定语从句简单版讲解学习

that 和which 的区别1
1.下面情况只用that不用which和whom:
①先行词为much, little, none, someone, something等不定代词。
I watched all the glasses that were on the table fall off the table.
状语 状语 状语
合并句子:
1.The man is a farmer. 2.The man is speaking at the meeting.
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.
Mary is a girl. Mary has long hair.
合并为一个句子
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
先行词 关系词 定语从句
关系代词
关系副词
which, who, whom, Where, when whose, that
➢ 定语从句的用法:
✓当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.
This is the book about which we are talking now．
②非限性定语从句中：
Tom studies hard and is ready to help others, which his
parents expect. ③当先行词本身是that时：
What’s that which is flying in the sky?
定语从句
1.定语从句的概念
定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定 式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以介词短语、分词
为例）
例： The girl behind the tree is Kate.
The man running on the playground was a doctor.
➢在英语中，在复合句中修饰名词或代词的用作定语的句子叫 定语从句。 例： The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.
④先行词既有人也有物。
They talked about things and persons that they remembered.
⑤以who /which开头的疑问句。
Who is the person that you just talked with?
⑥先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。
3.引导词——关系词的分类
关系代/副词 who whom
指代 人 人
意思 此人 此人
成分 主语/宾语
宾语
whose that
which when where why
人/物 人/物 事/物 时间(物) 地点(பைடு நூலகம்) 原因(物)
此人/物的 此人/物 此物 在此时 在此地 因为此
定语 主语/宾语/表语 主语/宾语/表语
省略.
The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.
4.定语从句的考查方向:引导词的考查
理解掌握几个区分: • ①区分that 和which • ②区分as和which • ③区分定语从句和状语从句 • ④区分定语从句和名词性从句 • ⑤区分定语从句和强调句型
The man who was running on the playground was a doctor.
2.定语从句的构成要素
①先行词（被定语从句修饰的名词或代词） ②引导词：关系代词或关系副词
注意:从句与先行词是修饰与被修饰的 关系
eg: This is the factory where he works.
②先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰。
The parks are the clearest parks that you can imagine．
③先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last等词修饰。
Corn was not the only food that was taken to Europe．
The village is no longer the one that it was 5 years ago.
⑦在there be 句型中，指物只用that。
There are many apples that are very delicious.
that和which的区别2
2.下面情况不用that: ①介词后面：
These are the trees which were planted last year.
✓当先行词是人时, 用who, whom, whose, that引导.
➢who, whom, whose, that用法区别.
✓who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
The man is a worker. 分解
The man is speaking at the meeting.
作主语
✓Whom 作定语从句的宾语
The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.
分解 The woman is a teacher. They wanted to visit the woman.
which和as的区别
1.Tom has made much progress, _w_h_i_c_h_makes
me very happy.
3. ___A__s___ is often the case, we have worked out the
作宾语
✓whose 作定语从句的定语.
I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.
分解
I know the girl. The girl’s mother is a teacher.
作定语
✓that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.
注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可