《话语分析》书评
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Chapter 1 基本概念 Chapter 2 话语分析中的语境 1理解语境的基本方法：reference, presupposition, implicature and inference. 2情境语境的特征： Hymes的分类： addressor and addressee, topic, setting, channel(如语言，击鼓，鸣号，摇旗), code（语码，如用了什么样 的语言、方言或使用了什么样的语体风格, message-form， （交 际形式，如聊天、辩论、布道、十四行诗情书等）and event（事 件） 3可以帮助理解话语情境的两个原则：local interpretation principle（就近原则） analogy principle（类比原则） e.g. The baby cried. The mommy picked it up. Analogy principle: If the analyst has experienced a lot data of a particular kind, he will feel more confident in his interpretation because he can make a comparison.
.
The structure of the book
Chapter 1: introduction 2 functions of language: transactional(信息性)和 interactional(互动性) transactional 用来表达命题和传达信息，interactional 用 于建立和维持社会关系。 the difference between spoken discourse and the written one the difference between sentence and utterance
3 Since attempting to define topic with focus on the content of a text is a difficult task, we could look at the form, concentrate on topic-shift to define topic, which, in fact are topic boundary markers.
Discourse Analysis
by Gillian Brown & George Yule
The important definition
What is discourse analysis? According to this book: the analysgmatic approach to DA The discourse analyst has to consider context.
.
Chapter 3 话题与话语内容的表现 1 In this chapter the author tries to explore some recent attempts to construct a theoretical notion of “topic”.
2 Discourse topic is proposed by Keenan and Schieffelin. They think that there must be a single proposition (expressed as a phrase or sentence) which represents the discourse topic of the whole of the fragment.
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Chapter 4 视角和话语结构的表现 1 Discourse is presented in line structure. The speaker has to choose a starting point. This starting point will influence the hearer’s latter understanding. 2 Thematisation（主位化） refers to the linear organization of texts. 3 Each simple sentence has a theme-the starting point of the structure and a rheme, everything else that follows in the sentence 4 Theme is usually the left-most constituent in the sentence. 5 We find theme used sometimes to refer to the grammatical subjects of a series of sentences as in a remark by Katz. But theme is not the grammatical subject. 6 Stagging (视角)often involves natural order（自然顺序） and point of view（视点） Natural order is for the presentation of a narrative sequence of events.
.
General impression about the book
This book introduces the different approaches to discourse analysis . This book can help learners have a comprehensive view about this subject. The corpora included in this book covers recording, notice, letter, novel and newspaper articles. my view: It is not that difficult to understand because it deals with the basic concepts, the common approaches, but efforts are still needed in order to fully understand it.
.
How to interpret discourse? Readers can base their interpretation of the writer’s intended meaning on: 1 local interpretation and general features of context discussed in Chapter 2, 2 the regularities of discourse structure outlined in Chapter 3 and 4, 3 the regular features of information structure organization detailed in Chapter5, 4 reference, coherence in Chapter6&7.
Chapter 1 基本概念 Chapter 2 话语分析中的语境 1理解语境的基本方法：reference, presupposition, implicature and inference. 2情境语境的特征： Hymes的分类： addressor and addressee, topic, setting, channel(如语言，击鼓，鸣号，摇旗), code（语码，如用了什么样 的语言、方言或使用了什么样的语体风格, message-form， （交 际形式，如聊天、辩论、布道、十四行诗情书等）and event（事 件） 3可以帮助理解话语情境的两个原则：local interpretation principle（就近原则） analogy principle（类比原则） e.g. The baby cried. The mommy picked it up. Analogy principle: If the analyst has experienced a lot data of a particular kind, he will feel more confident in his interpretation because he can make a comparison.
.
The structure of the book
Chapter 1: introduction 2 functions of language: transactional(信息性)和 interactional(互动性) transactional 用来表达命题和传达信息，interactional 用 于建立和维持社会关系。 the difference between spoken discourse and the written one the difference between sentence and utterance
3 Since attempting to define topic with focus on the content of a text is a difficult task, we could look at the form, concentrate on topic-shift to define topic, which, in fact are topic boundary markers.
Discourse Analysis
by Gillian Brown & George Yule
The important definition
What is discourse analysis? According to this book: the analysgmatic approach to DA The discourse analyst has to consider context.
.
Chapter 3 话题与话语内容的表现 1 In this chapter the author tries to explore some recent attempts to construct a theoretical notion of “topic”.
2 Discourse topic is proposed by Keenan and Schieffelin. They think that there must be a single proposition (expressed as a phrase or sentence) which represents the discourse topic of the whole of the fragment.
.
Chapter 4 视角和话语结构的表现 1 Discourse is presented in line structure. The speaker has to choose a starting point. This starting point will influence the hearer’s latter understanding. 2 Thematisation（主位化） refers to the linear organization of texts. 3 Each simple sentence has a theme-the starting point of the structure and a rheme, everything else that follows in the sentence 4 Theme is usually the left-most constituent in the sentence. 5 We find theme used sometimes to refer to the grammatical subjects of a series of sentences as in a remark by Katz. But theme is not the grammatical subject. 6 Stagging (视角)often involves natural order（自然顺序） and point of view（视点） Natural order is for the presentation of a narrative sequence of events.
.
General impression about the book
This book introduces the different approaches to discourse analysis . This book can help learners have a comprehensive view about this subject. The corpora included in this book covers recording, notice, letter, novel and newspaper articles. my view: It is not that difficult to understand because it deals with the basic concepts, the common approaches, but efforts are still needed in order to fully understand it.
.
How to interpret discourse? Readers can base their interpretation of the writer’s intended meaning on: 1 local interpretation and general features of context discussed in Chapter 2, 2 the regularities of discourse structure outlined in Chapter 3 and 4, 3 the regular features of information structure organization detailed in Chapter5, 4 reference, coherence in Chapter6&7.