现在分词和过去分词(知识梳理)

现在分词和过去分词

真题再现

1.Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way____ the sun and the stars.

A. used

B. having used

C. using

D. use

2. In recent years an English word "infosphere" has appeared, _______the sense of “information” and "atmosphere".

A. combine

B. combined

C. combining

D. being combined

3. The park was full of people _________ themselves in the sunshine

A. having enjoyed

B. enjoyed

C. enjoying

D. to enjoy

4. ______ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.

A. To work

B. Worked

C. To be working

D. Having worked

5. Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it _______ live is quite another.

A. perform

B. performing

C. to perform

D. being performed

6. ____ in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.

A. Being raised

B. Raising

C. Raised

D. To raise

7. ______in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.

A. To absorb

B. To be absorbed

C. Absorbed

D. Absorbing

8. Little Tom sat watching the monkey dancing in front of him.

A. amaze

B. amazing

C. amazed

D. to amaze

9. Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother _______ good care of at home.

A. taking

B. taken

C. take

D. be taken

10. Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands.

A. to leave

B. leaving

C. leave

D. left

11. If ___for the job, you’ll be informed soon.

A .to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted

12.Much time ________ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.

A. being spent

B. having spent

C. spent

D. spending

13. When the clerk saw a kind of face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, _________ whether to stay or leave.

A. wondering

B. wonder

C. to wonder

D. wondered

答案与解析：

1. C。句意：像古代的水手一样，鸟儿们能够利用太阳和星星发现他们的行程。birds和use 之间是主动关系，故D正确。

2. C。现在分词表示主动的关系，而过去分词通常表示被动的关系。根据该句意思：最近几

年，一个叫做infosphere的英语单词出现了，结合了“信息”和“气氛”这两个单词。这里的结合与前面新出现的单词的关系是主动的，故选C。

3. C。本题考查非谓语动词作定语，对于people来说是“主动享受”，而且和there be的状态同步进行，选现在分词作定语。

4. D。句意：工作了两天，Steve成功地按时完成了他的报告。句中的逻辑主语为Steve，与work之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，又因为强调已经工作两天了，所以用现在分词的完成式having worked，表示动作的先后性。故选D。

5. D。句意：在家里面听音乐是一回事，去到现场听又是另一回事。hear sb/sth doing 听到某人某物做某事。由于音乐是被演奏的，所以需要被动，所以选D。

6. C。句子主语he和raise（及物动词，抚养）之间是被动关系，A表被动、进行，C被动完成。故C正确。

7. C。本题考查的是过去分词的用法。句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到傍晚来临了。短语be absorbed in全神贯注于，在句中作状语表状态，be省略。故选C。

8. C。句意：小Tom坐在那儿看猴子在他面前跳舞，感到无比惊讶。过去分词变成的形容词在句子作状语，表示状态。过去分词表示人的感觉，所以选C。

9. B。考查非谓语动词的过去分词的用法，his mother和take care of 是被动关系，用过去分词做宾语不足语。

10. D。句意：如果电子游戏落入一个错误的人手中就能够产生一个不良影响。

11.D。句意：如果录用你了，我们将很快通知你。根据选项可知本题考查非谓语动词。本题非谓语动词的主语为“you”，根据题意得知，与选项“accept”构成被动关系，因此选择“accepted”。

12. C。本题考查过去分词做定语，spend和time之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。

13. A。句意：当店员看到一张漂亮的脸上挤出一副抱歉的笑容时，她像扎根似的定在了那里，想着是去是留。此句的谓语动词是stood，所以wonder在此用ing形式作一个伴随状语。故选A。

知识讲解

现在分词的时态

过去分词没有时态形式的变化，此处只讲现在分词的时态形式。

一般式：doing

完成式: having done

完成被动式：having been done

现在分词一般式表示动作与谓语动作同时发生，或在谓语动词所表示的动作之前或后发生。Working together with Dr. Bethune, we learnt a lot from him.

Knowing that they were going abroad next week, they began to make preparations.

He came up to me，saying “Glad to see you again.”

现在分词完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，常常用作状语，表示时间或原因。Having done his homework, the schoolboy began to write his diary. (having done his homework