you set up you mind on study, you will naturally cut down on food and clothing to buy books or do everything possible to acquire necessary instruments.Time is no object, charles Darwin could only work one houra day due to ill health. Y et what a remarkable man he was! If you spend one hour a day reading 10 passages of a book, you can finish more than 3,600 pages a year, and 110,000 pages in 30 years.Dear students, 110,000 pages will be quite enough to make a learned man of you. It will take you one hour to read three tabloids a day, and one and half hours to finish four rounds of mah-jong a day. Reading tabloids, playing mah-jong or striving to be a learned man, the choice lies with you. Henrik ibsen says, “it is your supreme duty to cast yourself into a useful implement”Learning is the casting mould. Forsake learning, and you will ruin yourself.Farewell! Y our alma mater is watching eagerly to see what will become of you ten years from now.1 to follow your own bent, 做自己爱做活感兴趣的事情2 to go into scholarship, 做学问3 knowledge will do you a good turn, 学问绝不会辜负人4 cut down on food and clothing, 撙衣节食（省吃俭用）5 time is no object, 至于时间，更不成问题。
【翻译】张培基现代散文精选翻译
不单是诗人，就是被关闭在牢狱里的囚犯，萧索的感触来的，不但是诗人，就是被关闭在牢狱里的囚犯，到了秋天，Not only poets, even convicts in prison, I suppose, have deep sentiments in autumn in spite of themselves不由自主地In spite of oneself何尝有国别，更何尝有人种的阶级区别呢Autumn treats all humans alike,regardless of nationality, race or class.不过在中国，文字里有一个秋士的成语，读本里有着很普遍的欧阳子的秋声与苏东坡《赤壁赋》等，就觉得中国的文人和秋的关系特别深了However, judging from the Chinese idiom qiushi(autumn scholar, meaning an aged scholar grieving over frustration in his life) and the frequent selection in the textbooks of ouyangxiu’s on the autumn sough and Su Dongpo’s on the red cliff, Chinese men of letters seem to be particularly autumn-minded.可是这球的深味，尤其是中国的秋的深味，非要在北方，才感受到底But, to know the real flavor of autumn especially china’s autumn, one has to visit the North.南国之秋，当然有它的特异的地方的，比如二十四桥明月，钱塘江的秋潮，普托上的凉雾，荔枝湾的残荷等等Autumn in the south also has its unique feature such as the moon-lit Ershisi bridge in Yangzhou, the flowing sea tide at Qiantangjiang River, the mist-shrouded Putuo mountain and lotuses at the Lizhiwan Bay.可是色彩不浓，回味不永。
张培基散文英译
第一课艰难的国运与雄健的国民(汉、英)艰难的国运与雄健的国民李大钊历史的道路，不会是平坦的，有时走到艰难险阻的境界. 这是靠雄健的精神才能够冲过去的。
一条浩浩荡荡的长江大河，有时流到很宽阔的境界，平原无际，一泻万里。
有时流到很逼狭的境界，两岸丛山跌岭，绝壁断崖，江河流于其间，回环曲折，极其险峻。
民族生命的进展，其经历亦复如是。
人类在历史上的生活正如旅行一样。
旅途上的征人所经过的地方，有时是坦荡平原，有时是崎岖险路。
志与旅途的人，走到平坦的地方，因是高高兴兴的向前走，走到崎岖的境界，愈是奇趣横生，觉得在此奇绝壮绝的境界，愈能感到一种冒险的美趣。
中华民族现在所逢的史路，是一段崎岖险阻的道路。
再这一段道路上，是在亦有一种奇绝壮绝的境致，使我们经过此段道路的人，感得一种壮美的趣味。
但这种壮美的趣味，是非有雄健的精神的，不能够感觉到的。
我们的扬子江，黄河，可以代表我们的民族精神，扬子江以及黄河遇见沙漠，遇见山峡都是浩浩荡荡的往前流过去，以成其浊流滚滚，一泻万里的魄势。
目前的艰难境界，哪能阻抑我们民族生命的前进。
我们应该拿出雄健的精神，高唱着进行的曲调，在这悲壮的歌声中，走过这崎岖险阻的道路。
要知在艰难的国运中建造国家，亦是人生最有趣味的事......Nations Crisis VS Heroic NationThe course of history is never smooth. It is sometimes beset with difficulties and obstacles and nothing short of a heroic spirit can help surmount them.A mighty long river sometimes flows through a broad section with plains lying boundless on either side, its waters rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles. Sometimes it comes up against a narrow section flanked by high mountains and steep cliffs, winding through a course with many a perilous twist and turn. Anation, in the course of its development, fares likewise.The historical course of man's life is just like a journey. A traveler on a long journey passes through now a broad, level plain, now a rugged, hazardous road. While a determined traveler cheerfully continues his journey upon reaching a safe and smooth place, he finds it still more fascinating to come to a rugged place, the enormously magnificent spectacle of which, he feels, is better able to generate in him a wonderfulsensation of adventure.The Chinese nation is now contributed with a rugged and dangerous section of its historical course. Nevertheless, there is also in this section a spectacle of enormous magnificence that inspires in us passers-by a delightful sensation of splendor. And this delightful sensation, however, can only be shared by those with a heroic spirit.The Yangtse River and the Yellow River are both symbolic of our national spirit. The two mighty rivers negotiate deserts and gorges until their turbid torrents surge forward with irresistible force. The present national crisis can never obstruct the advance of our national life. Let us brace up our spirits and march through this rugged, dangerous road to the tune of our solemn, stirring songs. The greatest joy of life, mind you, is to build up our country during its most difficult days.第二课螃蟹（汉·英）螃蟹鲁迅老螃蟹觉得不安了，觉得全身太硬了，自己知道要蜕壳了。
张培基英译现代散文选2
张培基英译现代散文选2 1.Phrasal Expression & Wordsa blade of grassA chill in the airA constellation of fine arts异彩纷呈a grain of sanda later invention/practiceA propensity for …a red streak of dawn 一道红霞a string of cash 一吊钱a suckling baby 乳儿A tremulous voice 颤抖的声音A vast expanse of whiteAbandon oneself to…= be lost in…Absence of any feelingadd … in passing 顺便说道ajar 门半开All the more = moreAlley = alleywaysAmble alongamphitheaterAnti-Japanese Guerrilla Detachment 抗日游击队arrive on the sceneArtifice 诡计At an opportune moment 碰巧at long last 终于At one go = in one sittingAt one’s insistenceAt the suggestion of …awning 遮阳蓬base cowardice 卑怯bayonet 刺刀Be ablaze with… 通明be adequately fed and clad 丰衣足食be at loggerheads with… 与…斗争/不合be bereft of … = be deprived of…Be bogged down in a mire 陷入泥淖Be clad in…be confined to bed by sicknessbe daubed with… 散漫地涂有Be given to doing 习惯于be immensely overjoyed 欣喜假设狂Be of long standing 老资格Be on an equal footin g with… 与…平起平坐be on/at one’s heels 紧跟着Be ordained by fateBe overgrown with grassBe pleasant to the ear: 悦耳动听Be pregnant with meaningBe shrouded / veiled in… 笼罩在Be sloppy in thinkingBe subject to the law of natureBe thoroughly drenched / soakedBe uncalled for 不适宜begrudge doing = be unwilling to doBemoan the transience of youthBest serve for an answerblood debt(s) 血债Blot out 抹去Boundless expanseBring about a … moodBroad and liberal 胸径宽广bronchial tube 支气管Burst into fits of abuseBuzz with activity 活泼起来by and largecadence 抑扬顿挫Call forth tears = trigger tearscanine phobia 怕狗Canvass (for) support 游说以获得支持cessationChalk up… 用粉笔写下chant Buddhist scriptureChestnut: 栗树/子Chin up and chest out 抬头挺胸Choke with sobschorus of wild yellsClog 阻碍，木屐Cluck 咯咯叫Congenial response 共鸣consult sb on …Consummate = skillful = perfectCopious tears of joyCrestfallen = dejectedcringe = cowerDabble in water 戏水Damp down one’s passionday in and outdazzling brilliance 炫目/夺目的光芒Deadly dull 极其乏味Delicate features 纤细的面貌Denude trees of leavesdespotic 专制的detachment 小分队Diehard 顽固分子Din = hubbub: loud soundDine and wineDomineering 专横的Downy: fluffy + softDream away = dawdle awaydrool copiously 垂涎三尺Drudge 苦工，辛苦劳作drudgery 苦差Dwell one’s eyes on… 凝视dye… red 染红Eatery 餐饮店Ebony eyes/skin 黑眼睛/黝黑皮肤Edible bird’s nest 燕窝Enfeeble = weakenepithet 绰号Ethereal 超凡的，优雅的Failing = if withoutFalcon 鹰隼(sun)feel conscience-strickenFeel instantly refreshed 顿时神清气爽feel overawed 肃然起敬Fellow provincial 老乡firmament 苍穹get a good thrashingGet on in years 上年纪Get the worst of it 处于劣势Gild… 使…金子般发光give sb. the slip 把某人甩掉glazed tile 琉璃瓦gloss over 掩饰glower 怒视gobble up 狼吞虎咽Good wishes = blessing = auspicious remarkGood-for-nothing = lazybonesgosling 小鹅，没经验的年轻人grizzled feather 灰白的羽毛Hanker after 渴望Happen by mere coincidenceharbor/bear hatred/grudge/against…Haughty 傲慢的Have the audacity to do … 胆敢做Have… all to oneself 独占…Heartening = encouraginghearty thanksHigh aspiration / ambitionHoard for speculation 囤积居奇Hold sway 控制Homing / carrier pigeonhoodwink 欺骗I wouldn’t presume 岂敢immense joyImprint 印记In a dazein expectation of…in spite of oneself 不由自主in the /at dead of night 深夜In the face of the waning sunin the twinkling of an eye 瞬息之间Inhibition 拘谨Into the bargain 而且还…irk = irritateJet black: 乌黑发亮joss stick 香Keep sb at arm’s length 保持距离Kick sb. when he’s down 落井下石Knitted browLay… to rest 安葬，平息Limpid, insipidLinden tree 菩提树loll 懒洋洋地依靠luminous 发光的Lush greenery 草木青青Lush 茂盛的Make a bungle of… 弄错man of heroic mettle 有血性的人mandarin jacket 马夫Maxim 格言Megalomania 夸大狂Merit and demeritMerry-makingMope around 闷闷不乐地闲逛Motley: 混杂的Mulish=stubbornmurky 浑浊的，昏暗的Myopia 近视not a soul in sightOld fogey 老顽固On an empty stomach 空着肚子On end 连续，接连Oriole 黄鹂pallor 苍白脸色Pampered / spoilt childPauper = beggarperennial youthPersimmon: 柿子Piping: 尖叫声piteous 可怜的Plaintively = mournfullyplay the fugitive / pursuer 逃/追plumage 全身羽毛Plunge sb. into gloomPolish up 润色pound away 连续打击preen 刻意打扮present a view 立论Privation 贫困Propriety 行为/举止得体或恰当Prosaic 平凡的pure and simple 不折不扣，全然put … to shame 使…黯然失色Put forth buds: 抽芽Quail: 鹌鹑Railing 栏杆Rain pelted/poured downrain-drenched 雨湿的Rank weeks: 丛生的杂草recall … to one’s mindred orb 红日Relive the old daysremnant 遗留物reticence 缄默不语retracted lips 凹陷的嘴唇retrogression in history 历史的退步rickshaw boy/man 黄包车/人力车夫Roost 鸟类栖息处run amok 发狂sanguine = optimisticscamper over 蹦蹦跳跳Scamper: 小动物/孩快蹦scholarly dignity 书生气Second self = bosom friendset pen to paperShanghailandershut… out of viewshy awaySilver dollar 银元sit idle 空坐，空等skirt around 绕开Slipshod 懒散的，随便的smugly 沾沾自喜Social development / progresssolicitude 担忧somehow or other 不知怎的somersault 空翻Sparingly 慎用，节省speak volumes for … 充分说明Spick-and-span 干干净净spick-and-span 干净，清爽Spiritual barrennessSpongy fine sand 细软沙子Sprightly = energeticstage a demonstrationStalestand guardStand lost in reverieStand to do = be likely to doStandoffish 冷淡的status quoStatus quo现状Steer/keep/stay clear ofstem the tide of progressstirring = excitingStrands of silk 屡屡丝线Straw-ladenstretch far into the distance 伸向远处Strike / touch a (deep) chordStrike up a funeral hymn 奏挽歌swoop down 向下猛冲take … to one’s heels 溜掉T ame = docileT arry = lingerT auntingly = jokinglyThat’s a hard nut to crack.The clatter of mahjong tilesThe droning of machine 机器响声the endearing grandeur of nature The living presentThe rattle of sabres(军刀) Thump/throb with emotionTip sb. a wink 使眼色touch upon = make mention of …Touch/strike a chord Transience 短暂，易逝Treasure / cherish memorytreat me like dirtTremor: 小颤抖underdog 弱者Undeserved reputation 名不副实unflagging energy = energeticUnsheathe 出鞘uphold justiceusher in a new century 迎接新世纪Vent … on/onto…Verdant 翠绿色的Wait on sb伺候Waning sun 残阳Wax and waneWeigh heavily on one’s mind = bothersbwhisk sth. away/off 匆匆带走White fungus 银耳window pane 窗玻璃with gusto 兴致勃勃2.SentenceA creamy white ray streamed in.a large attendance of several thousandbe at the end of resources = exhaust all one’s wits/means/tricks 黔驴技穷Be emaciated and have a sallow face 面黄肌瘦be engraved / imprinted / etched / embedded on one’s mindBe exposed to the serenity of the elementsbe flogged by the scourge of life 受到鞭策Be next door to = stand next to = border onBe tucked away in the depth of memoryendure the torments of hunger 忍饥挨饿Ever lingering love for you despite our separation. 藕断丝连Give sb a sidelong glance over one’s glass esGlance at sb out of the corner of glassesIdentify oneself with broad mass of peopleLook earthward instead of skywardlord it over … = reign over… = resume domination over…Most apt / liable to slip away / slip through fingersMy heart palpitates with awe.Pass through life all but oncePlay ducks and drakes 水面掷石子比赛rise laboriously bit by bit 努力慢慢上升Susceptibility is always better than / preferable to insensibility. Through all lands and all eternity。
张培基散文二详解
《今》The Living Present我以为世间最可宝贵的就是“今”，最易丧失的也是“今”。
因为他最易丧失，所以更觉得他可以宝贵。
Of all things in the world, I think, the present is the most precious, and also the most apt to slip through our fingers. We, therefore, treasure it all the more because of its transience.1，《“今”》译为The Living Present,其中living 是增益成分，用以强化Present的含义。
19世纪美国诗人亨利•沃兹沃斯•朗费罗（之前我们也提到过这位仁兄）在A Psalm of Life中写道：Trust no future, howe'er pleasant!Let the dead Past bury its dead!Act,--act in the living present!Heart within, and God o'erhead!（别指望将来，不管它多可爱！把已逝的过去永久掩埋！行动吧－－趁着活生生的现在！心中有赤心，头上有真宰！）诗中，他用the dead past 表“过去”，用the living present表“现在”2，Of all things in the world，此处of 表“在…中”，这种用法之前讲到过，也举了很多例子，这里稍加注意即可~3，“最易丧失的”译为the most apt to slip through our fingers（最容易被人们错过的），也可译为the most easily lost,或the most liable to slip away。
4，all the more也是常见了，表“更加，愈发…”这些表程度的词或短语在散文中灰常常见，注意积累，化为己用~O(∩_∩)O综述：开篇我们就发现这篇文章在表述上偏古语化，因此翻译时一定要结合上文理解本质含义为甚么“今”最可宝贵呢？最好借哲人耶曼孙所说的话答这个疑问：“尔若爱千古，尔当爱现在。
英译散文张培基
英译散文张培基【篇一：英译散文张培基】生命life何为he wei| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》如果回归自然，各有不同的方式，后人总是尊重前人最后一次选择。
一位朋友偶然讲起一件事，有如一篇小小说，听者动容。
there are various ways of returning to nature, but people generally respect the last wish made by their parents towards their journey’s end. a friend of mine incidentally related to me the following occurrence which, like a little story, is very touching:要点：1，“前人最后一次选择”译者按”父母的临终愿望“之意译为the last wish made by their parents towards their journey’s end，其中one’s journey’s end意为“临终，生命的尽头”也可译为the last wish made by their parents towards the end of their lifejourney2, “一位朋友偶然讲起一件事”译为a friend of mine incidentally related to me the following occurrence，其中relate 意为“讲述”其同义词有recount，recourse, speak of，occurrence指“发生的事情”比thing更加高端啊有木有~3，“听者动容“即”令听者动容“或”令人动容“=touching在新开发的丛林里，一条蜿蜒的小径上，一个衣着素色的女人踽踽独行，径直走向林子里的一棵树。
这里许多树大小参差不一，有的移植不久，不过都长得很快。
张培基英译散文《海上日出》
张培基英译散文《海上日出》本文简约而不简单，不论是原文还是译文，写得都是极美极美的注意译者在选词，结构，意境等各方面对于“美”体现。
接下来，小编给大家准备了张培基英译散文《海上日出》,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
张培基英译散文《海上日出》巴金Ba Jin| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》为了看日出，我常常早起。
那时天还没有大亮，周围非常清静，船上只有机器的响声。
I would often get up early to watch the sunrise when it was not yet quite light and all was quiet except for the droning of the ship engine.要点：本段重点在于合译，译者增用了when, and, except for几个连接词，把汉语表达的意思串联了起来,表达的逻辑之美由此而生。
天空还是一片浅蓝，颜色很浅。
转眼间天边出现了一道红霞，慢慢地在扩大它的范围，加强它的亮光。
我知道太阳要从天边升起来了，便不转眼地望着那里。
The sky was pale with a bluish hue. Soon a streak of pink dawn broke over the horizon，expanding gradually and becoming brighter and brighter. Knowing that the sun was about to rise, I had my eyes fixed on the distant edge of the sea.要点：1，“还没有大亮”=be not quite light，在《看月》中，有个“没有‘断黑’”= is not yet quite dark，“大亮”“断黑”都是程度副词+形容词的结构，通常用quiet+adj结构2，“机器的响声”译为the droning of the ship engine.。
张培基英译散文《养成好习惯》
张培基英译散文《养成好习惯》大家平常有在看书吗?那么散文类型的书，你知道英译是什么样子的吗?接下来，小编给大家准备了张培基英译散文《养成好习惯》,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
张培基英译散文《养成好习惯》养成好习惯梁实秋Cultivating Good Habits Liang Shiqiu| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》人的天性大致是差不多的，但是在习惯方面却各有不同，习惯是慢慢养成的，在幼小的时候最容易养成，一旦养成之后，要想改变过来却还不很容易。
Men are about the same in human nature, but differ in habit. Habit is formed little by little, and most easily in one’s childhood. Once it is formed, it is difficult to break.例如说：清晨早起是一个好习惯，这也要从小时候养成，很多人从小就贪睡懒觉，一遇假日便要睡到日上三竿还高卧不起，平时也是不肯早起，往往蓬首垢面的就往学校跑，结果还是迟到，这样的人长大了之后也常是不知振作，多半不能有什么成就。
祖逖闻鸡起舞，那才是志士奋励的榜样。
For example, the good habit of early rising also starts from one’s early life. Many people, however, have been in the habit of sleeping late ever since they were kids. They won’t get up till late morning on holidays and even oversleep on work days. Children are often late for school though they make a rush even without washing up. Such children, when they grow up, will often lack drive and most probably get nowhere. The story of Zu Ti1 rising at cockcrow to practise swordplay should be a good example for all men of resolve to learn from.要点：1，“贪睡懒觉”译为sleeping late，如：Your headache comes from sleeping late.即，你的头疼是睡懒觉的结果.2，“一遇假日便要睡到日上三竿还高卧不起”直译的话会让外国人摸不着头脑，因此采取意译的方式译为They won’t get up till late morning on holidays3，“蓬头垢面”意即“没有洗漱和整理”，也是不宜直译的一个词，现按意思译为without washing up。
张培基英译散文《雾》
张培基英译散文《雾》来，今天我们就看看大神的英译散文，接下来，小编给大家准备了张培基英译散文《雾》,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
张培基英译散文《雾》《雾》Fog茅盾Mao Dun| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》雾遮没了正对着后窗的一带山峰。
The mountain peaks directly facing the back window of my room were veiled in fog.要点：1，本句采用被动语态，突出施动者，也给人一种画面感~2，将“雾”译为fog，而非mist，因为后者指的是“薄雾”，fog 指“雾，雾气”，smog指“烟雾”，haze则是指“雾霾”综述：“雾”的表达有好多种，要选择最适合的一种~我还不知道这些山峰叫什么名儿。
我来此的第一夜就看见那最高的一座山的顶巅像钻石装成的宝冕似的灯火。
那时我的房里还没有电灯，每晚上在暗中默坐，凝望这半空的一片光明，使我记起了儿时所读的童话。
实在的呢，这排列得很整齐的依稀分为三层的火球，衬着黑魆魆的山峰的背景，无论如何，是会引起非人间的缥缈的思想的。
The names of these mountain peaks are still unknown to me. The first night when I was there I had seen the top of the highest mountain shining with lights like a precious crown set with diamond. As there was no electric light in my room, all I could do in the evening was sit quietly in the dark and fix my eyes on the midair radiance, which reminded me of the fairy tales I had read in my childhood. Indeed, the orderly array of lights shining inthree indistinct tiers one above another against a background of dark mountain peaks could conjure up, without fail, visions of the ethereal.要点：1，“我还不知道这些山峰叫什么名儿”译为The names of these mountain peaks are still unknown to me.译者采用无灵主语，符合英文表达习惯，也避免了连续使用I 开头造成的句式上的重复。
张培基现代优美散文翻译精选整理分享
张培基现代优美散文翻译精选整理分享张培基现代优美散文翻译精选整理分享这使大多数坐轮船坐飞机的朋友办不到的This is something quite beyond the majority of those traveling by steamer and aircraft.决定了之后，有两个朋友特来劝阻，一位从李家托，一位从柏斌，不怕水程跋涉，为的是关爱我，瞧得起我。
After I have made up my mind, in spite of the difficult boat journey all the way from Lijia tuo and Baibin respectively, came to dissuade me from taking the wooden boat out of concern and respect for me.他们说了种种的理由，预想了种种可能的障害They enumerated various reasons against my decisions as well as possible mishaps.结末说，还是再考虑以下的好Advising me in the end to re-consider the matter我真感谢他们，当然不敢说不必再行考虑，I felt grateful to them, and of course refrained from showing any reluctance to reconsider the matter.只好半开玩笑的说，吉人天相，安慰他们激动的心情By way of allaying their anxiety, I said jokingly, “a good guy always enjoys Heaven?s protection”半开玩笑的说said jokingly现在，他们接到我安全到达汉口的消息，他们也真的安慰了Now, the subsequent news of safe arrival in Hankou have set their minds at rest安心安慰set their minds at rest不说我自己犯不着，人家也太费心了Neither is it necessary for me to go to all that trouble, nor should I bother other people for that matter.重庆路有那么难走Going around is hard in the city of Chongqing.公共汽车站排队往往等上一个半个钟头You will queue up for at least 30 minutes or more to get on a bus.天天为了票子去跑，实在吃不消It is really too much for me to go about for the ticket everyday.再说和自己暂时脱离关系，换上他人的身份，虽然人家不大爱惜名气我却不愿滥用那些名气。
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矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。
如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。
㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。
(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。
如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。
对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。
二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。
2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。
㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。
2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。
三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。
2、矿区矿产资源概况。
3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。
㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。
2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。