中考英语完形填空-说明文(含答案和解析)01

中考英语完形填空
说明文01
1.完形填空
New York, London, Paris and other bi g cities are interesting places to live in. There are 1 interesting things to see and to do. You can go to
2 kinds of museums and see plays or films. You can also do shopping to
3 things from all over the world.
But there are serious(严重的) 4 in big cities too. The cost of living is 5 , and there are too many people in some places of the big cities. Every year many people come to the cities because they can 6 find jobs there, study at a good school, and receive good medical(医学的) care(看护;护理). But 7 these people can't find jobs or good places to live in. Also too many people live in a small space. This makes it 8 to keep the cities safe and clean.
Some people enjoy 9 in big cities, but others do not. 10 people move to a big city, they should think about the problems of living there.
1. A. much B. many C. little D. few
2. A. every B. each C. different D. same
3. A. sell B. buy C. lend D. borrow
4. A. jobs B. people C. problems D. answers
5. A. cheap B. large C. tall D. high
6. A. hardly B. easily C. carefully D. usually
7. A. always B. never C. sometimes D. not
8. A. hard B. good C. easy D. better
9. A. to live B. live C. living D. lives
10. A. But B. Because C. After D. Before
【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）B；（4）C；（5）D；（6）B；（7）C；（8）A；（9）C；（10）D；
【解析】这篇文章主要讲述了像纽约、伦敦、巴黎等的一些大城市，既有很多优点，如：有很多娱乐场所和购物的地方，也存在很多严重的大问题，如：生活成本高、人口多、就业问题等。

因此，当人们移到大城市时应该考虑城市生活的问题。

（1）句意：有许多有趣的事情可看、可做。

A、much多，修饰不可数名词，B、many许多，修饰可数名词复数，C、little少，修饰不可数名词，D、few几乎没有的，修饰可数名词，表示否定含义，这里指“许多有趣的事情”，things可数名词复数，故答案为B。

（2）句意：你可以去不同类型的博物馆看戏剧或电影。

A、every每一的，后接名词单数，B、each每个，后接名词单数C、different不同的，后接名词复数，D、same相同的，这里指“不同类型的博物馆”,kinds种类，名词复数，故答案为C。

（3）句意：。

你也可以购买来自从世界各地的东西。

A、sell出售，卖，B、buy
买，C、lend借给，D、borrow借，根据前面do shopping可知这里指“买东西”，故答案为B。

（4）句意：但大城市也存在严重的问题。

A、jobs工作，B、people人们，C、problems问题，D、answers答案，根据下文提到了生活成本高、人口多、就业问题等一些问题，故答案为C。

（5）句意：生活成本高，大城市的一些地方人太多了。

A、cheap便宜的，B、large大的，C、tall高的，常用来指细长物体的高度，D、high高的，可以表示“抽象的”高，根据后面可知这里指“生活成本高”，故答案为D。

（6）句意：每年都有许多人来到城市，因为他们可以很容易地在那里找到工作，在一所好学校学习，并得到良好的医疗护理。

A、hardly几乎不，B、easily容易地，C、carefully仔细地，D、usually通常地，这里指“容易地找到工作”，修饰实义动词find,用副词形式，故答案为B。

（7）句意：但有时这些人找不到工作或住的好地方。

A、always总是，B、never 从不，C、sometimes有时，D、not不，根据语境可知这里指“有时”出现的状况，故答案为C。

（8）句意：这使得城市很难保持安全和清洁。

A、hard难的，B、good好的，C、easy容易的，D、better更好的，根据上文描述的在城市里出现的问题，由此可知这里指“很难使得城市安全和干净”，故答案为A。

（9）句意：有些人喜欢住在大城市，但也有人不喜欢。

A、to live居住，动词不定式，B、live居住，动词原形，C、living居住，动名词，D、lives居住，动词live的三单形式，固定词组enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，后接动名词，故答案为C。

（10）句意：人们在搬到一个大城市之前，他们应该考虑在那里生活的问题。

A、But但是，表示转折关系，
B、because因为，表示因果关系，
C、After在……之后，
D、Before在……之前，这里表示“人们搬到大城市之前”，故答案为D。

【总结】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

2.完形填空。

Giant pandas are beautiful black- and- white animals. They look like 1 .They mainly live in China. They are very 2 and peaceful. They like eating 3 . They seldom eat meat. Baby giant pandas spend a lot of time 4 their mum's milk more than fourteen hours a day! Mother giant 0-pandas have only one 5 two babies at a time. There are no more than 2,000 giant pandas in the world now. Sadly it's very 6 for giant pandas to stay alive(活着的) in the wild. Their number is getting 7 because their living places are becoming farmlands. If farmers keep taking up the land, giant pandas won't have anywhere to live. A Also, people kill them 8 their fur(毛皮). If this goes on, then there will be no giant pandas in the world. So，what action(行动) can we take? We should 9 letters to newspapers and magazines about giant pandas in China. We should tell them about the problems for giant pandas. If more people know about these. problems，then maybe they will do something 10 .
1. A. bears B. tigers C. lions D. monkeys
2. A. noisy B. sad C. quiet D. naughty
3. A. bananas B. flowers C. carrots D. bamboo
4. A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drank
5. A. and B. or C. but D. because
6. A. easy B. happy C. difficult D. interesting
7. A. more and more B. less and less C. smaller and smaller D. larger and larger
8. A. with B. at C. for D. about
9. A. speak B. write C. listen D. find
10. A. help B. helped C. helping D. to help
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）D；（4）B；（5）B；（6）C；（7）C；（8）C；（9）B；（10）D；
【解析】本文主要介绍了保护大熊猫的重要性。

（1）句意：它们看起来像熊。

根据look like，可知大熊猫看起来像熊，bear熊，故选A。

（2）句意：它们非常安静、平和。

根据peaceful平静的，可知与之并列的是quiet安静的，故选C。

（3）句意：它们喜欢吃竹子。

根据常识可知熊猫喜欢吃竹子，bamboo竹子，故选D。

（4）句意：大熊猫宝宝每天花超过14个小时喝妈妈的奶。

spend time doing sth 花费时间做某事，故选B。

（5）句意：大熊猫妈妈一次只生一两个宝宝。

根据one及two，可知是一个或两个，or或者，故选B。

（6）句意：可悲的是，大熊猫在野外很难存活。

根据sadly，可知是消极的方面，大熊猫在野外很难存活，difficult困难的，故选C。

（7）句意：他们的数量越来越少，因为它们的生活场所正在变成农田。

number 数量，用large或small修饰，根据their living places are becoming farmlands，可知因为失去居住地，它们的数量变少了，故选C。

（8）句意：还有，人们为了它们的皮毛而杀它们。

kill…for为了……而杀死，此处for表目的，故选C。

（9）句意：我们应该给报纸和杂志写信介绍中国的大熊猫。

根据letters，可知是写信，write写，故选B。

（10）句意：如果更多的人知道这些问题，那么他们也许会做些什么来帮助他们。

根据句子结构，可知此处应填动词不定式表目的，故选D。

【总结】考查完形填空，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析每题的四个选项，根据上下文内容及语法知识进行选择。

3.完形填空
Like two different worlds
I come from London in England- a very big city! Over 8 1 people live there, and it's always busy with tourists. So moving to a little town 2 only 15 ,000 people was a big change for me! I am living in a little town in Germany now.
In the countryside, the towns are 3 so everyone knows each other. At home in London, I don't even know my neighbours! Another nice thing about the countryside is that it's very green and there's lots of fresh air. I like nature, and it's nice to see 4 the seasons change the trees. My favourite thing about
living in the countryside is that at night I can see thousands of 5 . At home I can hardly see any! That's because there's 6 light in the city, but here everything is dark and the stars twinkle in the sky.
One thing I do like about living in a city is that it's 7 to travel. We have the subways, buses and trains, and we even have buses that run all night. Here, the last train is before 9 pm, and there's only one in an hour! Another good thing about cities is that there are lots of 8 ，so you can usually find what you need. Here there aren't many shops, 9 I have to go to the nearest city!
I always thought I was a city girl, but now I like the countryside too. They are like two different worlds, but 10 are like home !
1. A. hundred B. thousand C. million D. millions
2. A. with B. from C. like D. for
3. A. larger B. cleaner C. noisier D. smaller
4. A. how B. when C. what D. where
5. A. ducks B. stars C. lights D. plans
6. A. much too B. too many C. too much D. too big
7. A. expensive B. difficult C. easy D. boring
8. A. schools B. shops C. hospitals D. banks
9. A. so B. but C. and D. or
10. A. all B. both C. each D. either
【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）D；（4）A；（5）B；（6）C；（7）C；（8）B；（9）A；（10）B；
【解析】本文介绍了伦敦和作者居住的小镇的区别。

（1）句意：超过8百万人住在那里，那里总是挤满了游客。

根据常识，城市的人口要超过百万，A百，B千，C百万，基数词8+million的原形，故选C。

（2）句意：所以搬到一个只有15，000人的小镇对我来说是一个巨大的改变！A有，B来自，C像，D为了，根据15，000可知是有多少人口，故是介词with，故选A。

（3）句意：在农村，城镇要更小些，所以人人都熟悉彼此。

A更大，B更干净，C更吵，D更小，根据人人都熟悉彼此，可知是小一些，故选D。

（4）句意：我喜欢大自然，很高兴看到四季如何改变了树木。

A怎样，B何时，C什么，D哪里，根据seasons change the trees，可知表示变化的方式，故是how，故选A。

（5）句意：我最喜欢住在乡下，因为晚上我可以看到成千上万的星星。

A鸭子，B星星，C灯，D计划，根据at night，可知夜晚能看到星星，故选B。

（6）句意：那是因为城市里有太多的光，但是这里一切都是黑暗的，星星在天空闪烁。

A太，修饰形容词，B太多，修饰名词复数，C太多，修饰不可数名词，D太大，根据light是不可数名词，可知用too much修饰，故选C。

（7）句意：我确实喜欢住在城市里的一点是，旅行容易。

A贵的，B不同的，C容易的，D无聊的，根据We have the subways, buses and trains, and we even have buses that run all night，可知我们有地铁、公共汽车和火车，我们甚至有通宵运行的公共汽车很方便，故选C。

（8）句意：城市的另一个好处是有很多的商店。

A学校，B商店，C医院，D 银行，根据you can usually find what you need，可知是商店里有各种需要的东西，故选B。

（9）句意：这里商店不多，所以我得去最近的城市。

A所以，B但是，C并且，D或者，根据这里商店不多，可知结果是我得去最近的城市，故是所以，so，故选A。

（10）句意：他们就像两个不同的世界，但两者都像家！A所有的，三者以上，B两个都，C每个，D要么，根据two different worlds，可知表示两者是both，故选B。

【总结】考查完形填空，注意词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。

最后通读一遍检查验证。

4.（2020·南京）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

According to several recent surveys, some people fear public speaking more than anything else. 1 , this fear can be overcome (克服) with two simple methods: practice and using positive (正面的) energy from the audience. Practicing for a speech is essential. 2 the task of writing the speech is complete, speakers must practice, practice, practice. The more times they practice the speech, the more 3 they are discussing the topic. Using 4 such as mirrors or video recordings as they practice can show speakers what they look and sound like to the audience. Video is particularly helpful as it can be 5 many times, with the presenters focusing (集中) on one part at a time. Another 6 of dealing with public speaking fears is using the audience's positive energy. Speakers need to remember that the audience wants them to 7 . Something as basic as a small nod or a smile from a member of the audience should give 8 to the presenters behind the podium. While it is easy for nervous speakers to focus only on getting through the presentation, using the audience's 9 will (意愿) helps much in making a speech better.
All in all, these two strategies are sure to help with fear of public speaking. With proper practice and audience empathy (共鸣), it is 10 to overcome the fear of public speaking and deliver a successful speech. So there is no need to fear public speaking any more.
1. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Sadly D. Terribly
2. A. Unless B. After C. Until D. Before
3. A. nervous B. scared C. comfortable D. difficult
4. A. objects B. activities C. signs D. instructions
5. A. found B. sold C. cleared D. watched
6. A. cause B. problem C. way D. purpose
7. A. surprise B. scream C. suppose D. succeed
8. A. confidence B. challenge C. humour D. service
9. A. poor B. good C. weak D. free
10. A. necessary B. important C. interesting D. possible
【答案】（1）A；（2）B；（3）C；（4）A；（5）D；（6）C；（7）D；（8）A；（9）B；（10）D；
【解析】短文大意：有些人最害怕公开演讲。

本文讲述了克服这种恐惧有两个简单的方法:练习和利用观众的正能量。

（1）句意：幸运的是，克服这种恐惧有两个简单的方法。

luckily幸运地；suddenly 突然；sadly伤心地；terribly可怕地，糟糕地；根据下文可知这里是幸运地，故答案为A。

（2）句意：写完演讲稿后，演讲者必须练习、练习、再练习。

unless除非；after 在……之后；until直到；before在……之前；根据常识可知是在写完演讲稿之后才能练习，故答案为B。

（3）句意：他们练习演讲的次数越多，讨论话题就越轻松。

nervous紧张不安的；scared害怕的；comfortable舒适的，舒服的；difficult困难的；根据上文的The more times they practice the speech可知这里是越轻松，故答案为C。

（4）句意：在练习时使用镜子或录像等物品可以向观众展示演讲者的长相和声音。

objects物品，实物；activities活动；signs标志，符号；instructions说明；根据常识可知镜子和录像都是实物，物品，故答案为A。

（5）句意：视频是特别有用的，因为它可以观看多次。

found发现；sold卖；cleared清除；watched观看；由Video可知是观看，故答案为D。

（6）句意：另一种应对公众演讲恐惧的方法是利用听众的正能量。

cause原因；problem问题，难题；way方式，方法；purpose目的；根据上文this fear can be overcome (克服) with two simple methods可知是方法，故答案为C。

（7）句意：演讲者需要记住听众希望他们成功。

surprise吃惊；scream尖叫；suppose猜想；succeed成功；根据句意和语境可知这里是观众希望演讲者成功，故答案为D。

（8）句意：一些最基本的动作，比如观众的点头或微笑，都能给演讲人带来自信。

confidence自信；challenge挑战；humour幽默；service服务；根据上文Something as basic as a small nod or a smile from a member of the audience和常识可知这些能带来自信，故答案为A。

（9）句意：虽然紧张的演讲者很容易只专注于完成演示，但利用听众的善意有助于把演讲做得更好。

poor贫穷的；good好的；weak虚弱的；free自由的，免费的；根据句意可知是观众好的意愿，故答案为B。

（10）句意：通过适当的练习和观众的共鸣，就有可能克服公众演讲的恐惧，并发表一场成功的演讲。

necessary必要的；important重要的；interesting有趣的；possible可能的；根据上文可知是两种克服演讲恐惧的方法，做到了就由可能成功，故答案为D。

【总结】考查说明文阅读。

答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型，语法，搭配，语境等因素。

最后通读一遍检查验证。

5.完形填空：
One day a rich man wanted to sell some goods in another town and buy some things there. He 1 to take ten servants(仆人) with him. They would carry the goods and also some 2 to eat on their way. The rich man said to 3 of his servants, "Ali, you are the 4 and the weakest one. You may 5 the lightest load(担子) to carry." Ali thanked him and chose the 6 load. It was their food-bread. The rich man said, " How foolish you are! That's the heaviest one. " But Ali was 7 to lift it up. And so they set off. Four hours 8 , they stopped for a rest. They all 9 some of the bread. Then there was 10 bread for Ali to carry. Each time they ate some, the load became smaller and lighter. At last the clever servant had nothing to carry.
1. A. agreed B. liked C. decided D. refused
2. A. food B. goods C. water D. meat
3. A. all B. both C. none D. one
4. A. tallest B. smallest C. busiest D. fastest
5. A. find B. give C. choose D. carry
6. A. lightest B. smallest C. best D. biggest
7. A. glad B. worry C. sorry D. tired
8. A. early B. later C. pas D. last
9. A. loved B. put C. called D. ate
10. A. more B. little C. less D. no
【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）D；（4）B；（5）C；（6）D；（7）A；（8）B；（9）D；（10）C；
【解析】这篇短文讲述了一个富人带着十个仆人赶路，他想让最弱小的仆人挑最轻的担子，但是那个仆人却选择了挑着食物的最重的担子。

随着他们不断的前行，食物吃完了，那个仆人就没有东西可挑了。

（1）句意：他决定带着10个仆人和他一起去。

A、agreed同意，B、liked喜欢，C、decided决定，D、refused拒绝。

根据They would carry the goods可知，富人是带着仆人去的。

故选C。

（2）句意：在路上，他们可以带着货物，也可以带着一些吃的东西。

A、food 食物，B、goods货物，C、water水，D、meat肉。

根据to eat on their way可知，故选A。

（3）句意：富人对其中的一个仆人说。

A、all所有的，B、both两者都，C、none没有人，D、one一个人。

根据下文Ali, you are the smallest and the weakest one 可知，one of其中一个，故选D。

（4）句意：阿里，你是最矮小的，也是最柔弱的人。

A、tallest最高的，B、smallest 最小的，C、busiest最忙的，D、fastest最快的。

根据and the weakest one可知，故选B。

（5）句意：：你可以选择最轻的担子。

A、find找到，B、give给，C、choose
选择，D、carry携带。

根据Ali thanked him and chose...可知，故选C。

（6）句意：阿里感谢他，并选择了最大的担子。

A、lightest最轻的，B、smallest 最小的，C、best最好的，D、biggest最大的。

根据That's the heaviest one可知，故选D。

（7）句意：但是阿里很高兴地挑着它。

A、glad高兴的，B、worry担心的，C、sorry对不起的，D、tired劳累的。

根据本句中的but可知，虽然担子大，但是阿里还是高兴的，故选A。

（8）句意：4小时之后，他们停下休息。

A、early早的，B、later之后，C、past 超过，D、last最后。

根据they stopped for a rest可知，故选B。

（9）句意：他们都吃一些面包。

A、loved喜爱，B、put放，C、called打电话，D、ate吃。

根据Each time they ate some可知，故选D。

（10）句意：然后阿里挑的面包担子就更少了。

A、more更多，B、little少的，C、less更少的，D、no没有。

根据At last the clever servant had nothing to carry 可知，故选C。

【总结】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

6.（2020·南充）先通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后面各题所给的A、
B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms(节气). The Spring Equinox which is called chunfen in Chinese usually falls 1 March 20 or March 21 every year.
Standing an egg upright is a 2 game across the country during the Spring Equinox. People practice this tradition to celebrate the 3 of spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future. It's also a good time to fly kites. In ancient times，people did not have good medical resources (资源)， 4 they wrote their medical problems on a paper kite to ask for good health. When the kite was in the air, people would 5 the line to let the paper kite fly away, which means the lying away of diseases.
1. A. on B. in C. at D. between
2. A. strict B. useful C. popular D. harmful
3. A. coming B. ending C. moving D. stopping
4. A. or B. so C. though D. because
5. A. hold on B. turn on C. take off D. cut off
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）A；（4）B；（5）D；
【解析】文章大意：本文主要介绍春分这个节气及在这个节气的一个名叫立蛋的活动。

（1）句意：春分在中国被称为春分，通常在每年的3月20日或21日。

A.在……上面；B.在……里面；C.在；D.在……（两者）之间。

表示时间的某一点、某一时刻或年龄等用at。

泛指一般意义的上午、下午或晚上以及月或年等较长的时间，一般用in。

若表示星期几或某一特定的日期或某个特定日期的上午，下午或者晚上，则用on。

between应该与and连用。

此处空后为特定日期，应该用on，故选A。

（2）句意：立蛋是春分时节全国各地的一项流行的游戏。

A.严格的；B.有用
的；C.流行的；D.有害的。

根据across the country 可知，此处指的是流行的，故选C。

（3）句意：人们用这个传统来庆祝春天的到来。

A.到来；B.结束；C.移动；
D.停止。

本文讲述的是春分的相关情况，根据常识可知，此处指的是春天的到来，故选A。

（4）句意：在古代，人们没有良好的医疗资源，所以他们把自己的健康问题写在一个纸风筝上，以祈求健康。

A.或者，否则；B.所以；C.虽然；D.因为。

根据前后句句意可知，后句是前句的结果，故选B。

（5）句意：当风筝在空中时，人们会切断线让纸风筝飞走，A. 不挂断电话，等一下；B.打开；C.关闭；D.切断。

根据后面的目的状语to let the paper kite fly away 和常识可知，此处指的是切断线，故选D。

【总结】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

7.（2020·成都）阅读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。

Now people can pay by scanning (扫描) their faces while shopping. Is it 1 to pay by scanning other parts of our bodies? Amazon has a new technology that scans 2 .
The technology can tell if the person is the right one by scanning his or her hand. The scanner examines things such as finger prints. It then sends a picture to a certain center which can decide who the person is.
In September 2019, Amazon made a payment system for a US supermarket. People can pay 3 by scanning their hands under a machine. Their hand scan is connected to their bank cards, so they can pay successfully. It's quite convenient, especially for 4 people. With this new technology, people 5 take their cards with them. They just scan their hands.
1. A. possible B. important C. strange
2. A. eyes B. faces C. hands
3. A. usually B. simply C. really
4. A. old B. poor C. smart
5. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）B；（4）A；（5）C；
【解析】本文介绍了亚马逊的购物扫描新技术。

（1）句意：通过扫描我们身体的其他部分来付费可能吗？A可能的，B重要的，C陌生的，根据Amazon has a new technology亚马逊有一项新技术，可知此技术使得方便付款成为可能，故选A。

（2）句意：亚马逊有一种扫描手部的新技术。

A眼睛，B脸，C手，根据The technology can tell if the person is the right one by scanning his or her hand这项技术可以通过扫描他或她的手来判断这个人是否是正确的人，可知是扫描手，故选C。

（3）句意：人们可以通过简单地扫描机器来付款。

A通常，B简单地，C真的，根据convenient，可知方便的即是简单的方式，故选B。

（4）句意：这对老年人非常方便。

有了这项新技术，人们可以随身携带卡片。

A老的，B穷的，C聪明的，根据convenient，可知方便的是行动不便的人，故
是老年人，故选A。

（5）句意：有了这项新技术，人们可以不必随身携带卡。

A禁止，B不可能，C不必，此处指有了这项技术，就方便了，故没有必要带着银行卡，故选C。

【总结】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。

最后通读一遍检查验证。

8.完形填空
Many people today read stories about UFOs. But what are UFOs? The most popular explanation for UFOs is that 1 carry visitors coming from other planets. They seem to fly much faster than planes on the earth. The explanation is believed by some UFO scientists. It is even believed that 2 UFOs reached the earth and space visitors were living among us. Sometimes people 3 mistakes when they say they have seen UFOs. They 4 see a weather balloon or a strange plane, or the light they see in the sky comes from the ground. Sometimes they see the moon shining on water vapor(水蒸气) in the air. However, there are a lot of 5 we can't explain. It may take many years to find a clear answer.
1. A. it B. they C. we D. you
2. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
3. A. take B. make C. think D. say
4. A. may B. should C. must D. need
5. A. some B. one C. pieces D. others
【答案】（1）B；（2）B；（3）B；（4）A；（5）D；
【解析】本文介绍了UFO的一些知识和它的未解之谜。

（1）句意：对于不明飞行物最普遍的解释是，它们携带着来自其他行星的访客。

A.it它；
B.they它们；
C.we我们；
D.you你，你们。

此处需用人称代词they指代前文的UFOs。

故选B。

（2）句意：人们甚至相信，一些不明飞行物到达了地球，太空游客生活在我们中间。

A.few几乎没有，后接可数名词复数；B.a few一些，后接可数名词复数；
C.little几乎没有，后接不可数名词；
D.a little一点，后接不可数名词。

根据空后UFOs可知，空处需用few/a few，再结合and space visitors were living among us.可知，此处指一些不明飞行物到达了地球。

故选B。

（3）句意：当人们说他们看到不明飞行物时，有时会犯错误。

A.take带走；B.make 做；C.think思考；D.say说。

make mistakes犯错，固定短语。

故选B。

（4）句意：他们可能看到一个气象气球或一架奇怪的飞机，或者他们在天空中看到的光来自地面。

A.may也许；B.should应该；C.must必须；D.need需要。

此处表示一种不确定的推测，需用情态动词may。

故选A。

（5）句意：然而，还有很多其他的事情我们无法解释。

A.some一些；B.one一个；C.pieces块，片；D.others其它的事情。

根据后一句It may take many years to find a clear answer.可知，此处还有许多其它事情是我们无法解释的。

故选D。

【总结】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文
来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

9.（2020·乐山）阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的三个或四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Do you like exercising in the sun? How much sunlight do you get every day? How much time do you spend in the 1 ? As we all know，enough sunlight is good for our health. It gives us strong bones (骨骼) and good eyesight. It makes us happy and sleep better. Now scientists find out that it can even make you 2 .
Scientists did tests on mice. They give mice lots of sunlight. After that，the mice 3 a special thing named glutamic acid (谷氨酸) in their bodies. Glutamic acid does many things for our body. It can improve some of our abilities such as learning and remembering things.
It is OK to enjoy some sunlight for about an hour every day. But you should be 4 because it is summer now. The sun is very strong around noon. Keep yourself away from the sun around the noon, or it may 5 your skin (皮肤). It is best to enjoy sunlight in the morning or before sunset.
Why not go out and enjoy the 6 with your family or your best friends? I'm sure you can be smarter soon.
1. A. moon B. sun C. night
2. A. smarter B. taller C. thinner
3. A. invent B. find C. produce
4. A. careful B. serious C. clever
5. A. shine B. burn C. dry
6. A. time B. air C. sunlight
【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）A；（5）B；（6）C；
【解析】文章大意：这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述阳光对人的健康有好处，而且让人变得更聪明，但是要注意夏天中午的强烈阳光伤害皮肤。

（1）句意：你在阳光下度过多少时间？moon月亮；sun太阳；night晚上。

根据前文exercising in the sun可知此处用in the sun。

故选B。

（2）句意：现在科学家发现它能使你更聪明。

smarter更聪明的；taller更高；thinner更瘦的。

根据后文I'm sure you can be smarter可知此处讲述的是让人更聪明，用形容词比较级smarter。

故选A。

（3）句意：那之后，老鼠在体内产生了一种叫做谷氨酸的特别的东西。

invent 发明；find找到；produce生产、制造。

此处用动词produce表达老鼠在体内产生谷氨酸。

故选C。

（4）句意：但是你应该小心，因为现在是夏天。

careful小心的；serious严肃的；clever聪明的。

根据because it is summer now. The sun is very strong around noon 可知夏天阳光很强要小心，用形容词careful。

故选A。

（5）句意：让自己远离中午的太阳，否则它可能灼伤你的皮肤。

shine照耀；burn燃烧，灼伤；dry干燥。

根据前文The sun is very strong around noon中午的太阳很强烈，可能会灼伤你的皮肤，可知此处用burn。

故选B。

（6）句意：为什么不出去，和你的家人或朋友享受阳光？time时间；air空气；sunlight阳光。

根据前文讲述enough sunlight is good for our health可知此处用sunlight表示阳光。

故选C。

【总结】考查完形填空题，重点考查考生的语法、词法、理解、综合、背景知识几方面的能力。

完形填空的解法：1. 细读首句、启示全文；2. 通读全文，掌握大意；3. 前后观察，先易后难；4. 上下连贯，合乎逻辑；5. 复核全文，消除疏漏。

10.（2020·张家界）完形填空
Dear Julie,
My name is Ronald. I'm 24 years old, and I'm the manager of a 1 shop. We carry all kinds of cats, dogs, snakes, birds and fish. We even have one snake that is about four meters 2 , but I keep him at home. As for my hobbies, I 3 to fish and ride horses in my free time. My favorite foods are beef, potatoes and apples I like reading novels, 4 I don't enjoy reading poems. I have two brothers. 5 of them are college students. And I have 6 dogs Brutus, Charlie, and Samantha.
I hope to hear 7 you. My address is 15 North Street, New York. Or you can 8 me at 437-8605.
Yours,
Ronald
1. A. fish B. bird C. pet
2. A. long B. tall C. big
3. A. hate B. like C. plan
4. A. and B. but C. so
5. A. Some B. All C. Both
6. A. three B. two C. one
7. A. about B. from C. of
8. A. call B. e-mail C. write
【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）B；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）A；【解析】文章是Ronald向Julie介绍他的一些个人情况，包括兴趣爱好，职业等，最后希望能够收到对方的来信或者电话。

（1）句意：我今年24岁，是一家宠物店的经理。

fish，鱼，bird，鸟，pet，宠物，根据句意理解及后句We carry all kinds of cats, dogs, snakes, birds and fish.店里有各种各样的猫，狗，蛇，鸟和鱼。

可知，这里表达的是“宠物店”，故选C。

（2）句意：我们甚至有一条大约四米长的蛇。

long，长的，tall，高的，big，大的，根据句意理解可知，这里说的是snake，所以应该用long修饰，故选A。

（3）句意：我喜欢在空闲时间钓鱼和骑马。

hate，讨厌，like，喜欢，plan，计划，根据句意理解及前句As for my hobbies可知，这里表达的兴趣爱好，所以应该指的是“喜欢”，故选B。

（4）句意：我喜欢看小说，但我不喜欢读诗歌。

and，和，but，但是，so，所以，根据句意理解可知，I like reading novels.与I don't enjoy reading poems.前后两句表达的是转折关系，英语中表达转折用but，故选B。

（5）句意：他们俩都是大学生。

Some，一些，All，全都，Both，两者都，根据句意理解及前句I have two brothers.可知，这里表达的是“两者都”，故选C。

（6）句意：我有三条狗布鲁特斯，查理和萨曼莎。

three，三，two，二，one 一，根据句意理解及空格后面的Brutus, Charlie, and Samantha可知，一共是三条。