城市园林的功能及兰州市园林树木品种和病虫害防疫措施研究

城市园林的功能及兰州市园林树木品种和病虫害防疫措施研究Study on the function of urban garden and the species of garden trees and the prevention measures of diseases and insect pests in Lanzhou

摘要

环境公害是人类共同面临的重大问题。如何有效改善城市环境质量；使城市的生态、社会和经济能够持续、稳定和和谐发展，己成为新世纪追求的目标。兰州市作为我国西部开发的重要城市，要立足在走在前列，必然要加快城市的建设步伐，增强城市的综合竞争力，在大力推进城市化的同时需要推进城市的生态化建设。

本文综合地运用多方面的理论知识，走访了兰州市政府部门和相关单位，以现场访问和座谈、以及发放表格调查等形式展开调研，调查兰州市生态园林城市建设的现状。对兰州市当前不同绿地类型的城市园林植物品种、应用现状进行调查分析，调研城市园林树木品种种类、应用现状和特征，以及调研园林植物病虫害发生情况，就防治措施等方面进行深入细致的探析，并且进行综合性的分析和总结。

经调查，兰州市城市园林各类绿地中应用的树种共计有木本树种161种。其中常绿乔木15种，落叶乔木75种；常绿灌木10种，落叶灌木61种；没有常绿藤本，落叶藤本13种。兰州市园林绿化木本植物指数为0.47，远远达不到城市园林绿化标准的指标要求。如何在丰富城市植物景观同时，维持本地木本植物指数，需要从加强乡土物种选育与外来物种监测2方面努力。

通过评价分析，依据有关理论和兰州市现状，确定常绿树种:落叶树种的比例≈1:6；乔木:灌木≈1.3:1；乡土树种：外来树种＝1.1:1。为兰州市政府和园林部门对生态园林城市建设的规划、植物品种合理布局、促进生态资源的重要因素合理配置，可持续地保护环境和生态，促进城市生态美感增强，城市品位提升，生态系统良好和稳定，为推进实现兰州市生态园林城市的可持续发展，为经济发展提供有利的保障，提供依据和参考。

关键词：生态视角；城市园林；树木品种；植保措施

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Abstract

Environmental pollution is a major problem that human beings are facing together. How to effectively improve the quality of urban environment and make the urban ecology, society and economy sustainable, stable and harmonious development has become the goal of the new century. Lanzhou City, as an important city in the development of Western China, should be in the forefront. It is necessary to speed up the pace of urban construction, enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of the city, and promote the urbanization while promoting the ecological construction of the city. A kind of In this paper, the comprehensive use of various theoretical knowledge, visited the Lanzhou municipal government departments and relevant units, in the form of on-site visits and symposiums, as well as the distribution of forms to investigate the current situation of the construction of Ecological Garden City in Lanzhou. This paper investigates and analyzes the varieties and application status of urban landscape plants of different green space types in Lanzhou City, investigates the varieties, application status and characteristics of urban landscape trees, and investigates the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests of landscape plants, and makes in-depth and detailed analysis on the prevention and control measures, and makes comprehensive analysis and summary.

According to the investigation, there are 161 species of woody trees used in all kinds of urban green space in Lanzhou. Among them, there are 15 species of evergreen trees, 75 species of deciduous trees, 10 species of evergreen shrubs, 61 species of deciduous shrubs, 13 species of deciduous lianas without evergreen lianas. The woody plant index of landscape in Lanzhou is 0.47, which is far from the standard of urban landscape. How to enrich the urban plant landscape and maintain the local woody plant index, we need to strengthen the local species selection and alien species monitoring.

Through the evaluation and analysis, according to the relevant theories and the current situation of Lanzhou City, the proportion of evergreen species: deciduous species ≈1:6; arbor: shrub ≈ 1.3:1; native species: alien species = 1.1:1. In order to promote the sustainable development of ecological garden city and economic development of Lanzhou City, it is necessary for the government and Garden Department of Lanzhou city to plan the construction of Ecological Garden City, reasonably arrange the plant varieties, reasonably allocate the important factors to promote the ecological resources, protect the environment and ecology sustainably, enhance the ecological aesthetic feeling of the city, upgrade the grade of the city, and maintain the good and stable ecosystem To provide favorable guarantee, basis and reference.

Key Words：Ecological Civilization; City Garden; Tree species;Plant protection measures

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