小升初非谓语动词教案

非谓语

1．非谓语:在句子中不作谓语, 而做其它的成分, 比如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。一、不定式to do

在句中所作的成分:

⑴主语: To speak English is not easy for us. 讲英语对我们来说不容易.

当不定式作主语时, 为了避免头重脚轻的感觉我们常常用it 作形式主语, 而把不定式放在后面.

It is not easy for us to speak English.

构成的句型是: It is + adj. (形容词) + ( for sb. ) + to do 做某事对于某人来说是……

⑵表语: My work is to clean the room every day. 我的工作是每天打扫这间屋子.

⑶宾语: --- What does he like to play ? 他喜欢做什么运动?

--- He likes to play basketball. 他喜欢打篮球.

⑷宾补: She asked me not to speak Chinese in an English class. 她让我在英语课上不要讲汉语.

一般是ask / tell sb ( not ) + to do sth. 叫/ 告诉某人不要做某事

在let, make, see, hear, watch 等使役、感观动词后, 不定式省略to (裸不定式)

Eg: I saw Tom go upstairs. 我看到汤姆上楼了.

⑸定语: Have you got anything to say ? 你有要说的吗?

不定式作定语, 要放在所修饰词的后面.

⑹状语:I’m sorry to trouble you. (表原因) 很抱歉, 给你添麻烦了.

I went to the library to study English. (表目的) 我去图书馆去学英语了.

注意:

1.常见的带to 的不定式有: want, hope, wish, plan, decide, allow, would like, expect, refuse, choose, promise,

pretend, intend, agree, happen

常考的两个句型: Ask /tell sb (not) + to do + sth 叫某人去做/ 不做某事

2. 裸不定式的常用句型

1.why not / why don’t you …Why not go with us ? 为什么不和我们一起去呢？

2. had better (not) do …You had better not take a bus. 你最好别乘公共汽车。

3. Could/Would/Will you please (not) do …

4. 使役动词和感官动词let, make, see, hear, watch

The boss made them work the whole night. 老板让他们工作了一整夜.

3. 特殊疑问词+ 不定式

动词不定式可以和疑问代词(who, what, which)、疑问副词（when, how, why, where）等连用构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。如：The teacher is telling the students what to do.

He didn’t know where to go.

二、doing

1. 主语：Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃得太多对你的健康有害。

2. 动词宾语: I like playing basketball very much. 我非常喜欢打篮球.

介词宾语: Stamps are used for sending letters. 邮票是被用来寄信的.

3. 表语: His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是收集邮票.

4. 定语: She is in the reading room. 她在阅览室.

We should improve our teaching methods. 我们应该改进教学方法.

注意: 英语中有一些动词后面常跟动名词作宾语, 常见的有: finish, enjoy, mind, miss, be worth, have fun, have trouble / problem (in), spend, feel like, be used to等. 我们可以按下面的顺口溜记忆这些单词.

完成实践值得忙finish, practise, be worth, be busy

继续习惯不放弃keep on, be used to, give up

考虑建议不禁想consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like

喜欢思念要介意enjoy, miss, mind

Eg: I enjoy listening to music. 我喜欢听音乐.

He doesn’t feel like doing his homework. 他不喜欢做作业.

三、有些动词词组后既可以加不定式又可以跟动名词，但意义是有区别的。

stop to do 停下来去做某事forget to do 忘记做某事（动作未发生）

1. 2.

stop doing 停止做某事forget doing 忘记做过某事(动作已经发生)

remember to do sth 记住要做某事（动作未发生）try to do sth 努力去做某事

3 . 4.

remember doing 记得做过某事（动作已发生）try doing sth 试着做某事

go on to do 做完一件事,接着做另一件事

5.

go on doing 继续不停地做某事

练习: 1. Stop _________ please. 请不要说话.

2. Stop _________ about it for a moment. 停下来想一想.

3. I remember _________ your letter. 我记得把你的信寄出去了.

4. Please remember __________ my letter. 请记住把我的信寄走.

5. I forgot _________ my homework. 我忘记带作业了.

6. I forgot _________ my homework. 我忘记已把作业本带来了.

7. He tried ________ English to us. 他试着用英语和我们谈话.

8. Please try _________ better next time. 下次设法做得更好.