名词性从句中的虚拟语气
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18
3). 从句的动作发生在主句动作之后 (可以 理解成与将来事实相反)
He coughed (咳嗽) twice as if someone would come. 他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。
19
（四） 宁愿，但愿
would rather
宁愿，但愿
sb did … 与现在或将来
情况相反
sb had done … 与过去情况相反
We suggested _(_th__a_t)_T__o_m__h_a_v_e_a__r_es_t. He insisted _(t_h_a_t_)_I_(_s_h_o_u_ld__)_g_o__w_i_th__h_i_m_ . They requested (that) Tom _(_s_h_o_u_l_d_)_b_e_s_e_n_t_t_o_w__o_r_k_t_h_e_r_e_______ .
1. The teacher suggested that we _(s_h__o_u_l_d_)__p_r_a_c_tise
(practise) more after class.
2. Her pale face suggests that she __is___ (be) ill today.
28
I would rather you returned me my money now. I would rather you came tomorrow. I would rather we hadn’t told her the bad news.
20
(五) It is (high / about ) time (that) “是时候…... (做某事)”
as if / as though
• When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken.
• The dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.
that不可省略
• She made a request that the doctor(should)be sent for at once.
• The teacher gives us a suggestion that we (should) practise reading English everyday.
sb did 现在
sb should do 将来
注意: should不能省略．
21
• 是时候采取措施来保护环境了。 • It is ( high / about ) time that we
took / should take measures to protect the environment. • 你该走了。 • It’s (high / about) time that you went / should go.
The subjunctive mood 虚拟语气
1
虚拟语气的常考形式：
1. 名词性从句 2. 固定句式 3. 可用可不用虚拟语气的情况
2
一 .名词性从句中的虚拟语气 一坚持
二命令
四建议
五要求
3
名词性从句中的虚拟语气 insist
order / command
♥
should do!
should do!
but for
12
• If it were not for lacking money, I would go travelling right now.
= Wbeuret fitonrot for lacking money, …
• If it had not been for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work yesterday.
required / demanded … that … (should) do that不可省略
• It is suggested that we (should) practise reading English everyday.
7
(二).表语从句
• The / One’s insistence / order / command / suggestion / advice / proposal / recommendation / request / requirement / demand / desire is / was that … (should) do
22
（六）. 在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此 等意义的固定句式中常使用虚拟语气
It’s necessary / strange / natural (自然的, 理应 如此的) / important … + that sb (should) do
23
1). It is important that we _(_s_h__o_u_ld__)_m__a_s_te_r_ ( master 精通 ) a foreign language. 2). 真奇怪，她竟然拒绝来参加party。 It’s _s_tr_a_n_g_e_ that she __(s_h_o_u_l_d_)_r_e_fu_s_e__ to
4“要求” ask, demand, require, request, desire
+ (that) sb (should) do ... 或是 (that) sb / sth (should) be done
宾语从句
5
我们建议Tom 去休息一下。 他坚持要我与他同行。 他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。 老师要求作业要及时完成。
• We are in favor of the advice that the factory
(should) be closed down. 同位语从句
10
11
二. 虚拟语气特殊句型与固定句式
(一) 两个常考虚拟语气句型
—— 要不是…… (固定句式)
If it weren’t for…… 与现在事实相反 If it hadn’t been for…… 与过去事实相反
The man in prison insisted that he _h_a_d_d_o_n_e(do)nothing and _s_h_o_u_ld_b_e_( be) set free. The patient insisted that he __w_a_sn_’t__(not be)ill and __s_h_o_ul_d_n’_t _be__ (not be) sent to the hospital.
only if
只要……就，只有…才
Only if a teacher has given
引导的从句位于句首， 主句倒装！倒装！
permission is a student allowed to enter the room.
14
（三）犹如，好像，仿佛as if / as though
♥假设情况非事实时，用虚拟语气。 ♥若从句表示内容为事实或很可能是事实，用陈述语气：
15
As if来自百度文库/as though在虚拟语气中的用法
sb did （were） … 现在
as if / as though sb had done … 过去
sb would /could do… 将来
should
与 wish 的宾语从句相似
16
1). 从句的动作与主句动作同时发生 (可以 理解成与现在事实相反)
come to the party. 3). 鸟在树上安歇 / 休息是很自然的。 It is _n_a_tu_r_a_l that a bird _(_s_h_o_u_ld_)__re_s_t____ in
trees.
24
三. 可用可不用虚拟语气的情况
1. if 2. insist, suggest 3. as if/though
29
1. 判断是否虚拟 2. 判断虚拟类型
3. 判断虚拟时间
30
Exercise
31
1. I advised that you ___ the job as soon as possible .
A finished B finishing
C to finish D finish
27
• suggest : “建议”用虚拟语气，即should do; • suggest : “表明、暗示”用陈述语气
He suggests we should go at once.
他提议我们马上出发.
Her expression suggested she was very angry. 她脸上的表情显示她生气了.
that不可省略
The suggestion given by our teacher is that we (should) practise reading English everyday.
8
(三）.同位语从句
a / the suggestion / request (等) that … (should) do …
= Habduitt fnoort been for your help , …
13
（二）If only … ! 要是……就好了 与 wish 的宾语从句相似
If only I were a bird! If only we had followed your advice! If only she would go with me!
It looks as if we will be late.
试比较：
He walks as if he is drunk. He walks as if he were drunk.
他真的醉了。 他没有醉。
It looks as if it is going to rain. 快要下雨了。 It looks as if it were going to rain. 不会下雨。
suggest / advise / propose / recommend should do!
♥ desire / demand / request / require / ask 4
1“坚持” insist
2“命令” order, command
3“建议” advise, suggest, propose, recommend
He behaves as if he_o_w_n_e_d_(own) the house. He behaves as if he _w_e_r_e__ (be) the owner of the house.
17
2). 从句的动作发生在主句动作之前 (可以 理解成与过去事实相反)
She talked about Rome as though she __h_a_d_b_e_e_n__ (be) there herself.
The teacher asked (that) our homework __(_sh__o_u_ld_)__b_e_f_in_i_s_h_e_d_i_n_t_i_m_e_________ . 6
这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用should do
(一). 主语从句
It is ordered / commanded / suggested / advised / requested /
25
insist / suggest 各有两种意思，用不同的语气
26
insist : “坚决/持要求做某事”用虚拟语气 should do;
insist : “坚持认为, 坚持说”用陈述语气
He insisted that I had read his letter.
他坚持说我看过他的信。
He insisted that I should read his letter. 他坚持要我看他的信。
9
• It’s suggested that the plan (should) be carried out at once . 主语从句
• The old woman’s demand is that her son (should) come to see her once a week. 表语从句
3). 从句的动作发生在主句动作之后 (可以 理解成与将来事实相反)
He coughed (咳嗽) twice as if someone would come. 他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。
19
（四） 宁愿，但愿
would rather
宁愿，但愿
sb did … 与现在或将来
情况相反
sb had done … 与过去情况相反
We suggested _(_th__a_t)_T__o_m__h_a_v_e_a__r_es_t. He insisted _(t_h_a_t_)_I_(_s_h_o_u_ld__)_g_o__w_i_th__h_i_m_ . They requested (that) Tom _(_s_h_o_u_l_d_)_b_e_s_e_n_t_t_o_w__o_r_k_t_h_e_r_e_______ .
1. The teacher suggested that we _(s_h__o_u_l_d_)__p_r_a_c_tise
(practise) more after class.
2. Her pale face suggests that she __is___ (be) ill today.
28
I would rather you returned me my money now. I would rather you came tomorrow. I would rather we hadn’t told her the bad news.
20
(五) It is (high / about ) time (that) “是时候…... (做某事)”
as if / as though
• When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken.
• The dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.
that不可省略
• She made a request that the doctor(should)be sent for at once.
• The teacher gives us a suggestion that we (should) practise reading English everyday.
sb did 现在
sb should do 将来
注意: should不能省略．
21
• 是时候采取措施来保护环境了。 • It is ( high / about ) time that we
took / should take measures to protect the environment. • 你该走了。 • It’s (high / about) time that you went / should go.
The subjunctive mood 虚拟语气
1
虚拟语气的常考形式：
1. 名词性从句 2. 固定句式 3. 可用可不用虚拟语气的情况
2
一 .名词性从句中的虚拟语气 一坚持
二命令
四建议
五要求
3
名词性从句中的虚拟语气 insist
order / command
♥
should do!
should do!
but for
12
• If it were not for lacking money, I would go travelling right now.
= Wbeuret fitonrot for lacking money, …
• If it had not been for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work yesterday.
required / demanded … that … (should) do that不可省略
• It is suggested that we (should) practise reading English everyday.
7
(二).表语从句
• The / One’s insistence / order / command / suggestion / advice / proposal / recommendation / request / requirement / demand / desire is / was that … (should) do
22
（六）. 在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此 等意义的固定句式中常使用虚拟语气
It’s necessary / strange / natural (自然的, 理应 如此的) / important … + that sb (should) do
23
1). It is important that we _(_s_h__o_u_ld__)_m__a_s_te_r_ ( master 精通 ) a foreign language. 2). 真奇怪，她竟然拒绝来参加party。 It’s _s_tr_a_n_g_e_ that she __(s_h_o_u_l_d_)_r_e_fu_s_e__ to
4“要求” ask, demand, require, request, desire
+ (that) sb (should) do ... 或是 (that) sb / sth (should) be done
宾语从句
5
我们建议Tom 去休息一下。 他坚持要我与他同行。 他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。 老师要求作业要及时完成。
• We are in favor of the advice that the factory
(should) be closed down. 同位语从句
10
11
二. 虚拟语气特殊句型与固定句式
(一) 两个常考虚拟语气句型
—— 要不是…… (固定句式)
If it weren’t for…… 与现在事实相反 If it hadn’t been for…… 与过去事实相反
The man in prison insisted that he _h_a_d_d_o_n_e(do)nothing and _s_h_o_u_ld_b_e_( be) set free. The patient insisted that he __w_a_sn_’t__(not be)ill and __s_h_o_ul_d_n’_t _be__ (not be) sent to the hospital.
only if
只要……就，只有…才
Only if a teacher has given
引导的从句位于句首， 主句倒装！倒装！
permission is a student allowed to enter the room.
14
（三）犹如，好像，仿佛as if / as though
♥假设情况非事实时，用虚拟语气。 ♥若从句表示内容为事实或很可能是事实，用陈述语气：
15
As if来自百度文库/as though在虚拟语气中的用法
sb did （were） … 现在
as if / as though sb had done … 过去
sb would /could do… 将来
should
与 wish 的宾语从句相似
16
1). 从句的动作与主句动作同时发生 (可以 理解成与现在事实相反)
come to the party. 3). 鸟在树上安歇 / 休息是很自然的。 It is _n_a_tu_r_a_l that a bird _(_s_h_o_u_ld_)__re_s_t____ in
trees.
24
三. 可用可不用虚拟语气的情况
1. if 2. insist, suggest 3. as if/though
29
1. 判断是否虚拟 2. 判断虚拟类型
3. 判断虚拟时间
30
Exercise
31
1. I advised that you ___ the job as soon as possible .
A finished B finishing
C to finish D finish
27
• suggest : “建议”用虚拟语气，即should do; • suggest : “表明、暗示”用陈述语气
He suggests we should go at once.
他提议我们马上出发.
Her expression suggested she was very angry. 她脸上的表情显示她生气了.
that不可省略
The suggestion given by our teacher is that we (should) practise reading English everyday.
8
(三）.同位语从句
a / the suggestion / request (等) that … (should) do …
= Habduitt fnoort been for your help , …
13
（二）If only … ! 要是……就好了 与 wish 的宾语从句相似
If only I were a bird! If only we had followed your advice! If only she would go with me!
It looks as if we will be late.
试比较：
He walks as if he is drunk. He walks as if he were drunk.
他真的醉了。 他没有醉。
It looks as if it is going to rain. 快要下雨了。 It looks as if it were going to rain. 不会下雨。
suggest / advise / propose / recommend should do!
♥ desire / demand / request / require / ask 4
1“坚持” insist
2“命令” order, command
3“建议” advise, suggest, propose, recommend
He behaves as if he_o_w_n_e_d_(own) the house. He behaves as if he _w_e_r_e__ (be) the owner of the house.
17
2). 从句的动作发生在主句动作之前 (可以 理解成与过去事实相反)
She talked about Rome as though she __h_a_d_b_e_e_n__ (be) there herself.
The teacher asked (that) our homework __(_sh__o_u_ld_)__b_e_f_in_i_s_h_e_d_i_n_t_i_m_e_________ . 6
这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用should do
(一). 主语从句
It is ordered / commanded / suggested / advised / requested /
25
insist / suggest 各有两种意思，用不同的语气
26
insist : “坚决/持要求做某事”用虚拟语气 should do;
insist : “坚持认为, 坚持说”用陈述语气
He insisted that I had read his letter.
他坚持说我看过他的信。
He insisted that I should read his letter. 他坚持要我看他的信。
9
• It’s suggested that the plan (should) be carried out at once . 主语从句
• The old woman’s demand is that her son (should) come to see her once a week. 表语从句