基于表观特征的目标人体识别

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让呆萌的计算机认出人——人体检测技术
训练：从已有图片中提取特征， 总结规律 检测：在新的图片中寻找、比 对特征并判断
如同高中所学的线性规划一样，这种软件的一个关键技术在于从图片中提 取出更好的特征并将其量化。另一个关键技术在于通过更有效的算法对数 据进行处理，并最终作出“是或否”的判断。这两项技术也成为了一款软 件能否实现更高准确率和更快判断的核心技术。
The problems of facial recognition system
Face recognition is not perfect and struggles to perform under certain conditions. Ralph Gross, a researcher at the Carnegie Mellon Robotics Institute, describes one obstacle related to the viewing angle of the face: "Face recognition has been getting pretty good at full frontal faces and 20 degrees off, but as soon as you go towards profile, there've been problems." Other conditions where face recognition does not work well include poor lighting, sunglasses, long hair, or other objects partially covering the subject’s face, and low resolution images. Another serious disadvantage is that many systems are less effective if facial expressions vary. Even a big smile can render the system less effective. For instance: Canada now allows only neutral facial expressions in passport photos. There is also inconstancy in the datasets used by researchers. Researchers may use anywhere from several subjects to scores of subjects, and a few hundred images to thousands of images. It is important for researchers to make available the datasets they used to each other, or have at least a standard dataset. 面部识别系统主要存在的问题是障碍，角度和照明，在目前得到较广泛应用 的系统中，即使一个很大的微笑都会影响识别效果，遮住脸部的头发，太阳 镜也会对识别起到干扰作用，与目标人体识别技术相比，在人脸识别系统中 这种影响更为明显。
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引用：郭立君 宁波大学 《基于表观特征的目标人体识别技术研究》 维基百科 《facial recognition system》
目标人体识别的意义、应用与难题
• 目标人体识别：即非重叠的多摄像系统中人的重现 （Person Re-identification），是智能视频监控的核心问题 之一，在很多领域有着广泛的应用前景，这些领域包括国 防、娱乐、医疗、人机交互、图像提取与数据挖掘、工业 与家用机器人、制造业、视觉监控与安全以及智能交通等。 • 由于存在对象尺度与视角的变化、对象内部的形变、复杂 背景及光照的变化以及其他物体对对象的遮挡等状况，对 于人体以及其他对象进行检测与识别是计算机视觉中最具 挑战的难题之一。
绿框：正确判断 红框：多余判断 蓝框：遗漏判断
尽管错误不可 避免，但是可 以通过调整容 错区间来达到 目的，大大减 少劳动量
A facial recognition system is a computer application for automatically identifying a person from a digital image or a video frame from a video source. One of the ways to do this is by comparing selected facial features from the image and a facial database. It is typically used in security systems and can be compared to other biometrics such as fingerprint or eye iris recognition systems
基于表观特征的目标人体识别技术 The recognition technology based on apparent characteristics of the target body 和人脸识别系统 and facial recognition system
How many people are there in the picture？ 照片里面有几个人？？？
面部识别系统是自动识别一个人的数字图像或视频源中的一帧的计算机应用程序。 与目标人体识别技术相同，它需要截取面部特征并将其量化，并和面部数据库进行 比较。它通常用应于在安全系统，与其他生物特征如指纹或眼虹膜识别系统相类似。
The basic principle of facial recognition system