伊通西北缘古近系油气成藏模式及富集因素

伊通盆地西北缘古近系油气成藏模式及富集因素

蔡长娥1，2，刘震1，邱楠生1，2，贺君玲3，宋立斌3，张胜斌1

1.中国石油大学（北京）油气资源与探测国家重点实验室

2.中国石油大学（北京）盆地与油藏研究中心

3.中国石油吉林油田公司勘探开发研究院吉林松原

基金项目：国家油气专项《岩性地层油气藏项目》（2011ZX05001）

摘要：经过前期勘探证实伊通盆地西北缘为一油气富集带。由于西北缘地质条件复杂，成藏条件差异大，成藏模式具有多变性，油气富集因素认识不清，导致伊通盆地西北缘进一步勘探遇到新的困难。本文通过对已知油藏解剖，同时结合构造演化特征、断裂活动期次、油气充注期次、烃源岩演化等因素综合分析划分出不同类型的油气成藏模式；并对比分析已知油气藏和落空井的成藏条件差异性，确定油气的主控因素，进一步明确油气相对富集的关键因素。本文将伊通盆地西北缘古近系划分为四类成藏模式即（1）具有半花状-近油源-油藏-早期成藏特点的伊59油藏形成模式；（2）具有伸展断块-近油源-油气藏-两期成藏特点的昌43油藏形成模式；（3）具有花状-远油源-油藏-晚期成藏特点的昌49油藏形成模式；（4）具有断层-岩性-远油源-油气藏-晚期成藏特点的昌14油藏形成模式。西北缘古近系成藏主控因素被认定为储集相和断层，提出了“优势相油气富集”新观点。油气成藏模式的划分、主控因素和富集规律的总结对伊通西北缘下一步油气勘探和目标预测具有重要的指导作用。

关键字：伊通西北缘；成藏模式；相-输二元主控；优势相富集

Model of Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Enrichment Factor of

Paleogene Reservoir in the North w estern Margin of YiTong Basin

Cai Change1,2, Liu Zhen1, Qui Nansheng1,2, He Junling3, Song Libin3, Zhang Shengbin1

1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting, China University of

Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;

2. Research Center for Basin and Reservoir, China University of Petroleum, Beijing,

102249;

3. Exploration and Development Research Institute, PetroChina Jilin Oilfield Company,

Songyuan, Jilin, 138000, China

Abstract: Early exploration has proven that the northwestern margin of Yitong basin is a hydrocarbon enrichment zone. Further exploration has faced with new difficulties in the northwestern margin due to the complex geological conditions, large differences in hydrocarbon accumulation conditions, variability of accumulation model and the unclearness of hydrocarbon enrichment factors. By analyzing the known reservoirs and combining with comprehensive analysis on the structural evolution history, the fault activity periods, the inflow periods and evolution of source rock, different types of dynamic accumulation models are built; by comparison with the differences in

第一作者简介：蔡长娥（1986年），女，汉族，现为中国石油大学（北京）博士研究生，研究方向为油气藏形成

机理与分布规律。地址：北京市昌平区中国石油大学（北京）地球科学学院。邮政编码：102249。

accumulation conditions between known reservoirs and empty wells, the main controlling factors of the reservoirs are confirmed and the key factors of hydrocarbon enrichment are further clarified. In this paper, the models of hydrocarbon accumulation of Paleogene reservoirs in the northwestern margin of Yitong basin are classified into four types: Yi 59 accumulation model is characterized by semi-symmetry flower structure–near oil source-oil reservoir-early accumulation; Chang 43 accumulation model is characterized by the extensional faulted blocks–near oil source-oil and gas reservoir-two-stage accumulation; Chang 49 accumulation model is characterized by flower structure-far from oil source–oil reservoir-late accumulation; Chang 14 accumulation model is characterized by fault-lithologic reservoirs-far from oil source–oil and gas reservoir-late accumulation. The main controlling factors of Paleogene reservoirs in the northwestern margin are reservoir facies and fault. A new view of hydrocarbon enrichment due to dominant sedimentary facies is putting forward. The models of hydrocarbon accumulation, main controlling factors and enrichment regularities are significant guidance to the hydrocarbon exploration and target prediction of the northwestern margin of Yitong basin.

Key words:Northwestern margin of Yitong basin; model of hydrocarbon accumulation; facies-fault controlling; enrichment by dominant sedimentary facies

0 引言

我国东部陆相断陷盆地经过多年的勘探实践，断陷盆地的油气成藏模式及富集因素在理论上取得重大突破，在实践上获得重大发现。胡见义（1986）[1]提出了“复式油气聚集带理论”；林畅松等（2000）[2]在研究渤海湾盆地时指出构造坡折带是油气藏形成的极为有利部位；杜金虎(2003)[3]通过深入研究二连盆地指出隐蔽油藏与构造油藏形成和分布遵循“互补性”原理；庞雄奇（2003）[4]总结出济阳坳陷岩性油藏三元成因模式；李丕龙等（2004）[5]系统分析了“相”，“势”在油气成藏中的作用及耦合关系，提出了断陷盆地“相势控藏”理论；赵文智（2004）[6]提出了富油气凹陷“满凹含油”理论；邹才能（2005）[7]提出了以储集相为核心的“相控论”；刘震等（2006）[8]在针对二连盆地的隐蔽油气藏形成和分布时提出“多元控油-主元成藏”新观点；张文朝（2008）[9]建立了断陷盆地“相-势-导”成藏模式。这一系列认识和新观点不仅在指导我国陆相断陷盆地的油气勘探中起到了重要作用，也大大丰富了我国以陆相生油为主线的石油地质理论。

近年来，伊通盆地油气成藏过程和富集因素的研究也取得很大进展。周景田等（1990）[10]指出三角洲相及浊积岩相为岔路河拗陷有利的沉积相带，盆内中部斜坡和南东隆起区是最优越地带（区）；童亨茂（2002）[11]认为西北缘边界断裂是一走滑性质的断裂，对盆地的形成和演化起着控制作用；童亨茂等（2002）[12]提出伊通地堑构造样式的差异是造成不同断陷具有独特油气分布规律的主导因素；石兰亭等（2007）[13]分析认为莫里青断陷的构造型油气藏受地温-地压系统控制，而岩性油气藏不受地