高中英语句子成分分析
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4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
（不定式）
5.Smoking does harm to the healt（h.动名词）
6.The rich should help the poor.
（名词化的形容词）
7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）
• There are 54 students in our class.(数词)
• Do you known Betty’s sister? (名词的所有格) • He bought some sleeping pills. (动名词) • There is a sleeping baby in bed.(现在分词)
(四)宾语补足语
• 宾语补足语: 位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明 的成分。
• I found the book interesting.形容词
• Do you hear Tom singing? 现在分词
• He made himself understood. 过去分词
• She asked me to lend her a hand动. 词不定式
8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.
（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）
㈡谓语
• 谓语: 简单谓语由动词或动词词组构成, 一般在主语之后。
• I saw the flag on the top of the
hill?
• He looked after two orphans.
句子的构成
句子成分
• 主语 subject • 谓语 predicate • 宾语 object • 表语 predicative • 宾补 complement • 定语 attribute • 状语 adverbial • 同位语 appositive
1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓↓ ↓
↓↓
↓
主谓 定 宾 同
状
语语 语 语 位
语
语
㈠主语
主语: 可以作主语的成分有名词, 主格代词,动词 不定式, 动名词等等。主语一般在句首。
• Jane is good at playing the piano.名词 • She went out in a hurry.主格代词 • Four plus four is eight.数词 • To see is to believe.动词不定式 • Smoking is bad for health.动名词 • The young should respect the old.t容he词+ 形 • What he has said is true句. 子
• Please make yourself at home. 介词短语
•
Please keep the dog out. 副词
•
We must keep it a secret.名词
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ (五)定语
• He is a clever boy. (形容词)
• They are building a stone bridge.(名词)
1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. （名词）
2.We often speak English in clas（s.代词）
3.One-third of the students in this class are girls（.数词）
• He gave me some books.
↓
↓
间接 直接
宾语 宾语
●Please pass me the book. ●He bought me some flowers.
• 下列动词只能接不定式做宾语
ask, agree, care, choose, demand, dare, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish, desire等，如：
• His spoken language is good. (过去分词)
•
I met a friend on my way home.
（三）宾语
宾语：动作的接受者，一般在谓语后 面
●I like my job. ●I love you. ●He wanted to leave here. ●They enjoyed playing computer games. ●He asked where he was.
• 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物,间接宾语指人.
He refused to lend me his bike.
• 下列动词只能接动名词做宾语
admit, avoid, advise, consider, enjoy, excuse, escape, finish, imagine, mind, practise, suggest 等，如：
John has admitted breaking the window .
• 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词;
• He can speak English well.
• She has finished the homework.
• 1. The sun rose. • 2. Who cares? • 3. What he said does not matter. • 4. They talked for half an hour. • 5. Who knows the answer? • 6. He has refused to help them. • 7. He enjoys reading. • 8. He said "Good morning."
（不定式）
5.Smoking does harm to the healt（h.动名词）
6.The rich should help the poor.
（名词化的形容词）
7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）
• There are 54 students in our class.(数词)
• Do you known Betty’s sister? (名词的所有格) • He bought some sleeping pills. (动名词) • There is a sleeping baby in bed.(现在分词)
(四)宾语补足语
• 宾语补足语: 位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明 的成分。
• I found the book interesting.形容词
• Do you hear Tom singing? 现在分词
• He made himself understood. 过去分词
• She asked me to lend her a hand动. 词不定式
8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.
（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）
㈡谓语
• 谓语: 简单谓语由动词或动词词组构成, 一般在主语之后。
• I saw the flag on the top of the
hill?
• He looked after two orphans.
句子的构成
句子成分
• 主语 subject • 谓语 predicate • 宾语 object • 表语 predicative • 宾补 complement • 定语 attribute • 状语 adverbial • 同位语 appositive
1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓↓ ↓
↓↓
↓
主谓 定 宾 同
状
语语 语 语 位
语
语
㈠主语
主语: 可以作主语的成分有名词, 主格代词,动词 不定式, 动名词等等。主语一般在句首。
• Jane is good at playing the piano.名词 • She went out in a hurry.主格代词 • Four plus four is eight.数词 • To see is to believe.动词不定式 • Smoking is bad for health.动名词 • The young should respect the old.t容he词+ 形 • What he has said is true句. 子
• Please make yourself at home. 介词短语
•
Please keep the dog out. 副词
•
We must keep it a secret.名词
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ (五)定语
• He is a clever boy. (形容词)
• They are building a stone bridge.(名词)
1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. （名词）
2.We often speak English in clas（s.代词）
3.One-third of the students in this class are girls（.数词）
• He gave me some books.
↓
↓
间接 直接
宾语 宾语
●Please pass me the book. ●He bought me some flowers.
• 下列动词只能接不定式做宾语
ask, agree, care, choose, demand, dare, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish, desire等，如：
• His spoken language is good. (过去分词)
•
I met a friend on my way home.
（三）宾语
宾语：动作的接受者，一般在谓语后 面
●I like my job. ●I love you. ●He wanted to leave here. ●They enjoyed playing computer games. ●He asked where he was.
• 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物,间接宾语指人.
He refused to lend me his bike.
• 下列动词只能接动名词做宾语
admit, avoid, advise, consider, enjoy, excuse, escape, finish, imagine, mind, practise, suggest 等，如：
John has admitted breaking the window .
• 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词;
• He can speak English well.
• She has finished the homework.
• 1. The sun rose. • 2. Who cares? • 3. What he said does not matter. • 4. They talked for half an hour. • 5. Who knows the answer? • 6. He has refused to help them. • 7. He enjoys reading. • 8. He said "Good morning."