Unit 12 翻译技巧--正反译法

IV. Double Negative for Emphasis 1. There is no rule that has no exception. 2. It never rains but it pours. 3. It is impossible but that a man will make some mistakes. 4. I am not reluctant to accept your proposal. 5. Its significance and importance can never be overemphasized.
正反、反正表达法阐述

正如前面，所讲每一种语言都有自己独特的否 定方式。由于英、汉语之间存在着很大差别， 在翻译时可以根据英、汉语各自的特点及其表 达习惯等，进行正反互译， 即英语从正面表达， 汉语可以从反面翻译；英语从反面表达， 汉语 可以从正面翻译， 从而使译文符合译语的表达 习惯、达到强调或修辞的目的或准确地表达出 原文的精神风貌。
VII．Negation According to Usage

As the saying goes, “Men only weep when deeply hurt.” These basic concepts must be kept in mind in our discussion. “Just to have a word with Wang. I won’t be long! ”




Don’t lose time in posting this letter. (短语) 赶快把这封信寄出去。 The examination left no doubt that the patient had died of cancer. (短语) 调查的结果清清楚楚说明病人死于癌症。 Students, with no exception, are to hand in their papers this afternoon. (短语) 今天下午学生统统要交书面作业。 Such fights couldn’t long escape notice. 这类飞行迟早要会被人发觉的。 She saw at once that Phil was not all right. 她马上看到菲尓出了毛病。
VIII．Negation for Emphasis or Rhetorical Effect

IX．Negation to Convey Exactly the Original Meaning

Put the following into Chinese, paying special attention to the hints given before each type of sentences.






The islanders found themselves far from ready to fight the war. (短语) 岛民发现自己远远没有做好作战准备。 We believe that the younger generation will prove worthy of our trust. (短语) 我们相信，年轻一代将不会辜负我们的信任。 When Philip missed the last bus, he was at a loss to know what to do. (短语) 菲利普误了最后一班公共汽车，茫然不知该怎么 办。 If it worked once, it can work twice. 一次得手，再次不愁。 My guess is as good as yours. 我的猜测并不比你的高明。


He knew he was mortally ill. 他知道他得的是不治之症。 （副词，肯定→形容词，译为否定句） Without reasoning one is apt to be beyond control. 没有理智容易变成不受约束。 （副词，肯定→动词，否定）
归纳起来，正反互译主要有以下一些情况：
Unit 12 Translation Techniques (7)
Conversion of affirmation and negation in translation
Teaching Contents:
1. 正反、反正表达法阐述 2. 英语从正面表达，译文从反面表达 3. 英语从反面表达，译文从正面表达
VI. Some Traps in Negative Structures 1. The engine didn’t stop because the fuel was finished. 2. You cannot be too careful in proofreading. 3. All that glitters in not gold. 4. All cities did not look like as they do today. 5. But you see, we both cannot go. 6. It is a long lane that has no end. 7. It is an ill wind that blows nobody good.
V．Roundabout Affirmative 1. He didn’t half like the girl. 2. I couldn’t feel better. 3. I couldn’t agree with you more. 4. He can’t see you quick enough.

一．英文从正面表达，译文从反面表达
This problem is above me. 这问题我不懂。（或：我解决不了）。 It was beyond his power to sign such a contract. 他无权签订这种合同。 The guerrillas would fight to death before they surrendered. 游击队员宁愿战斗到死，也决不投降。 I will not go unless I hear from him. 如果他不通知我，我就不去。
I. Affirmative in English, but Negative in Chinese 1. Time is what we want most, but what, alas, many use worst. (adv.) 时间是我们最缺少的，但可叹之至，偏偏许多人 最不善于利用。 2. They feel great anxiety about his sickness. ( n. ) 他们对他的病情感到焦虑不安。 3. The criminal is still at large. (phrase) 罪犯还未捉拿归案。
Put the following into Chinese, paying special attention to the hints given before each type of sentences.
I. Affirmative in English, but Negative in Chinese 1. Time is what we want most, but what, alas, many use worst. (adv.) 2. They feel great anxiety about his sickness. ( n. ) 3. The criminal is still at large. (phrase)




He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious. (形容词) 他这个人优柔寡断，而且总是反复无常。 All the articles are untouchable in the museum. (形容词) 博物馆内一切展品禁止触摸。 He manifested a strong dislike for his father’s business. (名词) 他对他的父亲的行业表示强烈的厌恶情绪。 I watched with disbelief as a number was put on my right forearm--- 82585. (名词) 当一个号码—82585刺在我右前臂时，我怀疑 地看着。



Excuse me. 对不起。 （原文从正面表达，译文从反面表达。） “Don’t stop working,” he said. 他说，“继续干活吧。” （反面表达→正面表达） He went into the insecure building.（反面表达） 他走进那所危楼。 （正面表达，有强调的作用） 他走进那所不安全的大楼。 （反面表达，语气不如上文强）
Negative Equivalents in Chinese
1. I’m new to the work. 2. He is free with his money. 3. He realized that he was in trouble. 4. The station is no distance at all. 5. It’s no less than a fraud. 6. The works of art were left intact, the money gone.
II．Negative in English, but Affirmative in Chinese He carelessly glanced through the note and got away. (adv.)
III．Same English Words, with Either Affirmative or
一．英文从正面表达，译文从反面表达
A: The boy is quite clever. B: Exactly. (副词) 甲：这孩子很聪明。 乙：一点不错。 It would be most disastrous if even a rumor of it were given. (形容词) 甚至只要有一点点风声漏出去，结果就不堪设想。 The explanation is pretty thin. (形容词) 这个解释是相当不充实的。 His refusal is not final. (形容词) 他的拒绝不是不可改变的。
二．英语从反面表达，译文从正面表达



The doubt was still unsolved after his repeated explanations. (动词) 虽经他一再解释，疑团仍然存在。 He carelessly glanced through the note and got away. (副词) 他马马虎虎地看了看那张便条就走了。 Many agreed that the Prime Minister had in effect resigned dishonorably. (副词) 许多人认为首相辞职实际上是很丢面子的。
II．Negative in English, but Affirmative in Chinese 1. He carelessly glanced through the note and got away. (adv.) 他马马虎虎地看了看那张便条就走了。 III．Same English Words, with Either Affirmative or Negative Equivalents in Chinese 1. I’m new to the work. 这工作我是生手。（这工作我不熟悉。） 2. He is free with his money. 他花钱大手大脚。（他花钱从不吝啬。） 3. He realized that he was in trouble. 他意识到遇到麻烦了。（他感到自己的处境不妙。）