中考初中英语祈使句讲解及练习

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中考初中英语祈使句讲解及练习
初中英语――祈使句
一、概念：
祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。

二、句型结构：1、肯定句：
2、否定句：
1. 肯定的祈使句
（1）动词原形+其他
Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。

（2）Be + n./adj/prep短语.
Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!
Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！
（3）Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分
Let me help you. 让我来帮你。

Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。

2. 否定的祈使句
(1) Don't + 动词原形
Don't stand up. 别站起来。

Don't be careless. 别粗心。

Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。

（2）Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。

Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。

Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。

（3）no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。

No smoking! 禁止吸烟!
No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!
No photos！
三、练习
一. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.It’s an important meeting. _________________ (not, be )late.
2.________________ (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sleeping.
3.________________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _________ (be) polite.
4. ________________ ( not, talk) and ____________ (read) aloud.
5._______________ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.
6.________________ (look) out! A car is coming.
7._______________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.
二、单项选择
1. The TV is too loud. Please________. A.turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it
2. _______ late again, Bill!
A. Don't to be
B. Don't be
C. Not be
D. Be not
3. _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.
A. Not
B. Won't
C. Doesn't
D. Don't
4. Please help me carry it, ______?
A. will I
B. will you
C. shall I
D. shall we
5. Don't make so much noise, ______?
A. will you
B. won't you
C. shall we
D. do you
6. Do you know the girl ______under the tree?
A. stand
B. to stand
C. standing
D. stood
7. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow.
A. bring
B. brings
C. to bring
D. bringing
8. ________ me the truth, or I'll be angry.
A. Telling
B. To tell
C. Told
D. Tell
9. I've kept the dog _______Maomao for a long time.
A. Name
B. named
C. naming
D. to name
10. Don't you know that _______ is good for our health?
A. swim
B. swimming
C. swam
D. swims
11 .Her doctor said: “________ work so hard”
A Stop
B Don’t
C Can’t
D No
14. ________him the secret, will you?
A Don’t tell
B Not to tell
C Not telling
D No telling
15. ________ in bed. It’s bad for your eyes.
A Not to read
B Don’t read
C Don’t to read
D Not read
16. ________ Your child. We’ll look after him.
A Not to worry about
B Don’t worry about
C Not worry for
D Don’t worry with
20.Please ________ look outside. Look at the blackboard.
A not
B don’t
C aren’t
D can’t
三、句型转换
1. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句）
_______ ________ again more slowly, please.
2. If you don't listen to me, I'll go. （改为同义句）
________ ________me, or I’ll go.
4. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句）
_______ _______careless, please.
5. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）
_______ _______ next to Nancy.
6. Don't forget to turn off the lights, please. （改为反意疑问句）
Don't forget to turn off the lights, _______ _______?
7. If you move, you'll die. （改为同义句）
_______ ______, or you'll die.
二、英语书面表达专项训练
2．同学们，初中生活即将结束，本次考试后，盼望已久的假期就要到来！请你根据以下提示，制定出度假计
划，可以结合自己的实际发挥。

写作内容：
1.和家长/同学一起旅游，享受大自然的美景，放松心情。

2.参加志愿活动，帮家长做家务。

3.读自己喜欢的书。

4.远离危险的地方。

写作要求：
1.80 词左右，开头部分已给出，但不计入规定字数。

2.内容合理；要点齐全；句子及篇章结构正确、连贯；书写规范。

3.不得出现自己的校名和自己的姓名等个人信息。

My junior high school years are coming to an end. The summer holiday is on the way. Here are my plans for the long exciting holidays.
【答案】My junior high school years are coming to an end. The summer holiday is on the way. Here are my plans for the long exciting holidays.
Because I have a busy life in school days,I will get close to nature and relax myself with my parents. I will volunteer to do something for others .I will stay with my parents and help my parents to do some housework in my free. I will also read every morning. From the books, I can get more knowledge to fulfill myself. I also decide to have a good sleep during the vacation. I decide to take part in some social activities in order to know about the real society. I will stay away from dangerous places.Besides, I will keep a diary and then take it to school for sharing with my classmates.
I'm sure I'll have an interesting and meaningful summer holiday.
【解析】
试题分析：短文要制定出度假计划，文章需要用第一人称“I”进行书写，不可使用“we/ you”等其他人称。

文章主要内容为计划的书写，主要使用一般将来时态。

所写的句子要符合英语语法，不能遗漏要点。

写作亮点：短文用了一些短语和句式，如：come to an end结束；on the way在途中；get close to nature亲近大自然；volunteer to do something自愿做某事；help sb to do sth帮助某人做某事；take part in sth参加活动。

用了一些衔接词besides等，句子过度自然。

用了because引导的原因状语从句，增加了文章的亮点。

考点：考查提纲作文。

3．手机在生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色，许多中学生沉迷于手机无法自拔，比如你的好友Miller.请根据以下提示点写一篇短文：
1. 去年，Miller对手机游戏非常入迷，而且花大量时间用手机聊天看电影；
2. Miller与家人和朋友交流甚少，离开手机会很焦虑；
3. 昨天还因为走路看手机被自行车撞了，膝盖受伤；
4. 你的建议……
参考词汇：mobile games手机游戏anxious焦虑be crazy about对……入迷要求：
1字数80-100个2开头已经给出不计入总词数3要点齐全，行为连贯，适当发挥
Today more and more people are addicted to(沉迷）playing the mobile phones. Last year, My friend Miller was
【答案】Today more and more people are addicted to(沉迷）playing the mobile phones. Last year，My friend Miller was crazy about mobile games as well. He spent too much time in chatting and watching films on the phone. Miller hardly talked with his family and friends. He lived in his own world. He felt very anxious without mobile phones. Yesterday he was hit by a bike, because he was watching his phone at that moment. As a result, he hurt his knees badly.
In my opinion, I think we can’t use the mobile phones for a long time, I mean, no more than half an hour a day. Don’t take mobile phones to school. A mobile phone is just a kind of tool, not our whole life.
【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇给材料作文。

首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；再紧扣要点，动笔写作，可适当发挥。

在写作时，注意连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。

同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。

最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。

4．书面表达
86.某英文报社正就青少年与父母关系这一话题开展题为“How to keep a good relationship with parents”的征文活动。

请你根据以下要点提示，写一篇英语短文参加此次活动。

（1）父母规矩太多，不允许晚上出去，过于强调学习成绩，不理解自己。

（2）你应该理解父母，他们是爱孩子的，希望孩子前程似锦。

（3）你与父母保持良好关系的做法：努力学习，听父母话。

（4）……（至少一条）。

要求：
（1）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。

（2）文中不得出现真实的姓名与校名。

（3）词数：80～100个。

（4）短文的开头己给出，不计入总词数。

How to keep a good relationship with parents
In my opinion, I have too many rules at home. My parents never allow me...
【答案】How to keep a good relationship with parents
In my opinion, I have too many rules at home. My parents never allow me to go out with my friends at night. They don’t allow me to choose my own clothes, either. And they pay too much attention to my exam results. I think my parents don’t quite und erstand me.
However, I try my best to understand them. Although they don’t allow me to make my own decisions and give me too much pressure, I know that it is because they really love me and want me to have a bright future.
In order to keep a good relationship with my parents, I study hard, listen to them, talk to them as friends, tell them my troubles, and help them do more housework.
【解析】
【详解】
某英文报社正就青少年与父母关系这一话题开展题为“How to keep a good relationship with parents”的征文活动。

请你根据以下要点提示，写一篇英语短文参加此次活动。

注意文中用第一人称书写；2.时态以一般现在时为主；3.体裁为说明文，可稍加评论；4.合理想象，发表你对压力的看法；5.语句通顺。

意思连贯；
【点睛】
本文语句通顺，段落分明。

文中用到了一些好的句型：However, I try my best to understand them. Although they don’t allow me to make my own decisions and give me too much pressure,这里给文章增色不少。

5．假如你是李华，作为活动主持人，你打算邀请外教 Smith 先生来参加本周末学校开展的“英语戏剧展示”活动，请用英语给他写一封邀请函，告诉他本次活动的具体时间和地点，安排了哪些内容，以及需要他做哪些事情。

提示词语:wear, role, perform, judge, suggestions, photos
提示问题:When and where are you going to hold the English drama show?
What are you going to do on the show?
What will you ask Mr. Smith to do for the show?
Dear Mr. Smith,
I'm glad to tell you there'll be an English drama show this weekend.
______________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________
We’re looking forward to your reply.
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m glad to tell you there’ll be an English drama show this weekend . It will be held at 8:00 this Saturday morning. We are going to hold it in our music club. All of us are going to wear nice clothes and play different roles in groups. We will perform English dramas. Speeches will be made during the show.
I hope you can work as a judge and give scores for each group after their performances. Then at the end of the drama show, you can give us some suggestions. If possible, you can bring your camera with you and take some photos for us. I believe this English drama show will be successful with your help.
We’re looking forward to your reply.
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】
本文属于话题作文，邀请外教史密斯先生参加英语戏剧展示活动。

根据要表达的内容确定并准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑，可适当增加内容。

亮点说明：这是一篇优秀的作文，很好的完成了试题规定的任务，语言表达符合英语习惯，准确运用时态、主谓一致，特别使用一些亮点词句，如be going to, at the end of, give sb sth, if possible, take some photos以及with one’s help。

增强逻辑关系，增加上下文意思连贯，用词准确，句子通顺，行文连贯。

【点睛】
写作时可以从以下几个方面做起：
认真审题。

审好题是写好书面表达的关键。

审题时要注意试题的要求，抓住要点，词数符合要求。

构思提纲。

有了提纲，我们就可以根据提纲和主题确定相关的写作材料。

通常书面表达给出的话题是开放的，而具体的内容要求学生自己发挥，因此选择恰当的素材也是使短文中心突出、明确的关键。

初写短文。

一切都准备就绪，就可以动笔写作了，在写作的过程中我们要注意句子的准确性、连贯性以及简洁性。

使用的词语、短语及句型尽量用自己有把握的词。

同时还要注意使用恰当的连词，使句子衔接自然。

修改润色。

修改润色是获取高分的必要步骤。

这一步我们除了检查短文的各种错误外，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，格式是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。

6．书面表达
近年来，人们非常关注学生的安全。

很多学校为此取消了许多有意义的外出活动，如春游、夏令营、野餐等。

假设你是育英中学的一名学生张明，请给郑校长发一封电子邮件，就此发表自己的看法。

要点如下：
1. 安全第一，但开展一些户外活动还是有必要的；
2. 通过这些活动，学生不仅能增长知识，还能开拓视野；
3. 与大自然亲密接触，能增强同学们的环保意识；
4. 建议学校在活动之前教给学生一些安全常识，让学生学会保护自己和自救。

参考词汇：outdoor activities户外活动；open up one’s eyes开阔视野
注意：1. 词数80—100；
2. 请不要逐句翻译，可适当发挥；
3. 文中不能出现真实的校名和人名；
4. 邮件的开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Mr. Zheng,
I’m sorry to trouble you. I’m Zhang Ming, a student from Yuying High School. I’m writing to you about outdoor activities.
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Yours,
Zhang Ming
【答案】Dear Mr. Zheng,
I’m sorry to trouble you. I’m Zhang Ming, a student from Yuying High school. V m writing to you about outdoor activities.
Could you please organize some outdoor activities for us, dear headmaster? Of course, safety comes first. But it’s necessary for us to take part in such activities.
In my opinion, we can learn more knowledge and open up our eyes in this way. What’s more, it’s a good way for us to learn to protect the environment by staying close to the nature. And we can get on well with our teachers and classmates.
Why not show us some safety knowledge before these activities. It’s a good chance for us to learn to protect and save ourselves.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Zhang Ming
【解析】
【详解】
近年来，人们非常关注学生的安全。

很多学校为此取消了许多有意义的外出活动，如春游、夏令营、野餐等。

假设你是育英中学的一名学生张明，请给郑校长发一封电子邮件，就此发表自己的看法。

这是一篇给材料作文，介绍自己的度假计划本文做给材料比较详细，叙述中注意将要点中的事情介绍清楚，可以适当取舍。

动笔前先根据材料确定时态，句式，词汇等主要内容。

根据内容可知本文时态问题比较复杂，注意时态与时间状语的搭配问题，人称主要是第一人称。

写作中注意使用连接词，注意表达的多样化，做到语意连
贯符合逻辑。

【点睛】
文中用到了一些好的句型，这些句型给文中增色不少，如：Could you please organize some outdoor activities for us；In my opinion, we can learn more knowledge and open up our eyes in this way.
7．三年快乐而充实的初中生活结束了，你将进入高中(中职)学校学习。

展望未来，你对高中(中职)生活充满期待。

请以“I Expect My School Life”为题，写一篇80词左右的短文。

文章的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。

要求：（1）内容要点：①生活、学习环境(餐厅，图书馆，运动场……)；②师生、同学关系；
③生活多彩、学业进步；④补充一点自己的想法。

（2）文章不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称；要点齐全，语言通顺，意思连贯，书写规范，可以适当发挥。

（3）提示词：get along with；colorful(adj.)；knowledge；habit
I Expect My School Life
I will study in a high school soon. Everything is new to me. ____________________________【答案】One possible version: （118 words）
I Expect My School Life
I will study in a high school soon. Everything is new to me.
I hope my school is big and clean with a large dinning room. And the library is full of different kinds of books. So I can read them in my spare time. I can get along well with my teachers and classmates. I can help each other with my classmates. At the same time, I expect my school life is colorful, after class I can listen to music, play chess and basketball. To get more useful knowledge or information, I can surf the Internet. I will keep a good eating habit. Do exercise often to stay in good spirits. Try my best to make great progress.
As long as I stick to it, I can achieve my dream.
【解析】
这是一篇给材料作文，题目中给出的材料较为齐全。

动笔前应根据材料内容组织语言，列出简单提纲，确定句子的时态，关键单词等问题。

写作中注意将以前的自己和现在的自己介绍清楚，并介绍一下自己的愿望。

根据材料内容可知本文主要是一般现在时态和将来时态，注意时态和主谓一致等问题。

写作中注意使用连词，做到上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系。

8．英语中有一句谚语：Failure is the mother of success.生活中我们常常会遭遇失败，但只要能正确对待，往往会获得最后的成功。

请就此用英语写一篇短文，主要内容包括：
1．描述亲身经历的一次失败；
2．叙说失败后如何获得成功；
3．谈谈你的感想。

注意：1．词数90左右。

短文的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；
2．短文须包括所有要点，不要逐词翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺；
3．短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。

Life is full of ups and downs and it is never too easy to achieve success. As the English saying goes, "Failure is the mother of success."
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________【答案】Life is full of ups and downs and it is never too easy to achieve success. As the English saying goes, "Failure is the mother of success."
I was asked to play in a table tennis match last term. Before the match, I was cinfident that I would win. However, I failed . How sad I was! luckily, my PE.teacher helped me out. He told me not to lose heart. He also helped me with my skills. With his help , my confidence returned and I came up with several new ideas. The next day, though I had to play against anther more skilled boy , I beat him!
So don’t be afraid of failure. If we can deal with it well. failure can be the mother of success!
【解析】
【详解】
1. 题干解读：这是一篇提纲式的给材料作文。

要求介绍介绍失败的经历，及从中的收获
和感想。

描述经历用过去时态。

2. 例文点评：这篇短文条理通畅，能将要点表达完整。

句式丰富，能运用连词使文章更
有逻辑同时运用了大量的短语。

3. 高分亮点：
短语和连词的使用：be full of ，ups and downs，too…to…，help out，before，if，lay against，deal with等。

句型：(1) Life is full of ups and downs and it is never too easy to achieve success（2）Failure is the mother of success.（3）I was asked to play in a table tennis match last term.（4）The next day, though I had to play against anther more skilled boy , I beat him! (5) If we can deal with it well. failure can be the mother of success!
9．书面表达。

因学习压力大，部分中学生的身体健康状况有所下降，这一情况已经引起社会的关注和教育部门的高度重视。

假若你是来自九年级三班的李华，请根据以下内容，用英语写一份不少于80词的倡议书。

建议大家积极多参加体育活动，提高身体素质。

不得出现真实姓名。

要点：1. 锻炼身体的好处： strong， healthy...
2. 锻炼身体的方式： play ball games， running， swimming...
3. 请你谈谈对学校开展体育锻炼的看法和建议。

要求：1. 内容必须包括以上要点，可适当发挥；
2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 语句通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；
4. 文中不得出现真实姓名及校名。

Dear schoolmates,
I am Li Hua from Class Three, Grade Nine. Health is very important to us teenagers.
____________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Li Hua
【答案】Dear shoolmates,
I am Li Hua from Class Three,Grade Nine. Health is very important to us teenagers. Either study or work is based on a strong body. Doing sports every day helps us keep healthy. If we don’t take any exercise, we may feel tired and get si ck easily. Just as we often say, “Exercise one hour a day keeps illness away. ”
There are many kinds of sports we can do, such as running, swimming and playing ball games. But we have to do too much homework after school, I hope teachers will give us less homework so that we can have more time to take part in sports. I also hope our school can organize more sports activities for us.
In order to build ourselves stronger and stronger,let’s take active part in all kinds of sports in proper time.
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】
本文属于话题作文。

讲述锻炼身体的好处、锻炼的方式，并建议大家积极参加体育活动。