铝合金表面处理应用要点

材料科学课程论文

铝合金表面处理国内外研究应用现状The Domestic and Foreign Current Situation of the Research and Application on Surface Treatment Technology of Aluminum

Alloys

学院名称：材料科学与工程学院

专业班级：复合材料1101班

学号： 3110706012

学生姓名：陈青华

指导教师姓名：张松利

2014年6月

铝合金表面处理国内外研究应用现状

复合1101班陈青华 3110706012

摘要：本文全面介绍了国内外铝合金在建筑、汽车、航空航天等行业的应用及研究进展。主要阐述了铝合金表面处理方法的目的、表面处理的机理及分类、影响表面处理质量的工艺参数、现代表面分析技术等。并对近年来国内外应用广泛、技术成熟的一些表面处理技术的优缺点进行了分析，并展望了该领域研究的发展趋势。

关键词：铝合金、表面处理、应用、发展趋势

The Domestic and Foreign Current Situation of the Research and Application on Surface Treatment Technology of Aluminum

Alloys

Composite Material Science and Engineering Chen Qinghua 3110706012 Abstract:Application of aluminum alloy is briefly described in construction industry, auto mobile industry,and aviation industry totally.The development of adhesive bonding at domestic and foreign countries is introduced.Then,the purpose,mechanics,classification of surface treatment of aluminum alloy used in bonding structure is reviewed.At the same time,the parameters of the surface treatment which affect the surface quality and the methods of modern surface analysis are introduced too.Meanwhile,the popular and most sophisticated technology in aviation industry,the characteristic and applications of phosphoric acid anodization are also discussed.At last,the trend in this filed is presented.

Key words: Aluminum alloy、Surface treatment、Application、The trend

目录

1 引言-------------------------------------------------------------- 1

2 铝合金阳极氧化---------------------------------------------------- 2

2.1 前处理------------------------------------------------------ 2

2.1.1 机械处理----------------------------------------------- 2

2.1.2 化学清洗----------------------------------------------- 2

2.1.3 碱浸蚀------------------------------------------------- 3

2.1.4 化学抛光----------------------------------------------- 3

2.1.5 电化学抛光--------------------------------------------- 4

2.2 阳极氧化---------------------------------------------------- 5

2.2.1 硫酸阳极氧化------------------------------------------- 5

2.2.2 草酸和铬酸阳极氧化------------------------------------- 5

2.2.3 硬质阳极氧化------------------------------------------- 6

2.2.4 阳极氧化膜的厚度控制----------------------------------- 6

2.3 铝阳极氧化膜的着色和染色------------------------------------ 7

2.3.1 自然发色----------------------------------------------- 7

2.3.2 电解着色----------------------------------------------- 7

2.4 阳极氧化膜的封闭-------------------------------------------- 8

2.4.1 热水封闭----------------------------------------------- 8

2.4.2 低温封闭----------------------------------------------- 8

2.4.3 中温封闭----------------------------------------------- 8

2.4.4 其它封闭----------------------------------------------- 8

3 铝合金化学氧化---------------------------------------------------- 9

3. 1 磷化工艺(Alodine 法) --------------------------------------- 9

3.2 钝化工艺---------------------------------------------------- 9

4 铝合金的电镀和化学镀---------------------------------------------- 9

4.1 铝合金的电镀工艺-------------------------------------------- 9

4.2 铝合金的化学镀工艺----------------------------------------- 10

5 铝合金的微弧氧化和激光熔覆技术----------------------------------- 10

5.1 铝合金的微弧氧化------------------------------------------- 10

5.2 铝合金的激光熔覆技术--------------------------------------- 11

6 结语------------------------------------------------------------- 11

7 参考文献--------------------------------------------------------- 12