(完整版)状语从句用法总结(完整)

状语从句

什么是状语？

状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。

1. Naturally, our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call.

2. We worked hard, from sunrise to sunset.

3. To help my disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day

4. Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted.

5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before.

状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。

什么是状语从句？

状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。

根据其作用状语从句可分为：

1.时间状语从句

2.地点状语从句

3.原因状语从句

4.条件状语从句

5.目的状语从句

6.让步状语从句

7.比较状语从句

8.方式状语从句

9.结果状语从句

状语从句的时态特点

一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。

I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.

As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home.

If he comes back, please let me know.

1．时间状语从句

常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until

特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instan t, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when

I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.

While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.

The children ran away from the orchard(果园), the moment they saw the guard

No sooner had I arrived home, then it began to rain.

Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.

表示“一……就……”

除as soon as外，还有三类：

名词型——the moment, the minute, the second, the instant；

副词型——immediately, directly, instantly；

句式型——no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when…

The moment I saw him, I fell in love with him.

I came immediately you called. 你一给我打电话，我就马上来。

I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. 我一到家，就开始下雨。

【注意】

如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。

Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.

No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将来时、过去将来时态或将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现在时态、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。

When, while, as(一边...一边...), after, before, as soon as, since, till /until, by the time(到。。。为止, 所在句子的主句应用完成时)

Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.

He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.

He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day.

when, while和as的区别

when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且when 有时表示“就在那时”, when＝and then; at that moment。

When she came in, I stopped eating.

When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.

We were about to leave when he came in.

While引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。

While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.

I like playing football while you like playing basketball.

As表示“一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。

We always sing as we walk.

As we was going out, it began to snow.

before和after引导的时间状语从句

before的本意为“在……之前”，根据具体语境还可理解为“还没来得及/还没有……就……，趁着还没……就……，不知不觉就……，……才……”等。

After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。