雅思写作话题definition

定义法下定义就是给说明对象一个明确概念。

这是科学而严密的说明方法。

它既能揭示事物的本质特征,勾勒其大概,描绘其轮廓,同时也能确定事物的范围和界限。

下定义是多方面的,可以给人、事物、思想等下定义。

例如:An ideal teacher must have the following characteristics. He should know his subject, but he can make mistakes if he is willing to learn. His personality is as important as his scholarship. An ideal teacher must be enthusiastic. He should be a bit of an actor and he shouldn't be afraid to show his feelings and express his likes and dislikes. An ideal teacher is one who grows, learns, and improves himself along with his students.
Definition(一般用于情感类/价值类/单方观点较少的文章的中间段落)
Sentence1: 引出关键词（eg：old；historical）
Sentence2：对关键词给出不同定位，基于社会的变化和人们的perspective
Sentence3：关键词1的定义，可借用specific examples进行说明（eg：a ten-year university VS a ten-year supermarket）<运用正反两面的例子>
Sentence4：关键词2的定义,运用对比的手法（eg：However, the cost-benefit equation is complex people can hardly establish a necessary connection between ancient building and the value of it.）下定义在大作文中的应用“下定义”，可以给读者一个直观的概念或
者清晰的思路，并且有利于后文的发展，而它本身并非只是字典上的解释，可以灵活使用。

接下来，我们的老师将介绍一些它在大作文不同阶段里的应用：
（一）引言段中的应用
1. Globalization
Globalization—the international spread of products, ideas and information—is bringing the world closer together. But globalization is not a new concept. For thousands of years，nations have roamed the earth in search of new markets and new sources of raw materials for their own industries.
关于“全球化”这个名词，考生并不陌生，但是如何用合理的语言来赋予它一个含义，这并非易事，上述的引言段就很好地做到了这一点，先是从字面上诠释了“全球化”的定义，进而又从实际生活角度赋予了它另外一层含义。

2. Telephone/Mobile phone
Imagine using smoking signals，carrier pigeons or riders on horseback to send an important message. Although those methods may sound strange，years ago people used them to communicate. Today，all a person has to do is pick up a telephone/mobile phone.
对于电话这一现代通讯工具，地球人都知道它是干嘛的，不过呢，我们可以从对于电话功能的定义上做文章，同样也可以赋予它一个生动的含义，并且一下子可以吸引读者眼球。

3. Studying abroad
Every year，students around the world leave behind the comforts of home to pursue a study-abroad experience in a foreign country. While many would say that studying abroad is advantageous，some would argue otherwise.
出国留学同样是一个非常熟悉的话题，若直接用字典上的定义直接去解释它显然多此一举，因此，我们不妨从侧面突破，通过引入大量学生出国留学的事实和目的来诠释这个再也不能熟悉的话题，同样可以起到很不错的效果。

4. Success
As the saying goes，“If you wish to succeed，you should use persistence as your good friend，experience as your reference，prudence as your brother and hope as your sentry. ”This essay is going to look at factors that constitute success.
“如果你希望成功，当以恒心为良友、以经验为参谋、以谨慎为兄弟、以希望为哨兵。

”这是伟大的美国发明家爱迪生曾经说过的一句话，借助名人名言来下定义又是一种非常有效的开头方式，这样做一方面揭示了文章接下来的主题，另一方面也增强了说服力，可谓是一举两得。

（二）主体段中的应用
1. Some people think that universities should provide graduates with the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace. Others think that
the true function of a university should be to give access to knowledge for its own sake，regardless of whether the course is useful to an employer. What，in your opinion，should be the main function of a university? (剑七Test 4)
以下是此题目一篇范文的第2个主体段：
However, reaching the conclusion that other functions，such as giving access to knowledge for its own sake，are no longer important is biased. For hundreds of years，especially in the west，the undergraduate education is，indeed，a liberal education，which means the undergraduates learn a wide range of curriculums such as psychology，economics，politics that has no direct relations to jobs. The upsides of this is that it firstly enables students to become broad-minded and help them lay a solid theoretical foundation，then they will be able to choose the most appropriate field based on their own interests for further studies.
这个段落的论述的中心是大学以传授知识本身为目的，作者使用了“通才教育”这个在西方国家非常流行的教育方式为佐证，在给出“通才教育”定义的本身，又用定语从句补充到了和题目第2个论点间的关系，从而进行了有力的对比，深化了段落中心。

2. Education
When people leave school，they wish they could breathe a sign of relief and leave learning behind. However，learning should last a
lifetime. You exercise your body to stay strong，and you should exercise your mind to stay sharp.
在这个关于教育的话题中，作者在论述时用终身教育的好处来诠释教育的长期性和必要性，从而为下文的扩展作了很好的铺垫和过渡。

3.Q: School should teach children academic subjects which will be beneficial to their future careers. Therefore，other subjects such as music and sports are not important. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?(08年5月22日A类考题)
Academic subjects，such as reading and writing，play a vital role in the education system. Apart from activating creativity and imagination，it helps students lay a solid foundation of knowledge. Some might say that academic subject is to a student as a rifle is to a soldier，without which he is unable to fulfill his mission……
在这个主体段中，作者在开头便举出了一些学术课程的具体内容，从而给读者一个概念，同时也展现了作者对题目的解读能力。

接下来我们再来看一个相似的用法：
4. Why have not alternative energies already replaced fossil fuels? There are also problems with production stability. The amount of energy we need varies throughout the day，and conventional energy production，such as coal and oil，can be increased or decreased based on these variations. Alternatives like wind and solar power are limited because they can only produce electricity when it is sunny or
the wind is blowing.
在这篇分析型大作文里，作者通过对化石燃料和可替代燃料的对比，突出了前者的优点，也揭示了后者的不足。

通过将一个名词范围中的具体例子举出，是下定义的另外一种诠释。

综上所述，下定义可用于议论文的开头或者主体段里，但是它一般不适用于用在结尾段中。

除了字典上的定义外，我们建议考生还可以从这个名词或短语的功能、目的、包含的具体例子等方面赋予它含义，这些方式都属于下定义。

下定义的经典用法——万能作文3
This is where the question of what is ‘historic’and of value to a particular community comes into play.(引出关键词) Age is a decisive factor for a historic resource, but it must be defined in relative terms. The definition of ‘old’will differ with a person’s perspective in time and resource being considered.（人们的不同定位） A convenience store that is 25 years old might be considered historic, while a university campus might not be considered historic until it is 50 or 75 years old.（具体例子，正反对比）
经典题目
1、不同subjects的男女学生是否要equal
定义subject：与其在军事专业一味追求男女等数，不如招更多对此有兴趣的，身心方面都更合适的男孩子。

同样，护理专业是一个更倾向于女孩来学的专业，因为它需要的是细心温柔。

定义equal：数量，重量，地位，待遇，程度，价值……
讲究的是待遇以及机会上的equal，而不是机械的数量上的equal，要考虑到interests，abilities，inclination，temperament and so on.
2、Success：时间对比：生在世上可以live the life to the full，死后自己对社会的贡献会被一些人记住。

空间对比：在家中，扮演好自己的角色，并成为是家庭关系紧密的推动力量；
在工作岗位上，完成自己应做的，指导需要帮助的，并成为不可缺少的一员。

理想与现实：实现或接近理想就是成功。

也许一位渴望成为优秀画家的企业精英在大多数人看来是成功的，但对于他自己也许就不是了。

3、Happiness：个人心境：知足常乐的，贪图无厌的
个人角色：医生，科学家，罪犯
人生的不同阶段：儿童时期——节假日
成年后——职业成功+个人成就
老年人——身体健康+子孙满堂。