曼昆《经济学原理》(宏观经济学分册)英文原版
合集下载
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
• Physical capital • Human capital • Natural resources • Technological knowledge
• The factors of production directly determine productivity.
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
• In the United States over the past century, average income as measured by real GDP per person has grown by about 2 percent per year.
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
Production and Growth
• Productivity refers to the amount of goods and services produced from each unit of labor input.
• A nation’s standard of living is determined largely by the productivity of its workers.
How Productivity Is Determined
• Physical capital per worker is the stock of equipment and structures that are used to produce goods and services.
• Physical capital includes:
• Compounding refers to the accumulation of a growth rate over a period of time.
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
Productivity: Its Role and Determinants
• Why Productivity Is So Important
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
Production and Growth
• A country’s standard of living depends on its ability to produce goods and services.
• Within a country there are large changes in the standard of living over time.
– Productivity plays a key role in determining living standards for all nations in the world.
– To understand the large differences in living standards across countries, we must focus on the production of goods and services.
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
Table 1 The Variety of Growth Experiences
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
ECONOMIC GROWTH AROUND THE WORLD
• Living standards, as measured by real GDP per person, vary significantly among nations.
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
How Productivity Is Determined
• The inputs used to produce goods and services are called the factors of production.
• The factors of production include:
• Tools used to build or repair automobiles. • Tools used to build furniture. • Office buildings, schools, etc.
• Physical capital is a produced factor of production.
term for the knowledge and skills that workers acquire through education, training, and experience. • Like physical capital, human capital raises a nation’s ability to produce goods and services.
• The poorest countries have average levels of income that have not been seen in the United States for many decades.
• Annual growth rates that seem small become large when compounded for many years.
• It is an input into the production process that in the past was an output from the production process.
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
How Productiviital per worker is the economist’s
• The factors of production directly determine productivity.
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
• In the United States over the past century, average income as measured by real GDP per person has grown by about 2 percent per year.
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
Production and Growth
• Productivity refers to the amount of goods and services produced from each unit of labor input.
• A nation’s standard of living is determined largely by the productivity of its workers.
How Productivity Is Determined
• Physical capital per worker is the stock of equipment and structures that are used to produce goods and services.
• Physical capital includes:
• Compounding refers to the accumulation of a growth rate over a period of time.
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
Productivity: Its Role and Determinants
• Why Productivity Is So Important
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
Production and Growth
• A country’s standard of living depends on its ability to produce goods and services.
• Within a country there are large changes in the standard of living over time.
– Productivity plays a key role in determining living standards for all nations in the world.
– To understand the large differences in living standards across countries, we must focus on the production of goods and services.
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
Table 1 The Variety of Growth Experiences
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
ECONOMIC GROWTH AROUND THE WORLD
• Living standards, as measured by real GDP per person, vary significantly among nations.
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
How Productivity Is Determined
• The inputs used to produce goods and services are called the factors of production.
• The factors of production include:
• Tools used to build or repair automobiles. • Tools used to build furniture. • Office buildings, schools, etc.
• Physical capital is a produced factor of production.
term for the knowledge and skills that workers acquire through education, training, and experience. • Like physical capital, human capital raises a nation’s ability to produce goods and services.
• The poorest countries have average levels of income that have not been seen in the United States for many decades.
• Annual growth rates that seem small become large when compounded for many years.
• It is an input into the production process that in the past was an output from the production process.
© 2007 Thomson South-Western
How Productiviital per worker is the economist’s