高中英语动名词的讲解

动名词
动名词由动词原形+ing构成。

它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征。

动名词也有时态和语态的变化，不及物动词没有语态的变化，以及物动词write为例。

时态/语态主动被动
一般式__________ __________________
完成式__________ __________________
一、动名词作主语
1. Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南方与北方开战了。

2. In some cultures, receiving money can make people uncomfortable.
3．Spending time with family and friends is very important to us.
4 .It is no use crying over spilt milk.
5. It is of little good staying up too late every day.
6. It was a waste of time reading that book.
7. It is a lot of fun meeting you.
8 .Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her?
9.________________(找到工作) is difficult these days.
10._____________________ (请求帮助)is a very common and necessary activity.
11._________________(知道) how to ask for information politely is important.
二、作宾语
1)、只带动名词作宾语的动词和短语：admit 承认, deny 否认, consider认为, appreciate 感激,
avoid 避免finish , complete完成, delay 耽误, dislike , enjoy , miss 想念, escape 逃脱, imagine 想象, mind 介意,practice 训练,
recall 回忆, resist 抵抗, risk 冒险, suggest, advise , face 面对, include 包括, stand 忍受,understand 理解,forgive 宽恕, keep 继续，burst out…, end up…
give up…feel like…insist on…look forward to…put off…devote sth. to…be busy in …have trouble/difficulty in … object to… get down to… be /get used to…
turn to...prefer doing to…set about …be addicted to...
1. Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
2. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.
这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。

3. Everyone burst out _______________(笑)。

4.He has given up _________________(吸烟)。

5.He admitted ______________________(打破了)the window.
6. We suggest __________________________________(用不同的方法做这件事)。

2）、有些动词后接动名词和不定式作宾语时，意义不同。

1. stop to do停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。

stop doing停止正在做的事。

1). 他们停下来，抽了根烟。

_______________________________________
2). 我必须戒烟了。

_______________________________________
3). She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. to have rested
B. resting
C. to rest
D. rest
2. go on to do做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。

go on doing继续做原来做的事。

After he had finished his maths，_______________________________________
做完数学后，他接着去做物理。

______________________________after you have finished this one.
作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习
3 . forget to d o忘记要去做某事。

(未做) remember to do 记得去做某事(未做)
forget doing忘记做过某事。

(已做) remember doing记得做过某事(已做)
1.) The light in the office is still on. ______________________________________
办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。

(没有关灯)
2). ______________________________________________
他忘记他已经关了灯了。

( 已做过关灯的动作)
3. _________________________________________________
别忘了明天来。

(to come动作未做)
4). ---- The light in the office is still on. ---- Oh, I forgot___.
A. turning it off
B. turn it off
C. to turn it off
D. having turned it off
5) . ______________________________________________________
记着放学后去趟邮局。

6.) _______________________________________________________
你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
4 . regret to do对要做的事遗憾。

(未做)
regret doing/having done对做过的事遗憾、后悔。

(已做)
___________________________________ but I have no choice.
我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。

______________________________________________________
我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。

---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
---Well, now I regret ___ that.
A. to do
B. to be doing
C.to have done
D.having done
5. mean to do打算、想mean doing意味着
_____________________________________but my father would not allow me to.
我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。

To raise wage means _______________________________________
增加工资意味着增加购买力。

(purchasing power)
6. try to do努力，企图做某事。

try doing试验，试着做某事。

You must try ________________________________________你可要多加小心。

I tried _______________________________________ but didn't succeed.
我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。

7. be afraid to do不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为"怕"；
be afraid of doing担心出现doing的状况、结果。

doing 是客观上造成的，意为"生怕，恐怕"。

She was afraid _____________________ in grass because she was afraid ______________________ by
a snake.
她生怕被蛇咬着，而不敢在草丛中再走一步。

她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。

____________________________________________________
她生怕吵醒她丈夫。

_______________________________________________________
8. can’t help to do 不能帮忙做can’t help doing 情不自禁地做
Sorry, I am busy now . _________________________________(不能帮忙打扫房间。

)
他情不自禁地笑了。

________________________________________________
9. sth. be used to do _________________________
Sb. be used to doing…_________________________
used to do _______________________________
他习惯于早起。

他过去常常早起。

这个闹钟用来叫醒他。

________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________
3) 动词allow, forbid, permit advise , recommend …接动名词作宾语，但接不定式作宾补。

我们这儿不许抽烟。

___________________________________________________
我们这儿不许学生抽烟。

______________________________________________
4) 动词need, require, want 表“需要”，deserve“值得”时,
The window needs cleaning. = The window needs _________________
She deserves to be praised.= She deserves ___________________________
5) be worth doing be worthy to be done be worthy of being done
It is worthwhile to do sth
1.The place is worth visiting / is worthy to be visited / is worthy of being visited.
2. 值得邀请他加入俱乐部。

________________________________________________
3. The question is not worth(讨论) ___________________________________________
4. The question is not worthy ________________________________________________
5. It is not worthwhile ____________________________________________________
6)介词后接动名词作宾语
They are thinking of moving to American. What do you mean by saying that?
Upon arriving at the airport , he delivered an important speech.
三、作表语，对主语说明、解释。

1. 她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。

________________________________________________________________ 比较：She is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.
四、作定语，一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。

例如：
a writing desk=a desk for writing 写字台living /dining/reading/ waiting room
a swimming pool washing machine shopping basket walking stick
动名词的时态、被动语态
1.He came into the room without _______________(see)
2.It is fun _____________(take ) to the zoo.
3.Nobody likes ___________________(make fun of ) in public places.
4.The problem is far from _______________(settle)
5.I am sorry for __________________(waste) so much of your time.
6.After ___________________(have ) a year’s practice , he decided to make another affort.
动名词的复合结构
动名词之前有时要加上自己的逻辑主语构成复合结构，逻辑主语用名词的所有格或物主代词，有时也用名词或宾格代词。

I appreciate your helping me.
Do you mind me/ my opening the door？
I can’t imagine George sailing across the ocean in a boat.
George’s sailing across the ocean in a boat surprised all of us.
My coming late made him unhappy.
一．选择
1. My wife suggested ______ to Scotland for a holiday, but I favor _ to visit Wales instead.
a. to go
b. going
c. gone
d. go
2. ______ mathematical concepts of some students was very difficult because the students did not have a
math background.
a. Explain
b. Explaining
c. Have explained
d. Having explained 。

3 The father advise ______ the second-hand car.
a. his son to not buy
b. his son not to buy
c. his son’s no buying
d. that his son not to buy
4. Students from the south prefer _______.
a. eat rice than bread
b. eating rice than bread
c. eating rice to eating bread
d. eating rice to eat
bread
5. Before the invention of aero-planes, ______ in the sky like a bird was only a dream.
a. men fly
b. man to fly
c. man flying
d. man flies
6 .At last they succeeded ______ the job.
a. to persuade him to take
b. in persuading him to take
c. to persuade him taking d . in persuading him taking
7..Another feature worth ______ is the role of information throughout a feedback control system. a.
noticed b. noticing c. being noticed d. notice
8.There’s one thing I dislike about him: he will never admit ______ a mistake.
a. having made
b. making
c. being made
d. have been made
9.Stan spent half a year ______ material for his new book.
a. to collect
b. collect
c. collecting
d. collected
10.It’s no use ______ me not to worry.
a. you tell
b. your telling
c. for you to have told
d. having told
11.The match was cancelled because most of the members ______ a match without a standard court.
a. objected to having
b. objected to have
c. were objected to have
d. were objected to having
12.The teacher doesn’t permit ______ in class.
a. smoke
b. smoking
c. to smoke
d. to have smoke
13 .I like watching TV ______ to the cinema.
a. more than to go
b. more than going
c. than going
d. rather than to go
14 .He felt lonely at first, but after a time he got ______ alone and even got to like it.
a. used to living
b. used to live
c. using to live
d. to be used to living
15.All of us are looking forward to ______ a trip to the Ming Tombs.
a. make
b. making
c. to making
d. have made
16.Withou t the sun’s light ______ the earth’s surface, it would be so cold that life could not exist on the earth.
a. warms
b. warmed
c. warming
d. to warm
17.It is really quite extraordinary that we should have been at the same college without ______ before.
a. met
b. being met
c. having met
d. having been met
18.It is certain that men will never stop ______ new energy sources to power their growing industry. a.
finding b. to find c. having found d. found
19.While she was shopping, she kept ______ the list to make sure she hadn’t forgotten anything.
a. checked
b. checking
c. to check
d. check
20 .She felt bad for ______ a chance to study abroad.
a. having not given
b. not having given
c. having not been given
d. not having been given
21.You should really avoid ______ at home alone as he is old and ill.
a. your father stay
b. your father to stay
c. your father’s staying
d. your father who stays
22.John didn’t want to risk ______ wet as he had only one suit.
a. getting
b. to get
c. being got
d. to be gotten
23.I’m disappointed with the new officers elected in our club, but there is no point _______ about it. a. to
worry b. in worrying c. with us worrying d. if we worry
24.You should remember ______ from the point when you are writing a composition.
a. don’t wander
b. not to wander
c. no wandering
d. not wander
25.Induction means ______ a general conclusion from special facts.
a. to come to
b. to coming
c. coming to
d. came
26.It won’t be any use ______ to borrow any more money.
a. you to try
b. of your trying
c. trying you
d. your trying
27.The law requires all cars _______ for safety and efficiency.
a. being tested regularly
b. to be regularly tested
c. be regularly tested
d. regularly tested
28.I remember ______ to the zoo by my father when I was little.
a. being taken
b. taking
c. have been taken
d. to have taken
29.I completely forgot ______ the front door last night and feel fortunate that nothing is stolen.
a. locking
b. being locked
c. to lock
d. to have locked
30.I regret ______ you that your application has been refused.
a. informing
b. being informed
c. to be informed
d. to inform
二、完成句子
1.He thinks ____________________is a great way to learn a language.（learn）
他认为学习语法是学语言的好方法。

2.Now I am enjoying __________________________.（learn）
我现在喜欢学习语法。

3. Her hobby is _______________________________________________.(collection)
她的爱好是收集鞋子。

4. ____________ makes a person wise. (read)
读书使人明智。

5. The boy likes ___________________________.(play)
这个男孩喜欢踢足球。

6. There is ____________________in my yard. (swim)
我的院子里有一个游泳池。

7. How about _______________________? (go)
我们去购物，怎么样？
8. Do you mind ___________________________? (sit)
你介意我坐在这里吗？
9.For your next vacation ,why not __________________________ Paris?(consider)
你的下一个假日，何不考虑参观巴黎？
10. Paris is well worth ______________________.(visit)
巴黎很值得参观。

11.I remember . (give)
我记得把信给他了。

12.I regret . (follow)
我真后悔听了你的建议。

13.Never mind. in another way. (try)
没关系，试试用另一种方法做。

14.Catching the first bus means . (get)
赶上头班车就意味着要早起。

15. It is no good .(tell)
说谎时没有好处的。

16. I’m sorry for ____________________________ waiting so long. .(keep)
对不起，让你久等了。

17. ___________________________ surprised us all.
他通过了考试令我们惊讶。

18. ____________________________ helps me keep healthy.
我每天散步使我保持健康。

19._______________________ again made the teacher angry. ( come)
他又来迟了使老师生气了。

20.My camera needs _______________________.(repair)我的相机需要修。

随堂检测
完成句子满分20分得分__________
1.Having good table manners means ___________________________________.(know)
好的餐桌礼仪意味着知道如何使用刀叉.
2.The visiting expert preferred giving lecturers to students______________________
to meetings at times.(invite)
来访的专家喜欢给学生作报告，而不喜欢时常被邀请参加会议。

3.I forgot __________________________because I was really occupied with the
work.(advance)
因为我忙于工作，忘记了提前提醒你。

4.I think it difficult to _______________________________,because there are too
many.(remember)
单词太多，我想很难记住所有的单词。

5._________________(一返回), they were praised as national heroes.(on)
6.When I was passing the church , I heard the clock ____________________________.
(strike)我经过教堂的时候，听见钟敲响了12 下。

7.Robert is indeed a wise man. How often I have regretted ___________________________.
(take) Robert 的确是个明智的人，我经常后悔没有采纳他的建议。

8.I am always full of energy. ____________________________every day is my secret.
(plenty) 我总是精力充沛，每天进行大量的锻炼是我的秘诀。

9.Though we felt a little disappointed, we still______________________our basketball
team . ( keep) 尽管我们有点失望，我们还是一直鼓励我们的篮球队。

10.How about two of us ___________________ down the garden ? (take)
我们俩去花园散步，怎么样？。