英语复合句的翻译方法

（二）状语从句的翻译 -顺译法、换序法、合译法、转译法
1.顺译法。 一般来说，状语从句的位置刚好符合汉语的叙事顺 序，在这种情况下，就可以直接原文顺序翻译。
Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han River meet 武汉位于长江和汉水汇合处。（地点状语从句）
There are some chemical fuels that are clean and smokeless. 有些化学燃料是洁净无烟的。
There have been good results in the experiments that have given him great encouragement. 实验中的良好结果给了他莫大的鼓舞。
一个不向别人学习的人是不能指望有多少成就的。
The few points which the president stressed in his
report are very important indeed.
院长在报告中强调的几点的确A 很重要。
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2.译成谓语的一部分。
There are many students in this class who come from big cities. 这个班的许多学生来自大城市。
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She went back to take care of her husband who was seriously ill.
她回去照顾她的丈夫，他严重地病了。 她回去照料病重的丈夫。
译者不应为翻译而翻译。一切翻译应把准确表达意 思放在首位，能简则简，能直译则直译；其次，灵 活多变地运用各种翻译技巧，帮助再现原文的内容 和风貌。
复合句的翻译
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I gave my youth to the sea and I gave my wife my old age.
原译：我把青春献给了海洋，我回家的时候便把 老年给了我的妻子。 改译：我把青春献给了海洋，等我回家见到妻子时， 已是白发苍苍。
常见的翻译方法是调整原文语序和原文长度。若 一味地忠实于原文，那么译文轻则出现“翻译腔”， 生硬难解；重则文理不通，结构混乱，表达错误。
英文中主从句的动词不一样时，可以不译关系代词，直接
把这两个动词连起来翻译，显得句子前后意思更连贯。
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5.译成带有“这”字的单句
He admired Mrs. Brown, which suprises me. 他佩服布朗太太，这使我感到惊奇。
They turned a deaf ear to our demands, which enraged all of us. 他们对我们的要求置之不理，这使我们大家都很气愤。
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1.分译法。
1.译出关系代词或关系副词
He has been to Paris, which he thinks is the most beautiful city in the world. 他去过巴黎，他认为巴黎是世界上最美的城市。
The note was left by Mr. Wang, who was here a moment ago. 这张条子是王先生留的，他刚才来过。
I have three letters which I must write this afternoon. 我有三封信必须今天下午写出。
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4.译成连动式的一部分。
He took a bottle of wine out of his pocket, which he began to drink slowly. 他从衣兜里掏出一瓶酒慢慢地喝起来。
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3.译成兼语式的一部分。
I need someone who can instruct me in my English study. 我需要一个人来指导我学英语。
When I passed by, I saw a man who was writing something in the room. 我从这里路过时，看到一个人在屋子里写字。
We’ll send the boy to Britain, where he will receive better education. 我们要把这孩子送到英国接受更好的教育。
The serviceman will send the washing machine to the repair shop, where it will be checked and repaired. 维修工将把这台洗衣机送到维修部检修。
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（一）定语从句的翻译-合译法、分译法、转译法
1.合译法。
合译法是把主句和定语从句合译成一个单句的译法， 主要以限制性的定语从句为主。具体做法可以译成 定语（“的”字结构）、谓语、兼语式的一部分或带 有“这”字的单句。
1. 译成定语（“的”字结构）.
A man who doesn’t try to learn from others cannot hope to achieve much.
She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was. 她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。
有些定语从句中的关系代词并不是指主句中的一个词，而是
指整个主句，一般将其译成“这”或“这一点”。主句的译
本身不是一个分句，而是“这”的同位语。
My wife’s mother wanted to marry him before he left for England, but he refused, because he didn’t want her to be so young a widow.
We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be so busy. 我们把郊游推迟到下星期，那时我们就不会这么忙了。 They will fly to Kunming, where they plan to stay for two or three days, and then go to Guilin. 他们将乘飞机到昆明，在那儿A 停留两三天，然后去桂林9。