二十世纪英国文学

Henry James James’s Major Works: 1843-1916
The American 《美国人》 The Europeans 《欧洲人》 Daisy Miller 《黛西· 米勒》 Washington Square 《华盛顿广场》 The Portrait of a Lady 《淑女画像》 The Aspern Papers 《阿斯本文件》 The Tragic Muse 《悲哀的缪斯》 The Spoils of Poynton 《波英顿的珍藏品》 The Turn of the Screw 《螺丝在拧紧》 The Awkward Age 《青春初期》 What Maisie Knew 《梅瑟所了解的》 The Wings of the Dove 《鸽翼》 The Golden Bowl 《镀金碗》 The Ambassadors 《奉使记》





Mansfield’s Major Works: Prelude 《前奏》 Bliss and Other Stories 《幸福集》 The Garden Party and Other Stories 《园会集》 T源自文库e Dove’s Nest and Other Stories 《鸽巢集》 Something Childish and Other Stores 《幼稚集》 The Daughters of the Late Colonel 《已故中校 的女儿》

Katharine Mansfield 1888-1923
托马斯· 哈代 Thomas Hardy
（1840-1928）
Thomas Hardy(1840-1928)
the
last and one of the greatest Victorian novelists and poets one of the representatives of English critical realism at the turn of the 19th century
Rudyard Kipling 1865-1936






Kipling’s major works: Departmental Ditties and Other Verses 《分类的歌曲》 Seven Seas 《七海》 The Five Nations 《五国》 The Jungle Book 《森林之书》 Just So Stories 《如此故事》 Plain Tales from the Hills 《山中的故事》 Soldiers Three 《三个士兵》 Life’s Handicaps 《生命的阻力》 Many Inventions 《许多发明》 The Light That Failed 《消失的光芒》 Captain Courageous 《勇敢的船长》 Kim 《吉姆》
Joseph Conrad 1857-1924





Conrad’s Major Works: Sea Novels: The Nigger of the Narcissus 《白水仙号 上的黑家伙》 Typhoon and Other Stories 《台风集》 Youth and Two Other Stories 《青春集》 Jungle Novels: Lord Jim 《吉姆爷》 Heart of Darkness 《黑暗的心灵》 Political Novels: Nostromo 《诺斯特罗摩》 The Secret Agent 《特务》 Under Western Eyes 《在西方的注视下》
2.1 New Theories and Ideas Darwin’s Evolutionary Theory Einstein’s Theory of Relativity Freud’s Analytical Psychology Karl Marks and Friedrich Engels’s Theory of Scientific Socialism Arthur Schopenhauer’s Pessimism Friedrich Nietzsche’s Doctrines of Power and Superman Henry Bergson’s Irrational Philosophy
Arnold Bennett 1867-1931
Bennett’s
Major Works: Anna of the Five Towns 《无城的安娜》 Clayhanger 《克雷亨格》 Hilda Lessways 《希尔达· 莱斯威斯》 These Twain 《这一对》 The Old Wives’ Tale 《老父谭》 Riceyman Steps 《理雪门台阶》 Lord Raingo 《雷恩戈勋爵》
Realism in the 20th Century English Literature
二十世纪英国现实主义文学改变了维多利亚
时代那种高雅温和的倾向，加强了对英国社 会的保守性和虚伪性的批判，具有一种冷峻 地直面人生的特点。
伦敦塔桥
Modernism
1. A reaction against realism 2. Modernism takes the irrational philosophy and psycho-analysis as its theoretical base. 3. The major themes of the modernist literature are the distorted, alienated and ill relationships between man and nature, man and society, man and man, man and himself. 4. The modernist writers concentrate more on the private than on the public, more on the subjective than on the objective. They are mainly concerned with the inner being of an individual. In their writings, the past, the present, and the future are mingled together and exist at the same time in the consciousness of an individual.

Some terms
Symbolism 象征主义 Expressionism 表现主义 Surrealism 超现实主义 Futurism 未来主义 Dadaism 达达主义 Imagism 意向主义 Stream of consciousness 意识流 Existentialism 存在文学 Theatre of absurd 荒诞派戏剧 Black humor 黑色幽默

English Novel of Early 20th Century
The
Realists: The English realists at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th continued and developed the traditions of the brilliant school of critical realism. They sought for new ways and means of revealing the truth of life. In their works criticism of the bourgeois world reaches considerable depth and poignancy. The notable names among them include Butler, Meredith and Wells.
His Major Works

Hardy himself divided his novels into three groups: 1) Romances & Fantasies A Pair of Blue Eyes 《一双蓝蓝的眼睛》 (1873); The Trumpet Major《号兵长》 (1880)etc. 2) Novels of Ingenuity Desperate Remedies 《非常手段 》 (1871); The Hand of Ethelberta《艾塞尔伯塔的婚姻 》 (1876)etc 3) Novels of Character & Environment Under the Greenwood Tree 《绿荫下 》 (1872); Far Form the Madding Crowd 《远离尘嚣 》(1874); The Return of the Native 《还乡》(1878); The Mayor of Casterbridge 《卡斯特桥市长 》 (1886); Tess of the D'Urbervilles 《德伯家的苔丝 》 (1891); Jude the Obscure 《无名的裘德 》 (1895) Poems Wessex Poems 《威塞克斯诗集 》 (1898) Epic Drama The Dynasts《统治者三部曲 》﹙1903, 1906, 1908﹚
John Galsworthy (1867-1933)
English novelist and playwright Galsworthy became known for his portrayal of the British upper middle class and for his social satire. 1932 win Nobel Laureate in Literaturefor his distinguished art of narration which takes its highest form in The Forsyte Saga.
20th Century English Literature
⒈Historical background
WWⅠ Economic
depression and worker’s movement Irish nationalist movement WWⅡ
2. Cultural Background

His major works

Novels:
The Forsyte Saga福尔塞世家: 1.The Man of Property有产业的人; 2.In Chancery骑虎难下; 3.To Let出租
.A Modern Comedy现代喜剧
1.The White Monkey白猿; 2.The Silver Spoon银匙; 3.Swan Song天鹅曲