英文摘要翻译
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结论当中。对于摘要的目的，现在常常省略主语，只 用不定式短语进行表达。如“to study; to evaluate; to understand”等； 一般过去时（偶尔有过去完成时）则常常用于摘要的方 法和结果之中 The preliminary results suggest that the expression of heparanase gene may be one of the reliable markers for the metastastic activity gained by the lung cancer cells and can be used clinically in predicting the prognosis of patients. 分析：这是摘要“结论”中的一句，是论文作者对研 究工作进行的总结，并指出其对当前实际工作的指导 意义，因此使用的是一般现在时。当然，使用何种时
翻译：The expression of P73 protein was detected by Western blotting in 37 cases of esophageal tumor tissues、paracancer tissues、regional lymphnodes and matched esophageal normal tissues and their relation to clinical pathologic characteristics of esophageal cancer was explored.
(2)方法(methods)：A brief description of research design ideas, materials and methods used, how to deal with the data 。
(3)结果(results)：A brief description of the major findings ，data ， new discovery, and the value of its limitations.
分析：(P73蛋白的)“表达”和“关系”是两个中心 词，只有使用被动语态，才能突出这两个词。“检 测”和“探讨”都是科学研究的过程。
Tense in abtracts
论文摘要中所采用的时态主要是一般现在时和一般过 去时，偶尔也会出现完成时。
功能很明确: 一般现在时（偶尔有现在完成时）使用于摘要的目的与
者”。层层修饰关系在译文中均以介词连接，译文简
The voice of Abtracts
In the translation of medical abstract, often using the
third person passive voice
采用Western blotting技术检测37例食管鳞状细胞癌 组织、癌旁组织、区域淋巴结和相应正常食管组织 中P73蛋白的表达，并探讨与食管临床病理特征的 关系。
It generally contains: 1、title 2、name of the author 3、 unit of the author/address 4、text of the abstract 5、keywords
Structured abtracts
(1)目的(objeFra Baidu bibliotektive )：A brief description of the purpose of research; shows the scope, content and importance of stucy
Translation of titles
Fetures:have many profesional terms and ofen they are long
For their translation: 1、to be faithful to the original 2、 literal translation is generally used methods 3、should pay attention to the relationship between the various components
Translation of Abstracts
The denifition of abstracts
Abstracts is a brief and general statements of the research process, research purpose , research methods and findings
(4)结论(conclusion) analysis or discussion of the finding, then the scientific conclusions
Translation of Abstracts
Since abstracts comprise various types which cover a vast range of categories,we can hardly summarize the translation skills.however,we may put forward a few points , and I would like to used the translation of the abtracts of the medical papers as an example to explain them.
Eg:针刺对冠心病心绞痛患者左心功能状态的影响 The acupuncture effect on left ventricular function in
patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris 分析：“影响”为中心词，但它在本文中的意思为 “疗效”, 因为“针刺”是种治疗疾病的方法, “针刺 的疗效”可译为“acupuncture effect”。“左心功能状 态”是表类属的定语，应紧跟“影响”，“患者”修 饰“左心功能状态”，“冠心病心绞痛”修饰“患
翻译：The expression of P73 protein was detected by Western blotting in 37 cases of esophageal tumor tissues、paracancer tissues、regional lymphnodes and matched esophageal normal tissues and their relation to clinical pathologic characteristics of esophageal cancer was explored.
(2)方法(methods)：A brief description of research design ideas, materials and methods used, how to deal with the data 。
(3)结果(results)：A brief description of the major findings ，data ， new discovery, and the value of its limitations.
分析：(P73蛋白的)“表达”和“关系”是两个中心 词，只有使用被动语态，才能突出这两个词。“检 测”和“探讨”都是科学研究的过程。
Tense in abtracts
论文摘要中所采用的时态主要是一般现在时和一般过 去时，偶尔也会出现完成时。
功能很明确: 一般现在时（偶尔有现在完成时）使用于摘要的目的与
者”。层层修饰关系在译文中均以介词连接，译文简
The voice of Abtracts
In the translation of medical abstract, often using the
third person passive voice
采用Western blotting技术检测37例食管鳞状细胞癌 组织、癌旁组织、区域淋巴结和相应正常食管组织 中P73蛋白的表达，并探讨与食管临床病理特征的 关系。
It generally contains: 1、title 2、name of the author 3、 unit of the author/address 4、text of the abstract 5、keywords
Structured abtracts
(1)目的(objeFra Baidu bibliotektive )：A brief description of the purpose of research; shows the scope, content and importance of stucy
Translation of titles
Fetures:have many profesional terms and ofen they are long
For their translation: 1、to be faithful to the original 2、 literal translation is generally used methods 3、should pay attention to the relationship between the various components
Translation of Abstracts
The denifition of abstracts
Abstracts is a brief and general statements of the research process, research purpose , research methods and findings
(4)结论(conclusion) analysis or discussion of the finding, then the scientific conclusions
Translation of Abstracts
Since abstracts comprise various types which cover a vast range of categories,we can hardly summarize the translation skills.however,we may put forward a few points , and I would like to used the translation of the abtracts of the medical papers as an example to explain them.
Eg:针刺对冠心病心绞痛患者左心功能状态的影响 The acupuncture effect on left ventricular function in
patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris 分析：“影响”为中心词，但它在本文中的意思为 “疗效”, 因为“针刺”是种治疗疾病的方法, “针刺 的疗效”可译为“acupuncture effect”。“左心功能状 态”是表类属的定语，应紧跟“影响”，“患者”修 饰“左心功能状态”，“冠心病心绞痛”修饰“患