最新中考英语人教九全U1—2语法聚焦和练习及答案

中考英语人教九全U1—2语法聚焦和练习及答案
一、阅读理解。

Empathy(同情心) lets us feel another person’s pain and drives us to help. Do any other animals feel empathy? Scientists recently found that rats(老鼠) do, too.
Most people don’t like rats. In many people’s eyes, rats are only bad. But Jean Decety and his partners at the University of Chicago did an experiment. It showed that rats are kind, warm-hearted animals. They can feel each other’s pain.
Scientists placed pairs of rats in plastic cages(笼子) for two weeks. During this time they got to know each other. Then they put one of the rats from each pair into a small container(容器) in the cages. The small container had a door. It was so designed as to fall to the side when the free rat touched it. Many of the trapped(困住的) rats squeaked(吱吱叫) to show their discomfort. The other rats of the pairs could see their suffering friends clearly.
In most pairs, the free rats would become very worried about their friends. They kept trying to save their friends again and again throughout th e month. Scientists put the rats’ favorite chocolate in the cages, but the rats didn’t eat it until they had saved their friends successfully. Scientists also found that female rats seemed to act more empathetic than male rats.
“The results are the first to show that rats take action in response to another’s trouble,” Decety said. “Monkeys and chimpanzees have similar behavior. But unlike those animals, rats can be ready used in laboratory studies. They will help us to learn which parts of the brain lead to empathy and helping behavior and whether empathy is natural.”
1. A person with empathy is often _____.
A. kind-hearted
B. clever
C. active
D. strong
2. What does the underline word mean in Chinese?
A.休息的
B.睡着的
C.死亡的
D.受苦的
3. Why didn’t the free rats eat the chocolate at first?
A. Because they were full at that time.
B. Because chocolate was not their favorite food.
C. Because they wanted to save the trapped rats first.
D. Because they were afraid that the chocolate was bad.
4. Which of the following animals were NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Monkeys.
B. Cats.
C. Rats.
D. Chimpanzees.
5. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. Rats can feel other animals’ pain.
B. Chocola te is rats’ favorite food.
C. Female rats are more empathetic than male rats.
D. Rats are empathetic and can feel each other’s pain.
参考答案1—5 ADCBD
二、教材语法聚焦
1. how引导的特殊疑问句及其答语(九Unit 1)
【基本用法】
how表示“怎样……”；介词by “通过/靠……方式”，表示方式、方法。

【教材例句】
1. —How do you learn English? 你是怎样学习英语的？
—I learn by studying with a group. 我通过小组合作学习。

2. —How can I read faster? 我怎样能读得更快点儿？
—You can read faster by reading word groups. 你可以通过读词组读得更快点。

【即学即练】
()1. (2017海南改编)Mr. Zhao is going to the airport ______taxi.
A. in
B. on
C. by
D. at
()2. ______do you improve your writing?
—I improve it______ writing e-mails to my pen pals.
A. How; with
B. What; with
C. How; by
D. What; by
2. 宾语从句(I)：that，if，whether引导(九Unit 2)
【基本用法】
在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。

that引导陈述句，if和weather引导一般疑问句。

【教材例句】
1. I believe that April is the hottest month in Thailand. 我认为在泰国四月是最热的一个月。

2. I wonder if they'll have the races again next year. 我想知道他们明年是否会再有比赛。

3. I wonder whether June is a good time to visit Hong Kong. 我想知道六月是否是去香港旅
游的好时间。

【即学即练】
()3. I've decided to go to London next weekend. I was wondering______ you could go with me.
A. if
B. when
C. that
D. where
()4. I heard______ it is becoming more and more popular to celebrate Mother's Day in China.
A. that
B. if
C. what
D. whether
()5. —Do you know what the article tells us?
—Well, our future depends on______.
A. what do you do
B. that you were lucky
C. whether you work hard
D. how much did you get
3. 感叹句(九Unit 2)
【基本用法】
What＋a/an ＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语；what＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！；How ＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！
【教材例句】
1. What fun the Water Festival is! 泼水节多么有趣啊！
2. What a lovely day it is! 多么可爱的一天啊！
3. How pretty the dragon boats were! 那些龙舟是多么的漂亮啊！
【即学即练】
()6. — Do you know that Hangzhou is going to hold the 19th Asian Games in 2022?
—______news! I can't wait to watch the games.
A. What bad
B. What good
C. How bad
D. How good
()7. The players in Super Brain can work out different problems in a very short time.
—______amazing they are! They have super brains indeed.
A. How
B. How a
C. What
D. What a
参考答案：1～5 C C A A C6～7 B A
三、完形填空。

The earth is our home. We must take care of it. Life today is easier than it was 1______ years ago, but it has brought some new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. We can see it,smell
it, drink it and even hear it.
Man has polluted the 2_____. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so 3____ people. When the land was used up or the river was not clean in a place man went to 4_____ place. Now man is slowly polluting the whole world.
5____ pollution is still the most serious, it's bad for 6____ things in the world.
Many countries don't let people burn 7____ for air in the houses and factories in the city.Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It's caused by heavy traffic.People say it's
8_____ to ride bikes. When you are riding, there is no pollution. But even in developed countries, most people don't go to work by bike. It's not because bikes are expensive or people are tired if they ride to work. It's because the number of cars on the roads becomes larger. So more people 9_____ their bikes and go to work by car, then things are getting worse and worse. We should have special roads only for bikes and make it 10______difficult and expensive for drivers to take their cars into the city that they will go back to using their bikes.
( )1. A. hundred B. hundreds of C. hundred of D. hundreds
( )2. A. moon B. star C. earth D. sun
( )3. A. lot B. little C. many D. much
( )4. A. others B. the others C. the other D. another
( )5. A. Air B. Food C. Water D. Noise
( )6. A. life B. live C. living D. lives
( )7. A. something bad B. bad something
C. something good
D. good something
( )8. A. least B. best C. most D. worst
( )9. A. put on B. look at C. put away D. look up
( )10.A. quite B. such C. very D. so
【答案详解】1-5 BCCDA 6-10CABCD
1.B. hundreds of 是一种固定搭配形式。

2.C. 文章开头第一句话就告诉我们“The earth is our home”。

它与这句话应该是相互对应的。

所以现在人类所污染的也是地球。

3.C. 许多年以前，地球上是没有这么多人的。

people还是可数名词，因此应该用many 修饰。

4.D. others 和the others 都是代词，应该单独使用。

the other 特指两者中的另外一个。

another则是多者中的另一个。

根据文章的意思，当人们用完一块土地和水资源后，就会迁移到另一个地方去，而地球上有很多地方。

所以用another比较合理。

5.A. 下面一段介绍的都是空气污染。

并且空气污染已经成为当今世界最严重的污染方式。

6.C. things 是名词，前面应该用形容词修饰，life和lives是名词，live是动词。

只有living 是形容词。

7.A. 形容词修饰以thing, body, one结尾的不定代词时应该放在这些不定代词之后。

而且被禁止燃烧的应该是不好的东西。

8.B. 根据下句“When you are riding, there is no pollution.”可知骑自行车是最好的减少空气污染的方法。

9.C. 根据下句“and go to work by car”可知人们还是将自行车放了起来。

10.D.“so+形容词或副词+that”表示“如此……以致于……”。

四、任务型阅读。

阅读下面短文,根据短文内容完成1-5题（请注意各问题后的字数要求）。

Car Free Day encourages driven to give up their car for a day to protect the environment. People from around the world get together in the streets to remind the world that we don't have to accept the society full of cars. It was first started by 34 cities in France and September 22 is Car Free Day. The first Car Free Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001. The slogan for the day is “If we drive for one less day, we can have one more nice day.”
Organized activities are held in many cities on Car Free Day. In Brussels, Car Free Day shall be valid (有效的) for everybody except persons with a special permit(许可征）, but they have to slow down to the speed of 30 kilometers per hour. The public transportation is free on that day. In London, they have special “green ar eas”. Walking, biking and public transpor tation are encouraged. The streets are open only to walkers, bicycles and buses from 7:00 am to 7:00 pm. In Beijing, it asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work. More and more people are joining in the activity. In the first quarter of this year, Beijing only had 52 blue sky days, and you may see haze(雾霾) almost every day! We must do more for Car Free Day as a Beijing driver said. “W e may not change the weather, but we ca n choose not to drive.”
But we do not want just one day and then a return to “normal” life. W e should go on with Car Free
Day.
1. Where was Car Free Day started first?【within(不超过）two words】
___________________________________________
2. How long should the car drivers not drive in the streets in London on Car Free Day?【within three words】
____________________________________________
3. W ho’s allowed to drive on Car Free Day in Brussels?【within five words】
____________________________________________
4. What does Car Free Day ask Beijingers not to do every month? 【within nine words】
__________________________________________________
5. What was the purpose of Car Free Day?【within seven words】
____________________________________________
【参考答案】
1. In France.
2. Twelve hours.
3. Persons with a special permit.
4. Drive to work for one day each month.
5. To protect the environment.
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1．阅读理解
(B)
To be honest, I enjoy music a lot and Tejano music is my favorite．Tejano music was born in Texas．Although it has influences from Mexico and some other Latin American countries，the
main influence is from America．
Like most music around the world，Tejano music mixes many different styles．It combines(结
合)folk，country，rock and a bit of the blues．
I prefer to listen to Tejano music because it makes me feel good．I enjoy dancing to it，too．It's so easy that there is no rule for my friends who want to join me．Some of my classmates also like
Tejano music．It is popular with young people．
I also love other kinds of music．I listen to rock when I'm happy．My favorite rock band is Creed because they sing a lot about their lives and express how they feel in their songs．They sing about their past experiences，their feelings and the way they want their lives to change．I also like heavy metal music．Metallica is my favorite heavy metal band．I usually listen to their music when I am upset．It tells me that．whatever difficulties I meet in life，I must try hard to get the things I want
and I should never give up．
Music influences us all in different ways．What type of music do you like?
（1）What's the writer's favorite music?
A. Rock music
B. Soft music
C. Tejano music
D. Folk music
（2）How many kinds of music does the Tejano music combine?
A. Three
B. Four
C. Two
D. Five
（3）When the writer is happy，he／she listens to ．
A. Tejano music
B. rock
C. heavy metal music
D. country music
（4）Which is the writer's favorite heavy metal band?
A. Metallica
B. Creed
C. Maroon 5
D. the Beatles
（5）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Tejano music is so difficult because there are lots of rules．
B. Tejano music is popular with old people．
C. Tejano music has influences from Mexico and America．
D. Tejano music combines(结合)folk，country，rock and a bit of the blues
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
（5）D
【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了他喜欢的几种音乐：德克萨斯乐，摇滚乐和重金属音乐。

德克萨斯乐来源于德克萨斯州，尽管它的影响来源于墨西哥和其它拉丁美洲国家，但是最主要的影响是来自美洲。

像世界大多数的音乐一样，德克萨斯乐是有很多音乐形式合成的，它结合了民间音乐，乡村音乐，摇滚乐和布鲁斯。

我喜欢听德克萨斯乐是因为它让我感觉良好。

它很受年轻人的喜爱。

我还喜欢摇滚乐，我最喜欢的摇滚阅读是Greed.我也喜欢重金属
音乐。

音乐用不同的方式影响着我们的生活。

（1）细节理解题。

根据短文中第一句话To be honest, I enjoy music a lot and Tejano music is my favorite．可知我最喜欢的音乐是Tejano music，故答案选C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据短文第二段中句子Tejano music mixes many different styles．It combines(结合)folk，country，rock and a bit of the blues．可知Tejano music 结合了folk，country，rock and blues四种音乐形式。

故答案为B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据第四段第二句话I listen to rock when I'm happy．可知作者高兴的时候听摇滚音乐。

故答案为B。

（4）细节理解题。

根据第四段中的句子I also like heavy metal music．Metallica is my favorite heavy metal band．可知作者最喜欢的重金属摇滚乐队是Metallica 。

故答案选A。

（5）综合判断题。

根据前三段中对德克萨斯乐的介绍内容，由句子Although it has influences from Mexico and some other Latin American countries，the main influence is from America．答案C错误；由句子It is popular with young people．可知答案B错误；由句子It's so easy that there is no rule for my friends who want to join me．可知答案A错误；由句子It combines(结合)folk，country，rock and a bit of the blues．可知答案D正确，故答案为D。

【点评】细节理解题是考查事实和细节的，大多数是针对文章的细节设计的。

只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。

2．阅读理解
Have you ever wanted to achieve a goal and ended up doing lots of research on how to achieve it? As you learned more and more. It seemed you knew less and less. That is because when you learned a new concept(概念). You found that there was a lot more to know about it.
Usually, people think they need to get more and more information before trying a new idea. There is nothing wrong with learning a lot, but when you let learning get in the way of doing, you will never get going.
One of the best ways to learn is to take action and learn from the results that you get from those actions. Don't be afraid of not being perfect and just take the first step. You will go further than those who are still in preparation. It's good to be prepared, but over-preparation in trying to reach a goal won't get you results. The knowledge and skills that you will need will be picked up along the way.
If a baby wants to learn how to walk, it doesn't do it by just sitting there and thinking about how to walk. The best way for a baby to walk is to actually get up and start walking. Sure it may
fall, but with every fall, it learns what is working and what is not and adjusts(调整)to it. By doing this over and over, it will finally learn to walk. This is the method you should use when you want to achieve your goals as well. It works.
Learning more is great but if all you're doing is learning and not taking action, it's time to change that. Just take the first step.
（1）When you learned something new, you found there was to know about it.
A. less
B. nothing
C. everything
D. more
（2）Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. People need to learn a lot before trying a new idea.
B. One of the best ways to learn is to take action.
C. Learning has nothing to do with doing.
D. Over-preparation is not good for reaching a goal.
（3）A baby should when it wants to learn how to walk.
A. get up and start walking
B. sit there and think about how to walk
C. learn from its parents
D. read books about how to walk
（4）We can usually read the passage in .
A. a storybook
B. a newspaper
C. an advertisement
D. a guidebook
（5）The purpose of the passage is .
A. to tell us how to learn more
B. to tell us how to be successful
C. to talk about the importance of doing
D. to talk about the importance of learning
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文告诉我们一个道理，最后的学习方法是从行为结果中去学习。

（1）细节题。

根据As you learned more and more. It seemed you knew less and less.随着你学得越来越多。

看来你知道的越来越少了，可知当你学到新东西时你发现有更多的东西要知道，故选D。

（2）细节题。

根据One of the best ways to learn is to take action and learn from the results
that you get from those actions学习的最好方法之一是采取行动，从这些行动中获得的结果中学习，可知学习与做无关是错的，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据The best way for a baby to walk is to actually get up and start walking 可知，当婴儿想学会走路时，就应该站起来开始走，故选A。

（4）推理题。

根据本文是告诉我们一个道理，故会在报纸上看到这篇文章，故选B。

（5）主旨题。

本文告诉我们一个道理，最后的学习方法是从行为结果中去学习，故本文是谈论做的重要性，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

A young woman traveled and stayed in a hotel. All the rooms in the hotel were singles(单人间). So she lived in a single room.
Just when she was going to bed, there was a knock at the door. She had no friends in the city. So she was quite surprised but still opened the door.
The man who was standing at the door looked a little nervous. "Oh! I'm sorry. I thought this was my room," the man said and walked away in a hurry.
The woman called the police at once. Soon, the man was caught. He was a thief(小偷)! But how did the woman know that?
All the rooms in the hotel were singles. Who would knock at his own door if he was staying alone? Only a thief would do this. He wanted to see if anyone was inside before he broke into the room.
（1）A young woman traveled and stayed ____.
A. in a hotel
B. in a police office
C. in a park
D. in her friend's home
（2）The man looked a little ____ when the woman opened the door.
A. happy
B. nervous
C. mad
D. relaxed
（3）The man knocked at the door to ____.
A. find his friend in the city
B. stay alone
C. see if anyone was inside
D. call the police
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：一位年轻女士住在宾馆时，有人敲门询问这是不是他的房间，这位女士断定他是一个小偷，并报了警。

（1）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句 A young woman traveled and stayed in a hotel. 理解可知，这位年轻的女士住在了宾馆，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句 The man who was standing at the door looked a little nervous. 理解可知，这个年轻人看到这位女士非常的紧张，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句Only a thief would do this. He wanted to see if anyone was inside before he broke into the room.可知，这个人敲门的主要目的就是看看房间里有没有人，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

4．阅读材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Tony, a nine-year-old kid, is sitting at his desk when suddenly he wets(尿湿) his pants. He thinks his heart is going to stop because he can't possibly know how this has happened. It has never happened before. He knows the after-effect (后果)—When the boys find out, he will never hear the end of it. When the girls find out, they'll never speak to him again as long as he lives.
Tony puts his head down and say to himself, "Oh, no. What can I do? I need help now!"
He looks up and notices the teacher coming, with a look in her eyes that says he has been discovered.
As the teacher is walking to him, a classmate named Emily is carrying a glass that is full of water. Emily falls down in front of the teacher and drops the glass of water in Tony's pants. Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself, "Thank you, dear! Thank you, dear!"
Now all of a sudden, instead of being the person that everyone laughs at, Tony is the person of sympathy (同情). The person that everyone laughs at should be him, but now it is Emily.
She tries to help, but they tell her, "You've done enough, you stupid!"
At the end of the day, as they were waiting for the bus, Tony walks over to Emily and says in a low voice," You did that on purpose, didn't you ?"
Emily says back in a quiet voice, "I wet my pants, too."
（1）What does Tony think the other boys will do if they find out the fact?
A. They'll all laugh at him.
B. They'll tell the teacher about it.
C. They'll try to help him.
D. They'll never speak to him again.
（2）Which is right according to the passage?
A. Emily drops the water on purpose.
B. Tony is really angry with Emily.
C. Tony and Emily don't go home by bus.
D. Tony and Emily aren't classmates.
（3）We know that Emily is a_________ girl from the passage?
A. careless and lazy
B. quiet and bright
C. stupid and helpless
D. kind and smart.
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。

一个叫Tony的小男孩不小心尿湿裤子后生怕被人发现，正在他陷入痛苦需要得到帮助时，正好同班同学Emily拿着一杯水走来，故意把水撒在Tony身上，使Tony免于被同学们嘲笑，从而化解了危机。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段第五句"When the boys find out, he will never hear the end ofit"，以及第五段第一句"Now all of a sudden, instead of being the person that everyone laughs at,"可知这些男孩们会嘲笑他。

故选A。

（2）根据文章倒数第二段"You did that on purpose, didn' tyou?" 和最后一段的"I wet mypants once, too." ,可知Emily是故意撒的水。

可知选项A，符合文字内容，故选A；根据第四段最后句Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself, "Thank you, dear! Thank you, dear!"托尼似乎很生气，但他一直在自言自语：“谢谢你，亲爱的！谢谢你，亲爱的！”可知Tony不是正的生气。

选项B不符合文章内容，故排除B；根据倒数第二段第一句 At the end of the day, as they were waiting for the bus, 可知他们他们在等公共汽车，推知他们是乘坐公共汽车回家，选项C不符合文章内容，故排除C；根据第四段第二句 Emily falls down in front of the teacher and drops the glass of water in Tony's pants. 可以推知他们是同班同学。

选项D不符合文章内容，故排除D。

综上所述，故选A。

（3）推理判断题。

根据第三段最后一句"Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself, "Thank you, dear! Thank you , dear!"，可知是Emily急中生智才化解了Tony的尷尬处境，由此看出Emily是个善良又聪明的孩子，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

5．阅读理解
Will it matter if you don't take your breakfast？A short time ago, a test was given in the United States. People of different ages, from 12 to 83, were asked to have a test. During the test, these people were given all kinds of breakfast, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Scientists wanted to see how. Well their bodies worked when they had eaten different kinds of breakfast.
The results show that if a person eats right breakfasts, he or she will work better than the person who has no breakfast. If a student has fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he or she will learn more quickly and listen more carefully.
The result is opposite to what some people think. Having no breakfast will not help you lose weight. This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch. They will gain weight instead of losing it. You will lose more weight if you reduce your other meals.（1）During the test, the people were given .
A. no breakfast at all
B. different foods or nothing
C. too much food
D. little food for breakfast
（2）The results show that .
A. breakfast has a great effect on work and studies
B. breakfast has little to do with a person's work
C. a person will work better if he or she only has fruit and milk
D. girl students should have little for breakfast
（3）According to the passage, some people think that if you don't have breakfast you will .
A. be healthier
B. work better
C. lose weight
D. lose your way
（4）The underlined word "reduce" in the last sentence means" "in Chinese.
A. 增加
B. 减少
C. 放弃
D. 享用
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文中通过一个调查，讲述了吃早饭对人们工作、身体状况的影响，以及合理吃早饭的好处。

（1）细节理解题。

根据During the test, these people were given all kinds of breakfast, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all.可知参加测试的人有时吃丰富的早饭，有时不吃早饭。

故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

根据文中第二段The results show that if a person eats right breakfasts, he or she will work better than the person who has no breakfast.If a student has fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he or she will learn more quickly and listen more carefully.可知吃不吃早餐对人们的学习和工作影响很大，对身体状况影响也非常大，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。

根据第三段The result is opposite to what some people think. Having no breakfast will not help you lose weight.可知一些人认为不吃早饭能减肥，故选C。

（4）词意猜测题。

根据lose more weight ，可知是减重，根据常识可知减重需要减少饭量，因此reduce的意思是减少，故选B。

【点评】本题考查阅读理解，考查了细节理解题和词意猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。