十三陵-神路英文介绍

十三陵神路- God Way Ming Tombs
明十三陵是明朝十三个皇帝的陵墓所在地,距今已五百多年,属国家重点文物保护单位,九二年被列为世界之最。

Ming Tombs is the tomb of Emperor Ming 13 seat, has been 500 years ago, a national key cultural relics protection units, 2092 is listed as the world's most
神路是明十三陵的第一个景点,由石牌坊,大红门,碑楼,石象生,龙凤门等组成。

God Way is the first spots the Ming Tombs, the stone arch, dahongmen, Bei Lou, Dan Xiangsheng, Dragon Gate and other components.
长陵神功圣德碑亭,内竖碑一座,龙首龟缺,高8.1米,碑阳刻明仁宗朱高炽撰写的碑文,三千馀字,碑阴刻清高宗乾隆“哀明陵三十韵”,碑东侧是乾隆五十二年刻的御制诗,西侧是清仁宗嘉庆九年的御制文。

碑亭四角,各有汉白玉华表一座,表顶各有异兽一尊,面南者称望君出。

面北者称望君归。

每座华表上共刻有四十一条龙。

Changlingji divine holiness Beiting, a monument erected within the dragon turtle missing the first high 8.1 m, monument carved out of high Chi-Ren Zhu, written inscriptions, San Qianyu words, reverse side of a stone tablet engraved Qing Gaozong Emperor Qianlong, "Yun Ai Ming Tombs, 30" , monument east is five years of the Qianlong Emperor carved poems, the west side of the Qing Ren Wen Emperor Jiaqing nine. Beiting corners, each with a white marble ornamental columns, animals have a table top, face south, said Wang Jun were out. Wang Jun said the North side return. China table of each block there are 40 carved dragon.
碑亭北依次排列大型石雕。

有望柱二尊,坐立狮二对,坐立獬豸二对,立卧骆驼二对,立卧麟麟二对,立卧马二对,持瓜盔甲将军二对,朝衣冠文臣像二对,朝衣冠勋臣像二对,北接三门六柱式的棂星门,也称火焰牌坊,俗称龙凤门。

Beiting North turn arranged a large stone. Expected to column 2, two pairs of lions sitting, sitting haitai 二right, vertical-horizontal camel 二right, vertical-horizontal Lin Rinji right, vertical-horizontal horses two pairs of holding a melon helmet General II of the DPRK as two pairs of dressed Wenchen towards dressed Xunchen as two pairs of the north star 3 6 column of the lattice door, also known as the flame through the arch, commonly known as the Dragon Gate.
石象生造型生勤,雕工精细,具有很高的文物和艺术债值。

Health Qin Shi Xiangsheng style, fine workmanship, high debt cultural and artistic value.
石牌坊,它是我国现存最大的一座石制牌坊,全部是仿木结构,共五间六柱十一楼。

石牌坊为陵区前的第一座建筑物，建于1540年(嘉靖十九年)。

牌坊结构为五楹、六柱、十一楼，全部用汉白玉雕砌，在额枋和柱石的上下，刻有龙、云图纹及麒麟、狮子等浮雕。

这些图纹上原来曾饰有各色彩漆，因年代久远，现已剥蚀净尽。

整个牌坊结构恢宏，雕刻精美，反映了明代石质建筑工艺的卓越水平。

Stone arch, which is one of China's largest existing stone arch, all wood structure, a total of 11 floor, five six columns. Stone arch for the hilly area before the first building, built in 1540 (Jiajing 19 years). Arch structure for the five-ying, six columns, 11 floor, all with white marble Diao Qi,
Fang and pillars in the amount of up and down, engraved with dragons, clouds Patterns and unicorn, lion and other relief. The Patterns of the original paint has been decorated with various colors, as was so long ago, has eroded the net do. Magnificent structure of the arch, carved stone buildings reflect the Ming process excellence.
过了石牌坊，即可看到在神道左、右有两座小山。

东为龙山(也叫蟒山)，形如一条奔越腾挪的苍龙；西为虎山(俗称虎峪)，状似一只伏地警觉的猛虎。

中国古代道教有“左青龙，右白虎”为祥瑞之兆的传说，“龙”、“虎”分列左右，威严地守卫着十三陵的大门。

After a stone arch, you can see in the Shinto left and right are two hills. East for the Longshan (also called Mangshan), shaped like a dragon of Ben more maneuvers; West to Tiger Mountain (commonly known as Huyu), seemed to be an awareness of the Tigers fell to the ground. Ancient Chinese Taoism has "left the Green Dragon, White Tiger Right," for the good fortune of the legend, "Dragon," "Tiger," points out about awesome guarded the door to the Ming Tombs.
大红门,制如宫门,两侧各有下马碑一座,上刻:“官员人等至此下马”,是皇权至高无上的象征。

大红门坐落于陵区的正南面，门分三洞，又名大宫门，为陵园的正门。

大门两旁原各竖一通石碑，上刻"官员人等至此下马"字样。

凡是前来祭陵的人，都必须从此步入陵园，以显示皇陵的无上尊严。

大门两侧原设有两个角门，并连接着长达80华里的红色围墙。

在蜿蜒连绵的围墙中，另设有一座小红门和十个出入口，均派有重兵驻守，是百姓不可接近的禁地。

现在这些围墙都早已坍塌，有些残迹尚依稀可辨。

Dahongmen, system such as the palace, one on each side dismount monument, inscribed: "At this point dismount and other officials who" is the supreme symbol of imperial power. Dahongmen is located in the hilly area of the south, the door in three holes, also known as a large palace, the cemetery's main entrance. The vertical sides of a door through the original stone tablets, inscribed "official persons to this dismount" words. All who come to Ji Ling, must be entered from this cemetery to show the imperial tombs of the supreme dignity. There are two doors on both sides of the original Jiao Men, and connect with up to 80 li of the red wall. Continuous walls in the winding, the other with a Xiaohongmen and 10 entrances were sent there massive presence, is not the people close to the forbidden. Now those walls have already collapsed, and some remnants are still faintly visible.
大红门后的大道，叫神道，也称陵道。

起于石牌坊，穿过大红门，一直通向长陵，原为长陵而筑，但后来便成了全陵区的主陵道了。

该道纵贯陵园南北，全长7公里，沿线设有一系列建筑物，错落有致，蔚为壮观。

After dahongmen Avenue, called Shinto, also known as Ling Road. From the stone arch, through dahongmen, has been leading Changling, Changling and the building was originally, but later became the main Ling Road, the whole of the hilly area. The highways runs through the cemetery north-south length of 7 km, along with a series of buildings, patchwork, spectacular.
碑亭位于神道中央，是一座歇山重檐、四出翘角的高大方形亭楼，为长陵所建。

亭内竖有龙首龟趺石碑一块，高6米多。

上题"大明长陵神功圣德碑"，碑文长达3500多字，是明仁宗朱高炽撰文，明初著名书法家程南云所书。

该碑碑文作于1425年(洪熙元年)，碑石却是1435年(宣德十年)才刻成的。

在碑阴面还刻有清代乾隆皇帝写的《哀明陵十三韵》。

碑文详细记录了长、永、定、思诸陵的残破情况。

碑东侧是清廷修明陵的花费记录。

西侧是嘉庆帝论述明代灭亡的原因。

碑亭四隅立有4根白石华表，其顶部均蹲有一只异兽，名为望天犭孔。

华表和碑亭相互映衬，显得十分庄重浑厚。

在碑亭东侧，原建有行宫，为帝后前来祀陵时的更衣处，现已无存。

Beiting is located in the central Shinto is a Xie Shan Zhong Yan, four Qiao Jiao Ting tall square building, built for the Changling. Tingnei erected a stone dragon head turtle tablets, more than 6 meters high. On the question, "Stele Ming dynasty changlingji divine holiness", the inscription over more than 3500 characters, Ren Ju Ming Chi author, a famous calligrapher in the early Ming Cheng Nanyun the book. The monument inscription made in 1425 (Hung Shing first year), monument is in 1435 (Xuande years) before carved. In the reverse side of a stone tablet engraved with the surface also written in the Qing Dynasty Emperor Qianlong, "Ai Ming Tombs, 13 rhyme." Inscription recording in detail the long, never, be, think of the dilapidated condition of various tomb. Ling Qing Ting Xiuming monument east of the cost of records. The west is the demise of the Ming Dynasty Emperor Jiaqing reasons discussed. Beiting Siyu Li Bai Shihua have four tables, one of their top animals were squatting there, Kong Quan called heaven. China Table and Beiting each other against the background appears to be very serious sounding. Beiting east in the original palace built for Empress Si-Ling came to office when the dressing has been lost.
石雕群是陵前放置的石雕人、兽，古称石像生(石人又称翁仲)。

从碑亭北的两根六角形的石柱起，至龙凤门止的千米神道两旁，整齐地排列着24只石兽和12个石人，造型生动，雕刻精细，深为游人所喜爱。

其数量之多，形体之大，雕琢之精，保存之好，是古代陵园中罕见的。

石兽共分6种，每种4只，均呈两立两跪状。

将它们陈列于此，赋有一定含义。

例如，雄狮威武，而且善战；獬豸为传说中的神兽，善辨忠奸，惯用头上的独角去顶触邪恶之人。

狮子和獬豸均是象征守陵的卫士。

麒麟，为传说中的仁兽，表示吉祥之意。

骆驼和大象，忠实善良，并能负重远行。

骏马善于奔跑，可为坐骑。

石人分勋臣、文臣和武臣，各4尊，为皇帝生前的近身侍臣，均为拱手执笏的立像，威武而虔诚。

在皇陵中设置这种石像生，早在两千多年前的秦汉时期就有了。

主要起装饰点缀作用，以象征皇帝生前的仪威，表示皇帝死后在阴间也拥有文武百官及各种牲畜可供驱使，仍可主宰一切。

Stone Group is the tomb stone placed in front of people, animals, ancient stone statue of Health (also known as Wengzhong Shiren). Beiting north from two hexagonal columns, the only door to the Dragon and the 1000 meters on both sides of Shinto, neatly lined with 24 Shishou and 12 Shiren, dynamic, vivid, fine carving, deeply loved by tourists. Their number and form large, crafted of fine, good preservation, is rare in the ancient cemetery. Shishou divided into six kinds, each of 4, showed two of two knees like stand. Display them here, are endowed with certain meanings. For example, the mighty lion, and skillfully; Xie Zhi for the legendary mythical beasts, able to contend Faithfulness, head of the horn to the top of usual touch of evil people. Lion and are symbolic keep Haetae tomb guardians. Kirin, the legendary beast of benevolence, that auspicious meaning. Camels and elephants, the faithful kind, and can load travel. Horse good at running, can mount. Sub-Xun Chen Shiren, civil officials and Military Officials, all four, for the emperor during his lifetime of close courtiers, hand over all executive Wat stand like, powerful and devout. This stone set in the imperial tombs of the students, as early as the Qin and Han Dynasty two thousand years ago there was. Garnish the major role played, in order to symbolize the emperor during his lifetime the instrument Wei, said the emperor's death in hell and all kinds of animals also have reviewed all the documents available to drive, still dominated.
棂星门又叫龙风门。

由四根石柱构成三个门洞，门柱类似华表，柱上有云板、异兽。

在三个门额枋上的中央部分，还分别饰有一颗石雕火珠，因而该门又称“火焰牌坊”。

龙凤门西北侧，原建有行宫，是帝后祭陵时的歇息之处。

Star Gate also known as Long Feng lattice door. Posed by the four columns of three openings, goal post similar to the Chinese table, column a cloud, and animals. Beam at the three doors in the central part, also were decorated with a fire stone beads, and thus the door also known as "fire arch." Dragon gate northwest of the original palace built, Queen Ji Ling is the time to rest between.。