英语修辞的翻译
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如果这个术语对生活在20 世纪的人听来 不科学的话，那就让我们记住沼泽地和疟 疾之间是一定有联系的……
a
8
积极修辞格（Active Rhetoric Techniques）
比喻 Simile，Metaphor
双关 Pun
借代 Metonymy
拟人Personification 夸张 Hyperbole
a
14
提喻 （synecdoche)
No one grasped you by the shoulder while there was still time; and naught will awaken in you the sleeping poet or musician or astronomer that possibly inhabited you from the beginning.
a
6
大词小用
1. Don’t take the low-fat label as a license to eat。
不能因为食品标明低脂肪而敞开食用。
a
7
小词大用
2. If the term sounds unscientific to 20th-century ears, let us remember there is a definite connection between marshy lands and malaria…
上。
a
10
明喻（Simile）
2. He looked at me with an air of surprised disapproval, as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone.
他带着一种吃惊的、不以为然的神态看着我， 犹如一位上校看着一名没有系好靴带的二等兵 一样。
委婉 Euphemism 矛盾 Oxymoron
反语 Irony
排比 Parallelism
a
9
明喻（Simile）
常用比喻词有like, as if, as, as though 等 1. The cheque fluttered to the floor like
a bird with a broken wing. 支票像一只断了翅膀的小鸟似地飘落到地板
a
11
暗喻（Metaphor）
暗喻也叫隐喻。是将甲事物当作乙事物来描 Байду номын сангаас，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗 含的。
“a figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another” (Webster’s New World Dictionary)
a
12
暗喻（Metaphor）
1. There were no more butterflies in my stomach when I opened up an abdomen or a chest.
当我切开病人的腹部和胸腔时，我不再紧张得瑟 瑟发抖了。
2. What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter?
如果少了这位电子保姆，做父母的可怎么办呢？
a
13
提喻 （synecdoche)
指在同性质、同种类、同一体的事物中，大小 互代、部分和整体互代、抽象和具体互代、原 料代替所构成的成品等，反之亦然。
“a figure of speech in which a part is used for a whole, an individual for a class, a material for a thing, or the reverse of any of these”. (Webster’s New World Dictionary)
我们为那伟大的一文不值的信念而死。
a
2
修辞的定义
所谓修辞格，就是为了在读者或听众心目中 展现出一副形象生动的画面，使他们能够根 据以往的经验产生某种联想，使得比较抽象 的事物具体化而易于接受，起到修辞效果。
a
3
修辞的定义
英语修辞格和汉语修辞格有很大的差异，掌握 修辞格及其使用方法，能够帮助我们加深对阅 读材料的理解，达到准确的翻译与表达，有助 于我们更加充分地欣赏作者的写作风格。英语 中的修辞格根据其格式是否固定可分为消极修 辞和积极修辞两大类。
修辞的翻译
a
1
Warming –up
1.The boy was creeping like snail unwillingly to school.
那男孩像只蜗牛慢慢向前挪动，嘟哝着不愿去 上学。
2.The boy stood rooted.
那男孩一动不动地呆着。
3. We are dying for the greatest nothing.
4. … like a logical way to peel off a few pounds.
5. … roughly the amount needed to burn off one pound.
6. You must eat less to lose weight.
7. A key obstacle to dropping extra pounds is after-dinner snacking.
a
4
消极修辞 Passive Rhetoric Techniques
没有相对固定格式。它与语法、语言结构和 词汇的关系密切，只是为了修辞和立意新颖 的缘故，对之做了一些调整。譬如：为了增 加文采，强化文章的表现力，常常避免重复 使用同一词汇，而另选他词。这种无固定格 式可循的消极修辞手法被称为“求雅换词” （Elegant Variation ）。
a
5
Lose Pounds
1. Try to shed a few extra pounds.
2. Studies show these efforts may shave off the pounds quickly.
3. Here are ten simple strategies that can help melt away your fat forever.
a
8
积极修辞格（Active Rhetoric Techniques）
比喻 Simile，Metaphor
双关 Pun
借代 Metonymy
拟人Personification 夸张 Hyperbole
a
14
提喻 （synecdoche)
No one grasped you by the shoulder while there was still time; and naught will awaken in you the sleeping poet or musician or astronomer that possibly inhabited you from the beginning.
a
6
大词小用
1. Don’t take the low-fat label as a license to eat。
不能因为食品标明低脂肪而敞开食用。
a
7
小词大用
2. If the term sounds unscientific to 20th-century ears, let us remember there is a definite connection between marshy lands and malaria…
上。
a
10
明喻（Simile）
2. He looked at me with an air of surprised disapproval, as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone.
他带着一种吃惊的、不以为然的神态看着我， 犹如一位上校看着一名没有系好靴带的二等兵 一样。
委婉 Euphemism 矛盾 Oxymoron
反语 Irony
排比 Parallelism
a
9
明喻（Simile）
常用比喻词有like, as if, as, as though 等 1. The cheque fluttered to the floor like
a bird with a broken wing. 支票像一只断了翅膀的小鸟似地飘落到地板
a
11
暗喻（Metaphor）
暗喻也叫隐喻。是将甲事物当作乙事物来描 Байду номын сангаас，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗 含的。
“a figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another” (Webster’s New World Dictionary)
a
12
暗喻（Metaphor）
1. There were no more butterflies in my stomach when I opened up an abdomen or a chest.
当我切开病人的腹部和胸腔时，我不再紧张得瑟 瑟发抖了。
2. What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter?
如果少了这位电子保姆，做父母的可怎么办呢？
a
13
提喻 （synecdoche)
指在同性质、同种类、同一体的事物中，大小 互代、部分和整体互代、抽象和具体互代、原 料代替所构成的成品等，反之亦然。
“a figure of speech in which a part is used for a whole, an individual for a class, a material for a thing, or the reverse of any of these”. (Webster’s New World Dictionary)
我们为那伟大的一文不值的信念而死。
a
2
修辞的定义
所谓修辞格，就是为了在读者或听众心目中 展现出一副形象生动的画面，使他们能够根 据以往的经验产生某种联想，使得比较抽象 的事物具体化而易于接受，起到修辞效果。
a
3
修辞的定义
英语修辞格和汉语修辞格有很大的差异，掌握 修辞格及其使用方法，能够帮助我们加深对阅 读材料的理解，达到准确的翻译与表达，有助 于我们更加充分地欣赏作者的写作风格。英语 中的修辞格根据其格式是否固定可分为消极修 辞和积极修辞两大类。
修辞的翻译
a
1
Warming –up
1.The boy was creeping like snail unwillingly to school.
那男孩像只蜗牛慢慢向前挪动，嘟哝着不愿去 上学。
2.The boy stood rooted.
那男孩一动不动地呆着。
3. We are dying for the greatest nothing.
4. … like a logical way to peel off a few pounds.
5. … roughly the amount needed to burn off one pound.
6. You must eat less to lose weight.
7. A key obstacle to dropping extra pounds is after-dinner snacking.
a
4
消极修辞 Passive Rhetoric Techniques
没有相对固定格式。它与语法、语言结构和 词汇的关系密切，只是为了修辞和立意新颖 的缘故，对之做了一些调整。譬如：为了增 加文采，强化文章的表现力，常常避免重复 使用同一词汇，而另选他词。这种无固定格 式可循的消极修辞手法被称为“求雅换词” （Elegant Variation ）。
a
5
Lose Pounds
1. Try to shed a few extra pounds.
2. Studies show these efforts may shave off the pounds quickly.
3. Here are ten simple strategies that can help melt away your fat forever.